Uncommon Descent Serving The Intelligent Design Community

Is there such a thing as morality or ethics?

Categories
Ethics
Intelligent Design
Naturalism
theism
Share
Facebook
Twitter/X
LinkedIn
Flipboard
Print
Email

Atheist broadcaster Matt Dillahunty now challenges neurosurgeon Michael Egnor: There is no way to know whether a moral doctrine represents any reality apart from belief:

Michael Egnor: You’ve agreed with me that there are people who act out of respect for an objective moral law.

Matt Dillahunty: I agree with you there are people who act that way because of their belief and whether they believe it’s objective or not is irrelevant. They can believe it’s subjective and still do it. [01:29:30]

Michael Egnor: So, you don’t believe that it’s objectively wrong, for example, to kill innocent people, or rape babies, or exterminate the Jews?

Matt Dillahunty: Hang on. We just went through a whole bunch of stuff and when you got to a point where it was exposed that you were wrong about what you said, you went back to: I don’t think it’s objectively wrong to rape people and kill babies. That’s not what we were just discussing. We were discussing altruism and whether or not there’s a justification for it.

Michael Egnor: Yeah. But it’s what we’re discussing now, Matt. My question is, is it objectively wrong to do certain things, outside of opinions? [01:30:00]

Matt Dillahunty: I’ve already answered this and I’m sorry that you don’t understand it. I will try one more time.

When you declare what a foundation of morality is, once that’s done, you can compare the consequences of various actions with respect to that foundation, with respect to that goal. That comparison can be objective in the same way that the rules of chess are ultimately arbitrary. They didn’t have to be that way. We made up the game. It is objectively against the rules for you to move your pawn forward four spaces at the beginning of the game. Now, you can say, is it objectively wrong? Well, no, we could have house rules, but we’re talking about these rules.

News, “8. Does morality really exist? If so, does it come from God?” at Mind Matters News

C.S. Lewis (1898–1963) certainly disagreed with Dillahunty in The Abolition of Man (1943), where he talks about the Tao that forms the basis of all human morality.

Takehome: Michael Egnor insists that a moral law exists independently of varying opinions. As C.S. Lewis pointed out, that has always been the traditional view worldwide.


The debate to date:

  1. Debate: Former atheist neurosurgeon vs. former Christian activist. At Theology Unleashed, each gets a chance to state his case and interrogate the other. In a lively debate at Theology Unleashed, neurosurgeon Michael Egnor and broadcaster Matt Dillahunty clash over the existence of God.
  2. A neurosurgeon’s ten proofs for the existence of God. First, how did a medic, formerly an atheist, who cuts open people’s brains for a living, come to be sure there is irrefutable proof for God? In a lively debate at Theology Unleashed, Michael Egnor and Matt Dillahunty clash over “Does God exist?” Egnor starts off.
  3. Atheist Dillahunty spots fallacies in Christian Egnor’s views. “My position is that it’s unacceptable to believe something if the available evidence does not support it.” Dillahunty: We can’t conclusively disprove an unfalsifiable proposition. And that is what most “God” definitions, at least as far as I can tell, are.
  4. Egnor now tries to find out what Dillahunty actually knows… About philosophical arguments for the existence of God, as he begins a rebuttal. Atheist Dillahunty appears unable to recall the philosophical arguments for God’s existence, which poses a challenge for Egnor in rebutting him.
  5. Egnor, Dillahunty dispute the basic causes behind the universe. In a peppery exchange, Egnor argues that proofs of God’s existence follow the same logical structure as proofs in science. If the universe begins in a singularity (where Einstein’s equations break down), what lies behind it? Egnor challenges Dillahunty on that.
  6. Is Matt Dillahunty using science as a crutch for his atheism? That’s neurosurgeon Michael Egnor’s accusation in this third part of the debate, which features a continued discussion of singularities, where conventional “laws of nature” break down.
    If the “supernatural” means “outside of conventional nature,” Michael Egnor argues, science routinely accepts it, based on evidence.
  7. Dillahunty asks 2nd oldest question: If God exists, why evil? In the debate between Christian neurosurgeon Michael Egnor and atheist broadcaster Matt Dillahunty, the question of raping a baby was bound to arise.
    Egnor argues that there is an objective moral law against such acts; Dillahunty argues, no, it is all just human judgment.
  8. Does morality really exist? If so, does it come from God? Matt Dillahunty now challenges Michael Egnor: There is no way to know whether a moral doctrine represents any reality apart from belief. Michael Egnor insists that a moral law exists independently of varying opinions. As C.S. Lewis pointed out, that has always been the traditional view worldwide.

