Uncommon Descent Serving The Intelligent Design Community

We Have a Live One, Folks — Information Redux

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My first post on UD, a mere 6 weeks ago, covered some basic principles about information.

Specifically, I addressed the misunderstandings of those who deny that there is anything special about the information contained in, say, DNA, as opposed to a pile of rocks or Saturn’s rings.  We had a very productive discussion, with a number of issues explored.  (Incidentally, I used the word “contain” as a shorthand way of expressing what Mung suggested we call “sequences of symbols” that “represent information.”  I’m fine with that longer formulation, as we are saying the same thing substantively.  Any nuance there isn’t germane to the point of today’s brief post.)

As we were winding up the thread, Mung asked if I had any sources of people who espoused the “information everywhere” view.  Unfortunately, I haven’t kept track of all the times I’ve heard this issue, though a number of other commenters on the thread indicated they had been exposed to similar claims from the anti-ID side.

Well, fast forward to today.  On vjtorley’s recent thread about RNA, the issue of information content came up.

Evolve claimed to Upright Biped, in part:

Your mud is nothing but a collection of molecules. So is life. Your mud has chemistry, so does life. How did inanimate chemistry (found in mud) transform into biochemistry (found in life) is all that needs to be figured out.

To which I responded, in part:

False. Blatantly, patently, utterly false.

Life is most certainly not “nothing but a collection of molecules.”

Evolve also asserted:

Creationists are likening biochemistry (which is perceived as information in life) to man-made codes like computer software and language. They, as a group, seem incapable of realizing that computer software and human language lack any chemistry whatsoever!

To which I responded:

No-one has to pretend that they perceive information in life. It is there. Objectively so. And things like the genetic code were not made up by creationists. It is called a code because it is one.

As to your last sentence, you are demonstrating that you have virtually no grasp of the issues at hand. The question is not whether chemistry is involved. Everyone knows it is. Everyone (who has any understanding of what they are talking about) also knows that simple “chemistry” on its own explains neither the origin of life nor its ongoing existence. Surely you are not really taking the position that information and coding cannot be placed into biochemical strings because we are dealing with “chemistry”?

After a day passed, I wondered if Evolve would recognize he was going down a bad path and quietly back down.

Unfortunately, unwilling to follow the time-honored advice — “If you find you’ve dug yourself into a hole, stop digging.” — Evolve stepped up with another shovel full this afternoon:

If there’s information in life, then there’s information in dissolving salt in a glass of water! It’s all chemistry, Eric. And chemical reactions happen spontaneously on their own as you witness every second.

One molecule reacts with another molecule under certain conditions to make a product. Done. That’s it.

So there you have it.  It’s all just chemistry.  One molecule reacts with another and, ta-da!, life as we know it.  Nothing to explain here.  No information to see.  Move along folks.

A live example of utter failure to appreciate what is going on in living systems.  A refusal to acknowledge the gaping information chasm that separates any old “collection of molecules” from something like DNA.  A claim that if there is information in DNA, then there is also information in “dissolving salt in a glass of water,” because, hey, “it’s all chemistry.”

Mung, you can add this to your reference list.

Evolve, I apologize if this is coming across too harshly.  If you are genuinely interested in this issue, please read the prior thread in detail and think through the question of why researchers across the spectrum acknowledge that information is one of the keys to life — something that makes a fundamental difference between a living cell and salt dissolving in water.

