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The Principle of “Methodological Counterintuitiveness”

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I recently posted on op-ed in which I described that the concern in the 1970s was not global warming but global cooling (go here). Critics of that piece are now claiming that I’m misrepresenting the fabulous 70s and that “science” back then was not in fact claiming that the earth was cooling. I recall seeing cited some literature on global cooling from that time, so I wrote the op-ed from memory. I since went to that trusted source — Wikipedia — and looked up the article on “global cooling.” It begins (go here):

Global cooling was a conjecture during the 1970s of imminent cooling of the Earth’s surface and atmosphere along with a posited commencement of glaciation. This hypothesis never had significant scientific support, but gained temporary popular attention due to a combination of press reports that did not accurately reflect the scientific understanding of ice age cycles, and a slight downward trend of temperatures from the 1940s to the early 1970s.

I draw your attention to the last clause: there was “a slight downward trend of temperatures from the 1940s to the early 1970s.” One would think that this would constitute “scientific evidence” for global cooling. But no, foolish unwashed masses, that just betrays your lack of understanding about how science works. What allows scientists to line their pockets with our tax dollars is that science must, perforce, tell us things that we can’t figure out on our own. In particular, what makes science science is its counterintuitiveness. Sure, a three decade cooling trend would get naive coke-swilling masses to think that the earth is cooling. But the Principle of Methodological Counterintuitiveness tells us that this just means that the earth is getting warmer.

This principle applies quite widely. The fossil record betrays a huge scarcity of transitional forms (Stephen Jay Gould called this the “trade secret” of paleontology). But does that mean that organisms didn’t evolve gradually in Darwin’s great tree of life. Of course not. Precisely because Darwin’s theory is counterintuitive, it is “good science.” In fact, what makes Darwin the greatest scientist of all time is that he proposed the most counterintuitive theory of all time (a corollary of the Principle of Methodological Counterintuitiveness is that the greatness of a scientist is in direct proportion to the counterintuitiveness of his/her theories). Note that this is a methodological principle — we make it a method of science to look for the most counterintuitive theory and then baptize it as “science.”

Some indicators continue to show the earth cooling (my home town Chicago is having the coldest summer in 65 years). Does that show the earth is cooling? Silly you, of course not. According to the Principle of Methodological Counterintuitiveness, that just shows it’s warming. Cells exhibit nano-engineering of a degree that far surpasses our best technology. Does that mean that they might be designed? Of course not, you naive burger-munching rubes. It means that they are the result of blind material forces. In this year of Darwin, let us dedicate this articulation of the Principle of Methodological Counterintuitiveness to his memory.

Comments
I can’t think of anyone who would say that past global cooling is counter-intuitive evidence for current global warming. More than anything, what climatologists say is that past global cooling is simply not enough to discount the evidence for current warming, and this is being misheard as a positive argument of the former leading to the latter. It was even more counter-intuitive than that, the latter/warming was going to lead to the former/cooling. E.g. (New Ice Age by 1995? By Larry Ephron The New York Times; Jul. 1988, pg. A16) 1995 came and went with no new Ice Age, yet the mythology of global warming continues because it is unfalsifiable. As a form of pseudo-science it predicts everything, therefore it predicts nothing. See also: (Scientists Suggest Global Warming Could Hasten the Next Ice Age By William K. Stevens The New York Times; Jan. 21, 1992 pg. C4) (Scientists Ask Why World Climate Is Changing: Major Cooling May Be Ahead by Walter Sullivan The New York Times; May 21, 1975, pg. 45) (Science, Worrying About a New Ice Age by Walter Sullivan The New York Times; Feb 23, 1969, pg. E10) (Get Out the Ear Muffs: New Ice Age Forecast The New York Times; Nov. 11, 1956, pg. 40) An increase in the size and power of the State tends to be accompanied by an increase in pseudo-science (e.g. the link between eugenics and fascism) because everything must be made into an issue of science when science is the only public language allowed. I.e. when philosophy and religion are separated from public life all that is left is science but unfortunately science that is uninformed by philosophy and religion quickly degenerates into pseudo-science.mynym
July 30, 2009
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PaulT:
Only stupid people choke on food?