You may also wish to read:

Science can and does point to God’s existence. Michael Egnor: Natural science is not at all methodologically naturalist — it routinely points to causes outside of nature. If we are to understand natural effects, we must be open to all kinds of causes, including causes that transcend nature.

The Divine Hiddenness argument against God’s existence = nonsense. God in Himself is immeasurably greater than we are, and He transcends all human knowledge. A God with whom we do not struggle — who is not in some substantial and painful way hidden to us — is not God but is a mere figment of our imagination.

Atheist Claims about logical fallacies often just mean: Shut Up! In the recent debate, Matt Dillahunty accuses theists of “the fallacy of the argument from personal incredulity” because we examine his claims and find them incredible. What atheists fear most is having to explain themselves, and the invocation of fictitious “fallacies” is one of their favorite ways to evade scrutiny.

and

Theists vs. atheists: Which group has the burden of proof? Because Dillahunty refuses to debate me again, I’ll address his claim that atheists have no burden of proof in the debate over God’s existence in this post. Both atheists and theists make positive statements about the nature of the universe. If atheists shun the ensuing burden of proof, it should count against them.

Comments
When KF says that my credibility matters in these arguments, it makes me question whether or not KF actually understands the logic of anything he posts here. I'm starting to think that everything he argues here is a form of cut-and paste or from memory of arguments other people made that he hitched his credibility wagon to. IOW, he seems to see certain key words, then rummage through his data-base using those key words like a search algorithm, and post here what his sources say in reference to those key words whether it has anything to do with what was said or not, whether it actually answers the concept of the question or not. I mean, IMO he keeps blatantly failing the Turing test.William J Murray
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
08:37 AM
8
08
37
AM
PDT
KF said:
As for objectivity of key moral truths, as they are demonstrably inescapable in the rhetorical force of arguments, even those of objectors, they are inescapably and self-evidently true as first principles that govern our rational conduct. Indeed, Cicero’s highest reason. If these are disregarded as poorly warranted, including BTW duties to right reason, truth, justice etc, then rationality collapses and with it responsibility, soundness and prudence. Which may have a lot to do with the state of our civilisation.
Inescapable behaviors cannot be logically connected to duties, because one is the antithesis of the other. A duty MUST always be an optional behavior. You cannot recognize a duty via an inescapable behavior. Duties can only be shown in light of their necessary conditions: authority and consequence. That is why no duty can be self-evident OR linked to inescapable behavior.William J Murray
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
08:17 AM
8
08
17
AM
PDT
KF said:
WJM, you have already undermined your credibility as noted.
Good. I don't want anyone to add any weight to anything I have to say based on any sense that I have any credibility whatsoever. I'd like anyone interacting with me to base their conversation solely upon the logic of my arguments.William J Murray
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
08:13 AM
8
08
13
AM
PDT
MNY, the point of ought is to challenge the is. KFkairosfocus
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
07:56 AM
7
07
56
AM
PDT
WJM, you have already undermined your credibility as noted. As for objectivity of key moral truths, as they are demonstrably inescapable in the rhetorical force of arguments, even those of objectors, they are inescapably and self-evidently true as first principles that govern our rational conduct. Indeed, Cicero's highest reason. If these are disregarded as poorly warranted, including BTW duties to right reason, truth, justice etc, then rationality collapses and with it responsibility, soundness and prudence. Which may have a lot to do with the state of our civilisation. KFkairosfocus
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
07:51 AM
7
07
51
AM
PDT
@KF You don't obey the rules, nobody is above the rules. And this discussion is going nowhere, because of everyone disobeying the rules.mohammadnursyamsu
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
07:50 AM
7
07
50
AM
PDT
Origines, the moral principles in question are observably inescapable and govern reasoned thought and argument. So, inescapably and self evidently true first principles that are in key part constitutive of our nature. As self-creation is incoherent, that points to the source of our nature, but they are built in, they are how rational responsible freedom is governed, by principles we freely choose to follow rather than mechanistic, dynamic-stochastic forces such as govern those organised refined rocks we call computers. Which, have no freedom and are non-rational. So, voice of conscience speaks and can be refined to be ever sounder. It calls us to truth, right reason, neighbour, fairness, justice, prudence, including warrant. We can reject but that does not change the force of oughtness. Which points to the IS-OUGHT gap and the only place it can be bridged, the root of reality. Thus, such creatures as we are are best explained as coming from the inherently good, utterly wise creator God, a necessary and maximally great being. One, worthy of our loyalty and of the reasonable, responsible service of doing the good that accords with our evident nature. KFkairosfocus