Comments
The association of the tRNA with aaRS determines the amino acid as I said. The chemical evolution that occurred would explain the why these molecules associate in our cells now, an ultimately arbitrary decision, driven by chemical interactions that occurred in early cells.AVS
May 8, 2014
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Correct. The relationship is established in spatial and temporal isolation by the protein aaRS. So, there is a physical discontinuity between the nucleic pattern and the amino acid, which is contingent on the structure of the protein aaRS. Therefore, there is nothing about the pattern that determines the amino acid, and consequently, chemistry cannot explain the association. It can only explain the operation of the system with the association in place.Upright BiPed
May 7, 2014
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But there is a relationship. You just explained it. The amino acid is associated with the aaRS, which associates with tRNA, which associates with mRNA. This relationship is the product of the evolution of these molecules.AVS
May 7, 2014
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AVS, is there an inexorable chemical relationship between pattern GCA and alanine, or is it a contingent relationship?Upright BiPed
May 7, 2014
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The base pairing that enables transcription between nucleotides does not establish a relationship to alanine. That relationship is established by the protein aaRS before the transfer RNA ever enters the ribosome. Are you saying that in order for translation to be obtained, the system requires a second arrangement of matter to translate it? Is that because there is no inexorable relationship?Upright BiPed
May 7, 2014
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It's related by another nucleic pattern, bound to alanine, that has a specific sequence that associates with that GCA. Do you have a point?AVS
May 7, 2014
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There is nothing you can do to the nucleic pattern GCA to relate it to Alanine, except translate it. Which is what the cell does.Upright BiPed
May 7, 2014
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And what is this chemical discontinuity exactly, Upright?AVS
May 7, 2014
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The transcription and translation processes are entirely based on chemistry.
No one assumes anything else. This is a strawman, plain and simple.
Can you explain why functional sequence specific DNA cannot be reduced to chemistry
Because there is a chemical discontinuity between the nucleic medium and the amino acid effect that must be preserved in order for translation to be obtained.Upright BiPed
May 7, 2014
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Yeah, because you're not throwing personal attacks around or anything. Right little Joey? At least mine are funny. =)AVS
May 7, 2014
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I explained how the process of translation is completely determined by chemistry, as is each and every other process. The sequence specific function of DNA is determined by the end product of its expression. The expression of DNA is entirely dependent on chemistry, including the process of translation as I just mentioned.AVS
May 7, 2014
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Chemistry didit! I'm a zombie. How's life in the septic tank? When the bluffing fails there is always personal attacks, eh AVS...Joe
May 7, 2014
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You choked on translation by not providing any evidence to support your trope. And now you are spewing bald assertions wrt transcription, proof-reading, error-correction, processing, editing and splicing. Why isn't functional sequence specific DNA reducible to chemistry? Because no one can demonstrate such a thing and no one even knows where to start. No model, nothing.Joe
May 7, 2014
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I've already choked on translation? How exactly? By design! Chemistry didn't do it! I like turtles! How is life in the psych ward? The transcription and translation processes are entirely based on chemistry. Can you explain why functional sequence specific DNA cannot be reduced to chemistry or are you just parroting what your friends say?AVS
May 7, 2014
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I picked specific examples AVS- you have already choked on translation. And I know how research is done- you are the ignorant one here. All you have is your bald assertions and nothing else. Yes the two processes are linked to ATP synthase- by design. Chemistry didn't do it. The mere existence of functional sequence specific DNA cannot be reduced to chemistry. Add that to the list. You are nothing but a bluffing loser.Joe
May 7, 2014
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As I said Joe, pick on specific example and I will explain the basic chemistry behind the process. I'm not going to write a book on here for you. You have no idea how research is done Joe, you should stop talking about it. And yes, the two processes are completely different, but they are linked by the ATP synthase molecule. This protein links these two different processes together, allowing you to explain their linkage completely through chemistry. If you really don't think that is how all the processes in a cell work then you really are clueless. Name any process in the cell and I will explain to you how it relies on "blind and mindless molecule recognizes another out of all the messiness in the cell."AVS
May 7, 2014
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AVS:
Joe, “So a blind and mindless molecule recognizes another out of all the messiness in the cell.” Actually, that is exactly how every single process in the cell works Joe.