Have you ever heard of any other animals choking on their food? I bet if you find an example it is because they bit off more than they could chew- which is stupid. Could there be a case in which a person chokes on his/ her food in which that person wasn't acting stupidly? Could be.Joseph
July 30, 2009
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“What is the data which demonstrates completely separate pathways is a better idea?” MeganC:
Not dying by choking. Do you want me to draw you a picture?
IOW you don't have any data just your wishful thinking. Ya see yopu don't know what other problems that may cause. You have no idea. “Also if people are stupid enough to choke on their food I say it is time to remove them from the gene-pool.”
All those “nonsensical” children deserve it.
What children? Do you have any data? “As for the nervous system going way back in evolution, well there isn’t any data to support that premise.”
Yes, all life prior to the discovery of the nervous system in 1842 lacked said nervous system.
I would say that you believe that nonsense. “It is very counter-intuitive that an accumulation of genetic accidents can put together a nervous system.”
Why would you propose such an accumulation? The nervous system makes perfect sense in terms of evolution.
I propose such an accumulation because that is what the theory of evolution proposes. Also there isn't any daya which demonstrates a nervous system can arise in a population that never had one. IOW there isn't any data to support your claim.Joseph
July 30, 2009
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Diffaxial, I have already told you there isn't a quote. Scientists are not thta stupid. However there is a trend.Joseph
July 30, 2009
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KF @ 74:
I am giving the underlying context: a priorism, leading to closed mindedness.
What you are not giving, nor is anyone else, is a link to or quote of a scientist claiming that a violation of our intuitions in an of itself counts as evidence for the correctness of a theory.Diffaxial
July 30, 2009
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PS: This, on sub-optimisation, is very relevant: _______________ When you try to optimize the global outcome for a system consisting of distinct subsystems (e.g. maximizing the amount of prey hunted for a pack of wolves, or minimizing the total punishment for the system consisting of the two prisoners in the Prisoners' Dilemma game), you might try to do this by optimizing the result for each of the subsystems separately. This is called "suboptimization". The principle of suboptimization states that suboptimization in general does not lead to global optimization. Indeed, the optimization for each of the wolves separately is to let the others do the hunting, and then come to eat from their captures. Yet if all wolves would act like that, no prey would ever be captured and all wolves would starve. Similarly, the suboptimization for each of the prisoners separately is to betray the other one, but this leads to both of them being punished rather severely, whereas they might have escaped with a mild punishment if they had stayed silent. The principle of suboptimization can be derived from the more basic systemic principle stating that "the whole is more than the sum of its parts". If the system (e.g. the wolf pack) would be a simple sum or "aggregate" of its parts, then the outcome for the system as a whole (total prey killed) would be a sum of the outcomes for the parts (prey killed by each wolf separately), but that is clearly not the case when there is interaction (and in particular cooperation) between the parts. Indeed, a pack of wolves together can kill animals (e.g. a moose or a deer), that are too big to be killed by any wolf in separation. Another way of expressing this aspect of "non-linearity" is to say that the interaction the different wolves are engaged in is a non zero-sum game, that is, the sum of resources that can be gained is not constant, and depends on the specific interactions between the wolves. _______________ In short understanding of how a situation works is very important to accurate evaluation, and when there is interdependence and inte4raction, functionality is often a subtle synergistic outcome, not a direct and obvious consequence. All of which very directly points to the problems of imposed Lewontinian censorship on origins science today. (And while "everyone" is admiring the Emperor's fine new suit of clothes, the little kid who is too "simple" to join in the game may be right when he tugs at the sleeve and says: "but, he's naked!" Right now evolutionary materialism's clothing choices look decidedly odd to us the "uninitiated.")kairosfocus
July 30, 2009
