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Darwinism: Why it is philosophy, not science

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My most recent post talked about why Fr. George Coyne was asked to retire from the Vatican Observatory, after his vigorous campaign to oppose the Vatican’s efforts to distance itself from Darwinism (or “evolutionism,” as Cardinal Schoenborn likes to call it).

I shouldn’t have to point this out, but hey. Sidelining Fr. Coyne does not mean that the Vatican is weighing in on the interminable US school board wars.

Yes, the Pope used the term “progetto intelligente,” which is a functionally equivalent rendering of “intelligent design” in a homily. But only a naive person would imagine that the Catholic Church, which is thousands of years old, would stake all on current specific ideas of American biochemists, mathematicians, or astronomers.

Why? It need not. Philosopher David Stove has already demolished Darwinism by doing nothing more than unpacking what neo-Darwinists really expect us to believe, to help them preserve their theory.

And if you really believe all that the Darwinists wish,

you had better ask a solicitous friend to answer the door for you whenever you see two frumpy people approaching your house, armed with tracts … .

I expect ID ideas to come thick and fast in the next few decades, and it certainly won’t be the job of the Catholic Church to keep up with, let alone pass judgment on, all of them. The main thing the Church seems to want to get across is that “evolutionism” (Darwinism) fails to account for human life in the present day, which happens to be true.

A given ID hypothesis may turn out to be well or poorly supported. That, in a nutshell, is the science game. But an ancient institution like the Catholic Church can well afford to wait and see what happens, as Darwinism self-destructs.

Of course the universe and life forms show evidence of intelligent design! It is a measure of the sheer stunnedness of a materialist culture that such a proposition would even be controversial. Or that academics should be obsessing about why the American public doesn’t believe in Darwinist materialism. Well, primarily because Americans enjoy the unique and enviable freedom to say that they don’t believe nonsense. I hope the freedom spreads. Lots of places could sure use it right now.

Meanwhile, I was recently involved in a somewhat heated private discussion about whether Darwinism can be held in a purely “scientific” way, devoid of the philosophy that usually animates its most fervent promoters.

Well, maybe. And maybe I can wake up my old cat and learn him to play the fiddle, and then we can all have a dance …

From everything I can see, 150 years later, Darwinism is still the creation story of materialism. That is the real reason for its persistence.

Physics has got on fine in the last century without a Grand Unified Theory, and biology could too. But materialism, unlike biology, needs a creation story in order to function as a religion – hence the value of Darwinism.

In the private debate noted above, I discovered that philosophers who argue for fine distinctions between Darwinism as a theory in science and Darwinism as a philosophy have rarely actually encountered serious Darwinists in their native state. The Thumbsmen are a case in point , and a piece of work, too (scroll down). But the philosophers are unlikely to go out and discover that for themselves.

Essentially, no Darwinist has any motive whatever to clear up the confusion between Darwinism as a theory about how species develop and Darwinism as a philosophy. The confusion is precisely what maintains Darwinism’s social power.

The last thing the Darwinists want is to see Darwinism evaluated on its own merits as a strictly defined theory of the origin of species (with such issues as origin of life and human consciousness off the table because Darwinism is probably inapplicable to them). You may as well expect communists to accept an objective evaluation of the performance of Marxist economics!

To anyone who doubts this, I have three-word suggestion: Google “evolutionary psychology.”

You could sink a canal barge with all the nonsense that has been talked about cave guys and gals, as a speculative explanation for the life around us. Guarantee: You will wake up in the morning, and the sun is shining and all that is still nonsense.

Indeed, Darwinists will stoop a long, long way in their efforts to prevent an objective evaluation. I am reminded of a sentence from journalist Michael Powell’s masterly Washington Post piece on Richard Sternberg:

Sternberg was advised not to attend. ‘I was told that feelings were running so high, they could not guarantee me that they could keep order,’ Sternberg said.