Actually yours is just a bald assertion, AVS. So stuff it.Joe
May 7, 2014
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AVS- You cannot support your claim that all the processes in the cell can be explained through chemistry. You have already choked on translation and transcription, with proof-reading, error-correction, processing, editing and splicing is also unexplained via chemistry alone. As for the ribosomes, well if you were the scientist doing the work I would say the ribosomes were not assembled correctly. However the scientists who did it were far more competent than you are. And I am not basing my assessment of ATP synthase on that paper alone. The two processes are unrelated from a physiochemical PoV. What does the flow of protons down a electrochemical gradient have to do with adding inorganic phosphate to ADP?Joe
May 7, 2014
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Is it possible that these ribosomes are not assembled correctly? You do realize that the ribosome is not a simple molecule right? You have no idea how hard it would be to mimic the steps of its assembly and make sure that replacing parts of it can alter its function. And for ATP synthase, I think you are misinterpreting the quote. Yes they are two very different processes, but they are linked by the ATP synthase molecule itself. The F0 subunit links electrochemical potential to F1 subunit ATP synthesis. I can support all my claims. Pick one example specifically that you think I cannot do so.AVS
May 7, 2014
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AVS, Please let us know when you can support your claim that all the processes in the cell can be explained through chemistry. THAT is how science works.Joe
May 7, 2014
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AVS- All you have is your assertion. If you had some actual evidence we wouldn't be having this discussion. Only a gullible choir member would even think that what goes on inside a cell just happens as a matter of physical and chemical processes. Artificial ribosomes, which have the same chemical and physical components and reactions as natural ribosomes, don't function. And if we just replace part of a natural ribosome with artificial parts, it barely functions. As for ATP synthase I already said I was wrong and it was NOT referring to the subunits. It may not even apply at all. However it is a fact that the two processes, the one performed by the two processes are unrelated from a physiochemical standpoint.Joe
May 7, 2014
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EA, just skimming your post, but most of your questions can actually be answered through chemistry. You simply do not understand the chemistry that goes on in our cells. Throughout animal development there are many signaling molecules that alter gene transcription and lay out the basic body plan, from which more and more specialize structures form. This is all based on the chemistry of receptor/substrate interactions and the subsequent biochemical effects that take place. As for the cell types, olfaction it self is completely based on the binding of a specific chemical to receptor, and activation of that cell. Mucus cleansing is done by beating cilia which are controlled by chemical interactions between dynein, microtubules, and ATP. I could go on and on. Asking how these systems evolved is even more complex, but I assure you, they can all be explained entirely through chemistry. Let me know if you guys come up with one thing that cannot be entirely explained through chemistry. Mung, when I say ALL processes, I mean exactly that. ALL processes. If you can name one, then go for it. TJ, I did not deny the existence of information or organization in the cell. I did argue that there is much less of a degree of organization than most think. Joe, “So a blind and mindless molecule recognizes another out of all the messiness in the cell.” Actually, that is exactly how every single process in the cell works Joe. The fact that you don’t realize this shows that you really have no clue when it comes to molecular biology. Also your quote is referring to the different physico-chemical events in (1) the ATP synthase molecule as a whole and (2)the electrochemical potential formed by a difference in the hydrogen ion gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. After all Mitchell is the guy who popularized the chemiosmotic hypothesis. The quote is not saying that the “the processes of the subunits that are unrelated from a purely physiochemical stand point” as you would lead us to believe because it is not talking about the F0 and F1 subunits themselves as you originally brought up. You should really think about your arguments and what you say before typing them up. Just another example of you having no idea what you are talking about.AVS
May 7, 2014
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OMG JOE! Great one. To recognize implies cognizance. Materialists are betrayed by their own words! Not sure yet though what trolls are betrayed by :)Mung
May 6, 2014
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Regarding complexity and organization . . . I think most of us are on the same page, but just to be clear, the question is not complexity itself. The issue is specified complexity. Also, we need to be cautious about the word "organization." I think some people use it to mean a complex functioning (meaning complex specified) process or system. That is probably OK. However, many people (particularly those unfamiliar with ID) confuse it with the idea of mere "order". Order, of course, has very little to do with what we are interested in for purposes of the design inference. As a result, when debating someone, it is important to pin them down on whether they are talking about functional "organization" or mere "order." Sometimes it is easier to avoid using the word "organization" in order to avoid confusion and just stick with "specified complexity" or "functional complexity," etc. Thanks again, everyone, for all the great comments.Eric Anderson