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Cabal: In optimisation, one maximises or minimises an objective function, subject to situational constraints. Thus, optimisation is often subject to sensitivity to drift of circumstances or to contingencies. (Hence the importance of post optimisation sensitivity analysis in real world praxis and decision-making: a brittle optimum that is easily broken is a serious danger, not a good solution.) Wise designers and decision makers therefore far more often seek ROBUST designs that will give good or adequate performance in a range of more or less likely circumstances, than trying to get peak performance under one circumstance at the cost of being vulnerable to drift of circumstances or contingencies. (There is also the issue of sub-optimisation, by which individual aspects are optimised for their own performance peaks, often at the cost of overall loss of performance. One of the key problems with group think among decision makers is that failure to factor in diverse perspectives leads to loss of contact with the range of credible contingencies.) In short, real world designs have to address issues of flexibility and trade-offs. Not to mention, realism of objectives and analysis of context including contingencies. So, what is optimal depends on what you are trying to achieve, and the likely patterns of circumstances you will face. And, a simplistic look at one aspect of a situation can mislead you to the conclusion that he system as a whole is a hopeless failure, because some aspect or another is not optimal in your eyes. [NB: The above is also very relevant to todays tendency to shoot off scattershot hyperskeptical objections and claim that perceived want of perfection in one aspect or another is tantamount to "abject failure." Far better is the more robust approach of comparative difficulties across live option alternatives; seeking the best on balance.] GEM of TKIkairosfocus
July 30, 2009
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My intuition says a designer worth his salt would strive to optimize his designs and avoid obviously bad designs. it is only by restoring to counterintuitiveness I arrive at the correct answer: We should expect both good and bad designs if ID is true. Am I to understand that Dembski's argument means that counterintution also is why the evolutionists make that claim for evolution too?Cabal
July 30, 2009
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This dual purpose provides maximum function in minimal space. It also minimizes the probability of embryological failure (fewer structures = less chance of failure).
Are you saying that the Designer is concerned about the quality of his design? How do you know? According to Cornelius Hunter, we do not, cannot know. Here, Hunter, ridicule arguments about how bad design makes sense in evolution because evolution accommodate all kinds of design, good, bad and everything in between: http://darwins-god.blogspot.com/2009/07/is-jerry-coyne-liar-or-just-in-denial.html
It may sound similar, but Coyne's redaction is a not too subtle attempt to hide the metaphysics. Dobzhansky's message was that imperfections make no sense except in evolution. That is, imperfections make no sense in divine creation. Coyne inverts the message to say that imperfect designs make sense in evolution. Of course, but so what? So do perfect designs, and everything in between. All these make sense in evolution just as my bad day yesterday makes sense in astrology and warp drive makes sense in science fiction movies.
Cabal
July 30, 2009
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cirus, Separate pathways for breathing and eating do not mean that the nasal system is removed. Why did you assume it was? Are we not talking about intelligent design here? "I will continue to elaborate on the physiology of the combined system in further posts because I have seen the assertion that separate respiratory/digestive tracts would be a better design numerous times on UD." I anxiously await your elaborations... Joseph, "What is the data which demonstrates completely separate pathways is a better idea?" Not dying by choking. Do you want me to draw you a picture? "Also if people are stupid enough to choke on their food I say it is time to remove them from the gene-pool." All those "nonsensical" children deserve it. "As for the nervous system going way back in evolution, well there isn’t any data to support that premise." Yes, all life prior to the discovery of the nervous system in 1842 lacked said nervous system. "It is very counter-intuitive that an accumulation of genetic accidents can put together a nervous system." Why would you propose such an accumulation? The nervous system makes perfect sense in terms of evolution.MeganC
July 30, 2009
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Diff: I am giving the underlying context: a priorism, leading to closed mindedness. As a result, counter-evidence is explained away and reasonable alternative explanations are disqualified from taking the field. Nakashima-san is right on the importance of epistemic humility in light of the provisionality of science. But,sadly, that is too often being subverted in our day. GEM of TKIkairosfocus