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
07:46 AM
7
07
46
AM
PDT
Origenes @446 said:
At least to me it is quite clear that objective morality did not get its name because it exceptionaly well warranted.
I'm going to disagree here from the perspective of having read countless posts by KF in exchanges where I was trying to understand his perspective. KF's concept of morality is well-warranted under KF's system of warrant. That he also holds that it comes from an external source is a separate issue, IMO.William J Murray
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
07:40 AM
7
07
40
AM
PDT
WJM @441 Yes things seem to fit rather nicely. However when KF speaks of 'objective morality', it is clear that he speaks of a morality that does not come from the subject. Here objective morality is called "objective" because it comes to us from the outside — IOWs from the world of objects. At least to me it is quite clear that objective morality did not get its name because it exceptionaly well warranted.Origenes
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
07:04 AM
7
07
04
AM
PDT
The degree to which our sense of responsible, reliable access to reality has been systematically undermined is appalling and a terrible sign for our civilisation. Accordingly, F H Bradley:
We may agree, perhaps, to understand by metaphysics an attempt to know reality as against mere appearance, or the study of first principles or ultimate truths, or again the effort to comprehend the universe, not simply piecemeal or by fragments, but somehow as a whole [--> i.e. the focus of Metaphysics is critical studies of worldviews] . . . . The man who is ready to prove that metaphysical knowledge is wholly impossible . . . himself has, perhaps unknowingly, entered the arena . . . To say the reality is such that our knowledge cannot reach it, is a claim to know reality ; to urge that our knowledge is of a kind which must fail to transcend appearance, itself implies that transcendence. [--> this is the "ugly gulch" of the Kantians] For, if we had no idea of a beyond, we should assuredly not know how to talk about failure or success. And the test, by which we distinguish them, must obviously be some acquaintance with the nature of the goal. Nay, the would-be sceptic, who presses on us the contradictions of our thoughts, himself asserts dogmatically. For these contradictions might be ultimate and absolute truth, if the nature of the reality were not known to be otherwise . . . [such] objections . . . are themselves, however unwillingly, metaphysical views, and . . . a little acquaintance with the subject commonly serves to dispel [them]. [Appearance and Reality, 2nd Edn, 1897 (1916 printing), pp. 1 - 2; INTRODUCTION. At Web Archive.]
kairosfocus
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
07:01 AM
7
07
01
AM
PDT
WJM, warrant is towards reduced likelihood of error, a generally known challenge for subjectivity. There are relatively few things that can be warranted to utter certainty, and we can see that general discourse accepts things such as science ah having knowledge. So, reasonable warrant confers weak sense knowledge, which in some cases can go to an absolutely strong sense. The warrant is the pivot. KFkairosfocus
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
06:58 AM
6
06
58
AM
PDT
Origenes, your repeated denial does not change the fact. Enough has already been said to show that as our subjectivity is error prone we need adequate warrant to guide what we rely on, what is warranted towards credible reliable truth is objective. That warrant coming in many ways and degrees. For example the historical existence of Ghandi, Napoleon, Cicero, Jesus of Nazareth and Plato are well warranted and objective. KFkairosfocus
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
06:51 AM
6
06
51
AM
PDT
MNY, logic is the substance and study of sound reasoning, pivoting on the triple self-evident first principles, law of identity, non contradiction and excluded middle. As applied to knowledge it addresses the right functioning of faculties that warrant. As applied to Mathematics it is the core of the study of structure and quantity. As applied to right conduct, duty virtue etc it is that which allows us to discern first truths, the first duties and extend from such to particular contexts. We cannot avoid LOI and communicate coherently, e.g. using language, which pivots on distinct identity of symbols elaborated into linguistic structures. As such logic appears in all common discourse and the issue is how validly, soundly, cogently and correctly we reason. As to on the subjective, all that pases through our self aware agency passes through our being subjects, who are error prone. Logic is a key part of the faculties of warrant that provide objectivity, via successful warrant. Objectivity is therefore not the opposite of subjectivity, but speaks to what has successful warrant leading to credible but not necessarily perfect or incorrigible confidence in access to truth or at any rate reliability. This has already been shown, but it seems it cuts across your preferences. I note, in simple terms an average seven year old understands this. KFkairosfocus