Oh yes? Indeed. And yet I was informed by certain sniffy philosophers that my distrust of a point of view on account of the behaviour of those who hold is a “genetic fallacy.”

I want to say here and now that I do not believe in the genetic fallacy in any systematic way.

Some points of view are only held by persons of poor character.

The eminent Darwinists who can no more be trusted to keep order than the guys in the Court Services van that shuttles between the jailhouse and the courthouse are a possible case in point ….

Here’s another interesting “Darwinism” item: University of Washington psychology professor and Darwinist David P. Barash recently looked forward enthusiastically to the day when “thanks to advances in reproductive technology, there will be hybrids, or some other mixed human-animal genetic composite, in our future.”

Barash objects to drawing a line between humans and other life forms: “It is a line that exists only in the minds of those who proclaim that the human species, unlike all others, possesses a spark of the divine and that we therefore stand outside nature.”

There, you see. It is as plain as daylight. Barash is NOT making a secret of his aim to denigrate humans and there is NO big philosophical conundrum. If you can read a newspaper, you an understand what he is saying.

Barash’s point of view is NOT the inevitable outcome of any reasonable interpretation of science, it is merely the outcome of radical materialism.

I know of no serious proposition to separate that sort of thing from the teaching of Darwinism in tax-supported schools. And that is the main reason why there is an intelligent design controversy in the public at large.