July 29, 2009
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Diffaxial, Hyperbole? Where? Al Gores 20 room mansion? True Al Gores 20x elec usage than avg people? True Al Gores yacht? True Al Gores flying around in private jets spewing forth millions of tons across the world of greenhouse gases? True. I provided the link for everyone to see. Your short, false accusations are nothing but weak attempts to smear my comments. OK, from the link above: Al Gores house:
HOUSE # 1: A 20-room mansion (not including 8 bathrooms) heated by natural gas. Add on a pool (and a pool house) and a separate guest house all heated by gas. In ONE MONTH ALONE this mansion consumes more energy than the average American household in an ENTIRE YEAR. The average bill for electricity and natural gas runs over USD 2,400.00 per month. In natural gas alone (which last time we checked was a fossil fuel), this property consumes more than 20 times the national average for an American home. This house is not in a northern or Midwestern "snow belt," either. It's in the South. HOUSE # 2: Designed by an architecture professor at a leading national university, this house incorporates every "green" feature current home construction can provide. The house contains only 4,000 square feet (4 bedrooms) and is nestled on arid high prairie in the American southwest. A central closet in the house holds geothermal heat pumps drawing ground water through pipes sunk 300 feet into the ground. The water (usually 67 degrees F) heats the house in winter and cools it in summer. The system uses no fossil fuels such as oil or natural gas, and it consumes 25% of the electricity required for a conventional heating/cooling system. Rainwater from the roof is collected and funneled into a 25,000 gallon underground cistern. Wastewater from showers, sinks and toilets goes into underground purifying tanks and then into the cistern. The collected water then irrigates the land surrounding the house. Flowers and shrubs native to the area blend the property into the surrounding rural landscape. HOUSE # 1 (20 room energy guzzling mansion) is outside of Nashville, Tennessee. It is the abode of that renowned environmentalist (and filmmaker) Al Gore. HOUSE # 2 (model eco-friendly house) is on a ranch near Crawford, Texas. Also known as "the Texas White House," it is the private residence of the President of the United States, George W. Bush. So whose house is gentler on the environment? Yet another story you WON'T hear on CNN, CBS, ABC, NBC, MSNBC or read about in the New York Times or the Washington Post. Indeed, for Mr. Gore, it's truly "an inconvenient truth."
Hyperbole? Nah, Al Gore - Hypocrite, Yeah. Bush? Before he became President he built an environmental home in Crawford: This is going to be the permanent residence of the Bushes, the question is just when. Incorporated into the design of the home are many unique “Environmentally Friendly” features. Aside from the Grey and Black Water Recycling and Irrigation Systems, the home features Geothermal Heating, Active and Passive Solar Energy, and a rainwater collection system with a 40,000 gallon underground cistern. The purpose of the cistern and a separate Grey water system is for surface irrigation of fruit trees. That was before 2001. Yet for seven years Al Gore did nothing to his home and only after scrutiny, after he produced his fictional movie did he bother to change his enormous energy guzzling house using natural gas. Some people deomnize others and talk a lotta hot air, pointing fingers while living the same life of luxury they vehemently denounce. Others quietly do the right thing.DATCG
July 29, 2009
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Kris_censored, Is your comment referring to Cirus two posts? If so, they are hardly just-so stories. Rather, they are a rational, logical analysis of the structure of biological systems. Is this perhaps that's why you neglected to reply to any one of Circus' points regarding the advantages of a combined respiratory/digestive tract system?Oramus
July 29, 2009
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RE: Choking (or How Can We Make Choking Look Like Good Design) I love how "just so stories" are considered ridiculous in the context of evolution, but are considered powerful arguments in the context of ID.KRiS_Censored
July 29, 2009
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DATCG @ 66:
I said I laughed and you call laughter bitter?... LOL… all I can do is laugh at such phony assertions. LOL=Laugh out loud for your information Diffaxial, not bitterness...well not only do I laugh, but I expose them and fight against them when they are wrong and begin invading the private lives of people as if they themselves are gods on this earth.