May 6, 2014
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AVS:
Joe, the aaRS recognizes certain differences in the tRNA molecule and catalyzes amino acid addition.
So a blind and mindless molecule recognizes another out of all the messiness in the cell. You will believe anything. Transcription, proof-reading, error-correction, editing and splicing all require knowledge. Knoweldge that blind and mindless molecules do not have. According to you all of that "just happens" as a matter of some chemical thing. Well, maybe someday you will have some evidence to back that up. BTW AVS, this is a fact: “it is the processes of the subunits that are unrelated from a purely physiochemical stand point”: Emergent collective properties, networks, and information in biology, page 23:
In the same vein, ATP synthesis in mitochondria can be conceived of and explained only because there is a coupling between ATP-synthase, the enzyme responsible for ATP synthesis, and the electrochemical potential. Hence ATP synthesis emerges out of this coupling. The activity of ATP-synthase alone could have in no way explained ATP synthesis. It is the merit of Mitchell, to have shown that it is precisely the interaction between two different physico-chemical events that generates this novel remarkable property. (italics in original)
Joe
May 6, 2014
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This debate reminds me of the C.S. Lewis book The Screwtape Letters in which a senior demon, Wormwood, is trying to explain to a junior demon how to continually confuse mankind about the nature of God. At one point, Wormwood tells the junior demon to impress upon man “the ordinariness of things” because once you start really looking–at anything, be it a cell, the ocean, or the galaxy–the complexity is there. And then the questions of how it got there begin.
So true. They deny: * the uniqueness of man * the uniqueness of life itself * the uniqueness of our universe and planet * that our planet is actually in a unique place in space None of it is any big deal! They would rather believe in a Multiverse than admit our earth and universe is special! They lust for a universe teeming with life and are happy to accept this groundless belief simply to avoid the conclusion that would be unavoidable if it were actually special and unique. Again, we are all responsible for our own choices and beliefs!tjguy
May 6, 2014
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AVS says:
As I said Barb, ... The scientists you quoted were speaking about complexity, not organization. Everything you say is based on the idea that complexity and organization is the same thing. They are not.
Well, if you say so, AVS, it must be true! Forgive us for questioning you. AVS is clever. He jumps into the conversation, makes a bunch of unverifiable claims, assumes anyone who questions his ideas is simply too stupid or uneducated to understand, and then runs away without ever defending his views with real evidence. That way he thinks he can come across as intellectually superior, hide the fact that he can't back up his views, and leave feeling good about himself. We are each responsible for our own beliefs and choices. These beliefs have an impact on both our current life as well as on our future life, both here in this world and in the one to come. I think it is absolutely incredible that anyone can honestly deny the existence of information and organization in the cell in light of our current knowledge of the cell! It takes a believer in abiogenesis to believe that. To me, it shows the difficult position they r in. Denial of information seems to be their only option no matter foolish it may see. Why? Well, since they can't explain it, they are forced to deny it. Impressed anyone?tjguy
May 6, 2014
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AVS continues,
As I said barb, I never argued against complexity. This does not argue for organization though.
I think the two are related. You have to have some degree of organization to have complexity in an organism.
The scientists you quoted were speaking about complexity, not organization.
They were both speaking about organization. Further proof that you don't bother to read the posts you respond to.
Everything you say is based on the idea that complexity and organization is the same thing. They are not.
But they are related, as everyone else here knows. Except you. This debate reminds me of the C.S. Lewis book The Screwtape Letters in which a senior demon, Wormwood, is trying to explain to a junior demon how to continually confuse mankind about the nature of God. At one point, Wormwood tells the junior demon to impress upon man "the ordinariness of things" because once you start really looking--at anything, be it a cell, the ocean, or the galaxy--the complexity is there. And then the questions of how it got there begin.Barb
May 5, 2014
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AVS:
Like I said, the chemical relationship between codon and amino acid is represented by the tRNA molecule.
lol.Mung
May 5, 2014
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AVS:
As I said, ALL processes are explained through chemistry. Feel free to name one that isn’t.
I could name one. But maybe when you say ALL processes are explained through chemistry you don't really mean ALL. Maybe what you really mean is SOME. So you'd just squirm out and claim you didn't mean ALL processes are explained through chemistry but only that SOME processes are explained through chemistry. In which case your entire argument is just so much ad hoc extemporizing.Mung
May 5, 2014
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