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
06:46 AM
6
06
46
AM
PDT
Origenes said:
Maybe it means ‘credibility’.
That makes sense. KF has an epistemology of warrant; the more warranted something is via that epistemology, the more likely a statement can be regarded as "true" and/or "objective;" the less warrant, the more likely it is "error" and/or "subjective." How well-warranted a statement is = the statement's credibility.William J Murray
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
06:45 AM
6
06
45
AM
PDT
Kairosfocus @436
... it is warrant (which comes in many ways and degrees) that confers a corresponding degree of objectivity (...)
Still no clear definition of 'objectivity'. According to Kairosfocus, the term objectivity has not to do with objects, unlike the term subjectivity that certainly has to do with subjects. It is something that emerges in degrees corresponding with the amount of warrant — any type of warrant. Maybe it means 'credibility'.Origenes
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
06:31 AM
6
06
31
AM
PDT
@KF Your definitions of subjectivity and objectivity are not an answer to the question, what is the underlying logic used in common discourse with subjective statements, and objective statements? Therefore it is arbitrary imagination for being outside of that rule.mohammadnursyamsu
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
06:08 AM
6
06
08
AM
PDT
MNY, I have not arbitrarily imagined and imposed a definition out of thin air, I have given due context and rationale. KF PS: beauty is intelligible i/l/o principles of aesthetics, which still work despite the relativist, subjectivist, emotivist fashions of the day and imposition of cynically ugly architecture and pieces on us by those with power. See https://uncommondescent.com/culture/logic-first-principles-14-are-beauty-truth-knowledge-goodness-and-justice-merely-matters-of-subjective-opinions-preliminary-thoughts/kairosfocus
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
05:54 AM
5
05
54
AM
PDT
WJM, the conditions for first duties have to do with our being rational, responsible, significantly free creatures so neighbours, in a common world; your own objections etc depend on these to have any rhetorical leverage. Additionally, we owe duties among those as duties to ourselves given our dignity as creatures of that order. Beyond, lie duties to our creator, which are again for our own good. KFkairosfocus
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
05:52 AM
5
05
52
AM
PDT
Origenes, it is warrant (which comes in many ways and degrees) that confers a corresponding degree of objectivity to what we may perceive, sense, conceive, or otherwise process through our self aware conscious and even unconscious agency. Reality, is whatever states of affairs actually obtain and objectivity allows us to have a degree of confidence in reliable access to it. If one is crossing a street and a rushing bus blares the horn one jumps out of the way. KFkairosfocus
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
05:43 AM
5
05
43
AM
PDT
@KF, ORIGENES, WJM, QUERIUS, BA77 It is not allowed to just imagine the definition of subjectivity and objectivity. The definition of subjectivity and objectivity can be discovered by investigating what the underlying logic is in subjective statements, like to say a painting is beautiful, and objective statements, like to say there is a camel out the back. It must be that way because if there is a difference between the intellectual meaning of words, and the meaning as it is in common discourse, then that difference leaves people open to legitemate accusations of duplicity. They imply one thing is true in the common discourse they themselves use, and they say another thing is true intellectually, which means they are contradicting themselves, and therefore can be accused of lying.mohammadnursyamsu
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
05:33 AM
5
05
33
AM
PDT
Thank you WJM, As I understand it, Kairosfocus wants to divide statements into two types: 1. Subjective statements 2. Objective truths Subjective statements are only supported by the subject and since subjects are error-prone almost certainly false. Objective truths have support (warrant) from the external world of objects [independent from the subject], and, given that the warrant is ‘successful’, are almost certainly true. Enter the subjective statement “I exist”. Self-awareness has no support whatsoever from the world of objects [independent from the subject], yet it is undeniably true. A true subjective statement doesn’t sit well at all with Kairosfocus’ definitions of subjective and objective. He desperately does not want subjective statements to be true, he only wants objective statements to be true. So what does he do? He tries to mold the meaning of ‘objective’ in such a way that the most subjective statement ever produced in human history *I exist* can be called an ‘objective truth’.Origenes