Clearly, I'm talking to a man who has laughed in the face of death, sneered at doom and chuckled at catastrophe. But have you posted quotes of, or links to, scientists making the claim that counterintuitive results lend credibility to scientific findings?Diffaxial
July 29, 2009
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Atom @62
Good post. Someone else also mentioned that each bodily orifice presents an entry point for bacteria and other toxins - the more entry points, the more possibilities of infection. So I’d add that to your already impressive list of design principles underlying the combined pathway.
The combined digestive/respiratory system has incredible properties far beyond anything listed in this comments section. Here is a brief list: Language and Digestion The same organs that provide humans with the ability to masticate and swallow (teeth, tongue, and jaw muscles) also provide us with the ability to form sounds to communicate. This dual purpose provides maximum function in minimal space. It also minimizes the probability of embryological failure (fewer structures = less chance of failure). Immune Surveillance Air and food are common methods of pathogen exposure. By combining the surveillance for both systems in the pharynx the amount of resources required for protection is reduced and the chances of quickly identifying a repeat pathogen are increased. Embryological Development Redundancy for a separate respiratory/digestive tract would require an additional orifice in the face which in turn would allow another entry for infection and provide another way for embryological development to fail (aplasia, cleft lip/palate). It would also require blood vessel and nerve support which would require the entire development and innervation of the pharyngeal arches to change as well as rerouting several cranial nerves.cirus
July 29, 2009
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To condense what I wrote last: no one says "It's cold in Chicago! Why, that's global warming too!!1omg!" What they say is that the coldness in Chicago fits just fine with the larger picture of the Earth's climate, which just so happens to be in a warming trend. They don't argue that Chicago cooling is proof of global warming. (That said, cooling somewhere might be considered evidence — for example, the ocean near the polar caps, as they receive freshly melted glacier water. But that evidence would be used with a host of other data, and blah blah I'm kinda regretting even talking about climate on a forum all about the totally-unrelated science of ID, oh well.)Lenoxus
July 29, 2009
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Regarding the comments here about global warming, I would like to subit a parallel request to Diffaxial's. Could anyone point to a scientist asserting that the 1940s-70s cooling period itself constitutes evidence for contemporary global warming? I think many of them would say that that period fits well with our overall understanding of geologically recent climatological trends. I think many would say that global warming in modern climate change is currently happening despite past global cooling. I can't think of anyone who would say that past global cooling is counter-intuitive evidence for current global warming. More than anything, what climatologists say is that past global cooling is simply not enough to discount the evidence for current warming, and this is being misheard as a positive argument of the former leading to the latter.Lenoxus
July 29, 2009
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Joseph at 56:
Also if people are stupid enough to choke on their food I say it is time to remove them from the gene-pool.
Typical Darwinist wanting to remove those he thinks are defective from the gene pool. Expelled laid bare the agenda of people like you. And now, with your own words, you can no longer deny it.crater
July 29, 2009
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Diffaxial, It is people like you that are bitter zealots who cling to an outdated world. I've seen many of your snide remarks here before. I said I laughed and you call laughter bitter? Thanks for proving Demski correct about the counterintuitive thought process of people like you. LOL... all I can do is laugh at such phony assertions. LOL=Laugh out loud for your information Diffaxial, not bitterness. Please show the bitter comments I made. Was is sarcastic? Yes. Laughter at global warming zealots? Yes. Factual evidence of hypocrisy by the global warming cult leaders? Yes. You see, in order to feel bitter on this point of discussion I have to feel as if I've been personally wronged by you or someone else in life regarding this issue to the point of some irreversible feelings. I grew up thinking like you Diffaxial, believing like you, on the left, in fact I cheered leftist causes most of my life. Then I grew up and became an adult :) Smile, heh, get it? Joke? Or do you want to spin false assertions again? I have not been wronged by you. Though we all eventually in life do experience times of being abused or wrongly accused by others, I learned long ago to forgive and move on. And as to some of the malarky being spread by the zealots and profiteers... well not only do I laugh, but I expose them and fight against them when they are wrong and begin invading the private lives of people as if they themselves are gods on this earth. But follow them all you like if it makes you happy.DATCG