Comments
Jerry, Thanks for your comments, including "I doubt there would be too many at the Discovery Institute who would object to neo Darwinism in the areas it has been shown to work." As somebody who is new to the ID vs. evolution argument, I do get the impression that it is very polarized, but as you say yourself there are in fact some aspects of neo-Darwinism that have been helpful and will continue to be. I guess I don't understand why the ID community doesn't stress this more -- particularly the issue of common descent and natural selection (which would after all help ensure they are distinct from creationist and not lumped in with them as many evolutionists believe). After all some of this is just simple psychology -- if you want to win somebody over to your viewpoint one tried-and-tested strategy is to emphasize what you have in common. In my job I use this technique all the time and can attest that it is effective. This way a true dialog on a solid foundation can be built. But judging by the polemic 'anti-Darwinian' posts on this blog I have yet to see this happen -- and I think science as a whole is all the poorer for this.John Singleton
August 28, 2006
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You could still teach evolution and biology but do it honestly.
Do you seriously believe or expect others to believe that those who teach evolution and biology are dishonest? I do not doubt John Davison's honest belief in his PEH, even though I find it unconvincing.Alan Fox
August 28, 2006
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John Singleton, I think you could make a case that ID subsumes neo Darwinism. Few here will say that neo Darwinism does not have application in a lot of areas of biology. I doubt there would be too many at the Discovery Institute who would object to neo Darwinism in the areas it has been shown to work. What neo Darwinism does not do is explain a lot of phenomena in the history of life on the planet, that is most of the major evolutionary events. Modern biology could go on its merry way and never broach these topics of past evolutionary events and may be even more effective. Neo Darwinism is nothing more than modern genetics with natural selection thrown in. I don't think ID advocates have any problems with genetics. It is just when neo Darwinism claims it can explain all of life history that we have a problem. In other words there should be no problem with the education system or research activity if neo Darwinism is just limited to what it can explain which in evolution is trivial. Right now that is not the case and an indoctrination has been going on and those who support neo Darwinism are not trying to save science but their indoctrination machine, which is the public school science program. You could still teach evolution and biology but do it honestly. We all would be better off.jerry
August 28, 2006
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Carlos, You are confused. Creationism is associated with those who hold a literal interpretation of Genesis. I understand there can be an old earth literal interpretation and a young earth literal interpretation. There are many other religious interpretations of creation besides a literal Genesis. So you should use the term correctly especially here. If I am not correct then others here can comment on this to delineate other differences. For example, there have been several threads recently on Catholic Church activity on evolution. The Catholic Church does not take a literal interpretation of Genesis but is certainly associated with the view that God created at various times. So are they creationist according to your definition? There are Catholics here and non-Catholics who are not creationist by their own view but think ID explains certain things that naturalistic processes couldn't on their own "create." Is everyone a creationist who thinks that at one past time an intelligence intervened? You have to be precise because these terms are frequently used in the press and popular literature as if they were the same when most here do not think they are.jerry
August 28, 2006
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If Darwinism is on the verge of collapse as is so often started on this blog, where does that leave us? And is there in fact solid evidence that this is the case, or is this just a much-desired assertion based on popular opinion? Let's be a little scientific here, if Darwinism were to collapse, what would be the predictable signs? For example, would Universities stop teaching evolution classes? Would there be statements by prominent evolutionists (and preferable non-religious ones such as Dawkins) that declare that evolution theory is incorrect? So far I haven't see these things occur, or maybe I'm not looking in the right place? And if Darwinism is a defunct theory, what exactly do we now teach? After all most IDers do accept common descent don't they? And didn't most of the scientific work around common descent in fact come from the evolutionist camp? Does ID theory alone have enough substance to fully replace evolution wholesale? Are the IDers then going to throw out the baby with the bath water, or is there going to be an acknowledgement that there is an overlapping body of knowledge that both the ID and evolution sides agree on? I think doing so would be a very good thing -- acknowledging what ID and evolution have in common could help not only mend fences but allow for a more constructive dialog between the two groups.John Singleton
August 28, 2006
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(7) One way I knew that communism was dying was when communists began to insist that they weren\'t really communists, merely socialists. Actually, the split between "socialists" and "communists" can be traced back to Eduard Bernstein's program of social democracy during the Second International. (4) Many other countries, including most of Godless Europe, are perfectly free to say that they don't believe nonsense. What are you trying to say? In a recent survey, people from Europe and America were asked, "Did human beings, as we know them, develop from earlier species of animals?" Americans were less likely to answer "yes" than citizens of most European countries -- including Croatia, Bulgaria, Lithuania, and Latvia. Presumably this should concern intelligent design theorists and supporters as much as it concerns neo-Darwinians -- since (a) the debate between intelligent design and neo-Darwinism is not about whether humans developed from earlier species, but whether that development was guided by an intelligence or not, and (b) intelligent design theorists and supporters often insist that they are not creationists -- but to deny that human beings developed from earlier species is to affirm creationism. In other words, an intelligent design advocate (IDA, if you will) can look at these data and say, "yay! the chokehold of Darwinism is loosening!" -- but one cannot do that and cry foul when he or she is then lumped in with creationists. Or, an IDA can acknowledge that he has much more in common with neo-Darwinian supporters than either may like to admit. On Darwin and philosophy: speaking as a philosopher (see, I'm wearing my other hat!), Darwin insisted on two points that re-conceptualized our picture of what life is. The first is the reality of variation: there are only populations defined by a distribution of traits -- hence there are no "kinds," as imagined by Aristotle. The second is the reality of contingency: there is no necessity or intention to evolutionary change. Darwin does not provide arguments for either assertion. What he did, rather, is show that if these premises are accepted, then much which was previously inexplicable suddenly becomes understandable. For a philosophical examination of Darwin, I recommend Philip Kitcher's "Giving Darwin His Due"Carlos