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
05:04 AM
5
05
04
AM
PDT
KF said:
WJM, with all respect, pardon but I must note that your cognition is clearly going to be quite impaired by your admitted loss of sensitivity to truth (and refusal in that light to acknowledge self-evident duty to truth etc).
Duties cannot be self-evident because they are only evident in light of conditions necessary for a duty to exist. I don't know what you mean by "loss of sensitivity to truth," so I don't know if I admitted to that or not.
you continue to argue, on terms that for rhetorical effectiveness pivot on our recognition of our moral government through the Ciceronian first duties.
Nope. This is you attempting to mind-read me and judging my behavior through the lens of your particular ontology & epistemology, which you apparently cannot set aside even for a moment arguendo.
Accordingly, I further suggest that you go back to plumb line, self-evident first truths, as a naturally upright and straight plumb line will correct crooked yardsticks serving as false canons of uprightness, accuracy and straightness.
I have never left any actual self-evident truths behind. In fact, I've repeatedly referred to them to show how your argument fails. Such as: actual duties cannot be self-evident truths, because an actual duty only becomes evident by bringing to light the conditions (authority and consequences) that are necessary to establish a thing as a duty. It is you that have strayed from the plumb-line, KF, by insisting that something which cannot be self-evidently true is self-evidently true.William J Murray
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
04:30 AM
4
04
30
AM
PDT
KF @429
Kairosfocus: What is in our cognition, perception etc is in our subjective awareness, what is in addition successfully warranted is objective.
So, I take it you are saying that ‘successfully warranted’ is synonymous to ‘objective’. Thus by ‘objective truth’ you mean ‘successfully warranted truth’. Is that correct?Origenes
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
03:55 AM
3
03
55
AM
PDT
WJM: Can God not just use NPC automatons to fulfill those roles so that no actual self-aware conscious entity suffers eternal torment? That's an interesting idea, but the question remains why their God doesn't just snuff out any conscious entities that he is not ultimately satisfied with instead of making them suffer eternal torment. People who believe in this eternal torment idea can't explain why that disposition is necessary to their God. What function does it fulfill? Does he enjoy watching them suffer? Is he unable to snuff them out? Or what?ram
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
03:49 AM
3
03
49
AM
PDT
WJM, with all respect, pardon but I must note that your cognition is clearly going to be quite impaired by your admitted loss of sensitivity to truth (and refusal in that light to acknowledge self-evident duty to truth etc). Ironically, and manifesting key incoherence, you continue to argue, on terms that for rhetorical effectiveness pivot on our recognition of our moral government through the Ciceronian first duties. You too sit on the branch. I suggest, that the impairment will undermine your reflections on gospel and gospel ethics themes, as the apostles warned against 2,000 years ago. Indeed, we note their source, in His most famous sermon: "Mt 6: 22 “The eye is the lamp of the body. So, if your eye is healthy, your whole body will be full of light, 23 but if your eye is bad, your whole body will be full of darkness. If then the light in you is darkness, how great is the darkness!" I suggest, therefore, that your arguments and suggested conclusions are not as well founded as they may seem to you. Accordingly, I further suggest that you go back to plumb line, self-evident first truths, as a naturally upright and straight plumb line will correct crooked yardsticks serving as false canons of uprightness, accuracy and straightness. Hence, the emphasis on sound-conscience attested first truths regarding the first duties of reason. The law that is built in and governs our responsible, rational freedom. Such will not provide an exhaustive frame for comprehending all of reality but will provide a sound test for our yardsticks. KFkairosfocus
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
03:46 AM
3
03
46
AM
PDT