July 29, 2009
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Re bornagain77's link: Isn't that finding rather counterinuitive? I mean, on the surface, all vaccination is. How on earth could a little dose of a disease help fight the same disease? What biological fairy tale is this? Yet for some reason, immunologists assert it can and does. Perhaps they think that if an idea makes no sense, it's true. ;)Lenoxus
July 29, 2009
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specs, "Of course, Seattle is in the middle of a heat wave and areas of Texas are in the middle of a scorching drought." thanks for proving that climate is still not well understood as weather patterns roll around the earth from region to region. All time lows are broken in this country last winter, record snow falls, etc., but hey... we're still in global warming.DATCG
July 29, 2009
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While Bill may be exaggerating a little for effect, I believe it is true that not only some scientists, but some intellectuals in non-scientific fields, do fall prey to the temptation to make counter-intuitive conclusions just to separate themselves from the uneducation masses. How else to explain why in the 60s and 70s, when East Germany was building walls to keep their population from fleeing to West Germany, while North Koreans were starving and South Korean were prospering, and while thousands of Cubans risked their lives to flee to the US, so many of our intellectuals insisted that communism was the morally superior system.Granville Sewell
July 29, 2009
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cirus @48, Good post. Someone else also mentioned that each bodily orifice presents an entry point for bacteria and other toxins - the more entry points, the more possibilities of infection. So I'd add that to your already impressive list of design principles underlying the combined pathway. AtomAtom
July 29, 2009
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DATCG @ 52:
You’re so blind to your side and such a zealot you refuse to acknowledge the truth of just how jaded and fascist like the Darwinistas have grown over the last few decades...Have fun living in fairy tale land.
More bitterness. Not to mention hyperbole. Meanwhile, I still await all your exemplars (links, quotes) of scientists asserting that violations of our intuitions, in and of themselves, count as evidence for the correctness of scientific theories/findings.Diffaxial
July 29, 2009
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R0b, ------"And personally, I suspect that scientists’ increased willingness to abandon their intuition is a result of the necessity of this abandonment so many times in the past. In order to move science forward, we’ve had to dispense with common sense notions like a flat earth, geocentrism, Galilean relativity, absolute time, and the immensely intuitive idea that a particle can be in only one location at a time." What I had in mind were things more like the soul and our mind and metaphysical laws of logic and our moral sensibilities.Clive Hayden
July 29, 2009
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This should be interesting: Can any of you guys figure out how this is working and how to improve on the technique and save millions of lives: Mosquitoes deliver malaria 'vaccine' through bites Excerpt of article: People can develop immunity to malaria if exposed to it many times. The drug chloroquine can kill parasites in the final bloodstream phase, when they are most dangerous. Scientists tried to take advantage of these two factors, by using chloroquine to protect people while gradually exposing them to malaria parasites and letting immunity develop. They assigned 10 volunteers to a "vaccine" group and five others to a comparison group. All were given chloroquine for three months, and exposed once a month to about a dozen mosquitoes — malaria-infected ones in the vaccine group and non-infected mosquitoes in the comparison group. That was to allow the "vaccine" effect to develop. Next came a test to see if it was working. All 15 stopped taking chloroquine. Two months later, all were bitten by malaria-infected mosquitoes. None of the 10 in the vaccine group developed parasites in their bloodstreams; all five in the comparison group did. http://news.yahoo.com/s/ap/us_med_malaria_vaccinebornagain77
July 29, 2009
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DATCG, ------"Have fun living in fairy tale land." Hey now, at least fairy tale land has some truth.Clive Hayden
July 29, 2009
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Joseph, Only stupid people choke on food? And if they do it serves them right - a little harsh, no?PaulT
July 29, 2009
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MeganC, What is the data which demonstrates completely separate pathways is a better idea? Also if people are stupid enough to choke on their food I say it is time to remove them from the gene-pool. As for the nervous system going way back in evolution, well there isn't any data to support that premise. It is very counter-intuitive that an accumulation of genetic accidents can put together a nervous system.Joseph
July 29, 2009
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