August 28, 2006
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The whole charade of people saying they are offended by ID people or others saying they are Darwinist or that they support Darwinism is a joke. The official name they dreamed up was neo-Darwinism. That is their term. So are they not offended if we call them neo Darwinists or that they support neo Darwinism. Are they upset because many just drop the "neo?" Neo Darwinism has an official definition. At least one professor who teaches evolution at Berkeley defines it as natural selection plus genetics so I assume that is standard. Here is the definition from wikipedia which is the same "The modern evolutionary synthesis (often referred to simply as the new synthesis, the modern synthesis, the evolutionary synthesis, neo-Darwinian synthesis or neo-Darwinism), generally denotes the integration of Charles Darwin's theory of the evolution of species by natural selection, Gregor Mendel's theory of genetics as the basis for biological inheritance, random genetic mutation as the source of variation, and mathematical population genetics." As far as I know this is how most use the term Darwinism on this site though they tend not to mention the population genetics as much as natural selection.jerry
August 28, 2006
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Of course they use the term \"Darwinist/Darwinism!\" And if they really believed in what they were telling us, they wouldn\'t be ashamed to do so, either. It is a characteristic of the collapse of Darwinism as a worldview that the Darwinists would actually start a minor uproar claiming that ID types use the term to describe them but that they don\'t themselves. One way I knew that communism was dying was when communists began to insist that they weren\'t really communists, merely socialists. And certainly not Marxists .... True, the collapse took some years, but it - of course - happened.O\'Leary
August 28, 2006
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By the way, Prof. Barash is another Darwinist (in this case an evolutionary psychologist) that uses the word "Darwinism" and has even co-authored a book with "Darwinian" in the title. I only mention this because I keep reading about objections to the use of Darwin's name as a "pejorative used by creationists".russ
August 28, 2006
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I don't think Barash has the aim of denigrating humans, rather in his mind and in the minds of many others they believe that they are liberating humans from the shackles of mentally restrictive foolish religious beliefs. They don't see themselves as warriors for materialism, rather they see themselves as enlightened beings ministering to the deluded fools who believe in fairy tales whose beliefs are harmful to human society. They believe they are actually helping humans and human civilization in general. That's why they are so arrogant. They feel they have truth, justice, and the american way on their side and that anyone who disagrees with their views are just deluded and beneath them. Of course there are exceptions to this rule i.e people like Ken Miller, but who knows? He may just be an atheist who pretends to be a theist in order to promote evolution in some convoluted plan of divide of conquer. I really don't think many serious evolutionists get seriously introspective on their motivations and philosophical vision. Some of the more mentallu unbalanced evolutionists may have wacky ideas about using darwinism as an all purpose lens with which to view the world, but most are content to not be philosophical at all. How can they be philosophically minded when anybody who is philosophically minded and not insane and a darwinist would be faced with an overwhelming cognitive dissonance? The reason they are not faced with an overwhelming cognitive dissonace is because they are either unphilosophical in their mental outlook or they are mentally disturbed.mentok
August 28, 2006
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"Americans enjoy the unique and enviable freedom to say that they don't believe nonsense" Many other countries, including most of Godless Europe, are perfectly free to say that they don't believe nonsense. What are you trying to say?Mark Frank
August 27, 2006
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Well at least you guys are trying to narrow down what you mean by "Darwinism"..... Thus saith Michael Behe: "The point I'm trying to drive home here by discussing my own work as well as the work of Miller and Haught, is that a very wide range of views about the mechanism of evolution is consistent with Catholic teaching, from the natural selection defended by [Kenneth] Miller, to the intelligent design I have proposed, to the animated, information-suffused universe that John Haught sees. Those mechanisms are all proposed by persons who attach the same bottom-line philosophy to their ideas that Pope John Paul described: that 'it is the God of Israel who acts' and that 'it is the one and the same God who establishes and guarantees the intelligibility and reasonableness of the natural order of things upon which scientists confidently depend, and who reveals himself as the Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.' Indeed, the range of possibilities that are available under a Catholic viewpoint is much wider than under a materialistic viewpoint." (Michael Behe, from "A Catholic Scientist Looks at Darwinism" in Uncommon Dissent: Intellectuals Who Find Darwinism Unconvincing edited by William Dembski [2004], page 143-144) "From the natural selection defended by Miller...." says Behe. Darwinism as science http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/darwinism.html Darwinism as philosophy http://service.spiegel.de/cache/international/spiegel/0,1518,392319,00.html Phil PPhilVaz
August 27, 2006
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What is the difference between philosophy and science? Is there a difference?Carlos
August 27, 2006
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Love reading your posts!Gods iPod
August 27, 2006
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