Origenes, au contraire, what objectivity is is quite clear once the issue of our error-proneness and need for successful warrant are on the table. Subjectivity and objectivity are not A and NOT-A, they deal with different aspects of our agency. As our awareness is error prone, we need warrant to have well founded confidence in credible truth and/or reliability. Warrant, as noted [with significant allusion to Plantinga] is the result of being "processed by faculties that are successfully aimed at truth and are working without undue impairment in macro and local environments conducive to their proper function; and of course pass[ing] the test." We commonly say seeing is believing, but there are limitations and illusions etc. Gettier beckons, and Plantinga addressed issues tied to what he raised. What is warranted successfully is objectively the case, with significant reliability, though utter certainty only obtains on relatively few cases; i.e. knowledge in the ordinary sense from day to day is provisional, e.g. Science. What is in our cognition, perception etc is in our subjective awareness, what is in addition successfully warranted is objective. Which we need, given our error-proneness and too often our resistance to correction of errors. KFkairosfocus
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
03:33 AM
3
03
33
AM
PDT
It's interesting that the Christians here refuse to address and engage the hard logical questions being posed. BTW, Origenes, excellent and tremendously important point about the absolute, irrefutable subjective nature of "I exist." That just made me laugh in delight. Well done.William J Murray
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
03:32 AM
3
03
32
AM
PDT
Querius @418:
Translation: You disagree with me, so you must be mentally deficient.
Nope. Not even close. When KF insists that I mean something other than what I directly tell him I mean literally dozens of times when it comes to my mental reality theory. He doesn't get to disagree with me about what my mental reality theory actually states; he doesn't get to insist that the consequences of MRT are what his reality paradigm dictates bases on the premises, ontology and epistemology of his perspective on reality. It is exactly like this: I'm trying to explain the game of football, and KF keeps telling me that running with the football without dribbling it is a violation of the rules of his game - basketball.
Origenes’ is a type of argument from ignorance as might be restated as, “I can easily design plants and animals far better than the ones in the world today.
I assume you meant me and not Origenes. You seem to be misunderstanding my argument and focusing on something that allows you to dismiss it rather than engage the point logically. LIke KF using an irrelevant point - whether or not I'm "credible" - to avoid engaging the logic of the questions I pose. Let me restate it: GIVEN the Christian God and this creation, why imbue all the hell-bound people with actual self-aware consciousness that would result in them suffering eternal torment? Can God not just use NPC automatons to fulfill those roles so that no actual self-aware conscious entity suffers eternal torment? It doesn't remove free will from any actual person; it doesn't change the fact that if the actual people made the wrong choice they would suffer that fate. The only thing it logically, necessarily changes is that when the outcome comes to pass, nobody is experiencing eternal suffering.William J Murray
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
03:14 AM
3
03
14
AM
PDT
Kairosfocus, it remains unclear to me what you mean with the term 'objective'.
Subjectivity is implied in and a part of our agency but warrant and the higher order warrant of the relevant faculty, lack of undue impairment and proper environment, are all involved in grounding the conclusion, objective truth.
Why do you say “objective truth”, rather than “truth”? What does “objective” mean when you say “objective truth”? Does it mean “true truth” or “warranted truth”? Please explain. And when you speak of “objectively warranted”, do you mean “really warranted” or perhaps “warranted warranted”?Origenes
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
03:09 AM
3
03
09
AM
PDT
Origenes, the significance of warrant as that which confers tested, credible truth to perceptions, judgements, beliefs etc through right reason, must be appreciated. Likewise, that while anything passing through our self-aware agency by that passes through our subjectivity, not everything in our subjectivity can or does pass responsible tests of warrant. I have repeatedly pointed out the matter of warrant, it is evident that your difficulty is with warrant. Something is warranted when it is processed by faculties that are successfully aimed at truth and are working without undue impairment in macro and local environments conducive to their proper function; and of course passes the test. Subjectivity is implied in and a part of our agency but warrant and the higher order warrant of the relevant faculty, lack of undue impairment and proper environment, are all involved in grounding the conclusion, objective truth. Insisting on objectivity is not a rejection or denigration of our agency and self-aware subjectivity but a matter of highlighting due diligence towards right reason, truth and prudence; something an average seven year old is aware of though may not be able to elaborate in detail to the satisfaction of internet hyperskeptics or those posing in the academy as founts of wisdom. That this has to be gone over again and again is a sign of just how far current education and thought leadership have betrayed our civilisation into mortal peril. KFkairosfocus
November 6, 2021
November
11
Nov
6
06
2021
02:52 AM
2
02
52
AM
PDT
1 4 5 6 7 8 21

Leave a Reply