Uncommon Descent Serving The Intelligent Design Community

The Problem(s) With Penguins

Share
Facebook
Twitter
LinkedIn
Flipboard
Print
Email

Penguins have always been a problem for evolution. Their flippers, for instance, are supposed to be the vestiges of wings. “Say again …?” you say? That’s right, according to evolution penguins are supposed to have evolved from an earlier bird with wings. The bird morphed into a penguin and the wings morphed into the penguin’s flippers. Anyone who has seen a penguin swim knows its flippers are not just a happenstance design. The penguin is an incredible swimmer and the last thing that comes to mind is that its flippers somehow evolved from a wing. Of course for evolutionists this transition is a fact, even though they don’t know how it happened.

Now penguins have been discovered to defy the much touted molecular clock. The molecular clock is simply a measure of the time that two species diverged from their common ancestor, as determined by their genetic differences. In other words, like the ticking of a clock, the steady stream of mutations, which help drive evolutionary change, accumulate and can be measured. Sometimes evolutionists have an idea of the supposed time since divergence from the fossil record. They use such cases to compute the rate at which the mutations accumulate, and once they know the rate they can use it in cases in which only the genetic data are available.  Read more

Comments
BTW, did you teach at the 2009 SUMMER SEMINARS ON INTELLIGENT DESIGN at the DI and will there be such seminars in 2010?osteonectin
December 26, 2009
December
12
Dec
26
26
2009
12:16 AM
12
12
16
AM
PDT
"Collin" (#1) aked: "So how does this molecular clock work?" There's a basic discussion at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_clock.PaulBurnett
December 25, 2009
December
12
Dec
25
25
2009
07:47 PM
7
07
47
PM
PDT
Collin: So how does this molecular clock work?
DNA sequences accumulate neutral mutations over time. When comparing sequences, the changes are generally monotonic, with more changes over longer periods of time. This allows the sequences to be sorted in chronological order. That alone makes it an important tool. The accumulation of mutations will often occur at a known frequency. This allows the marking off of time. These marks can then be calibrated with other methods of dating, such as fossils. It's been found that the rate of accumulated mutations varies between genes and between lineages. That means the molecular clock has to be calibrated and checked against independent evidence for each lineage and gene. However, once this is done, it provides data where other evidence might be scant. (Interestingly, and though there are important exceptions, the rate of the molecular clock is largely the same in many independent lineages. That's because it is not based on generation time, but on the cell replication. Bacteria reproduce every day or so. While mice may reproduce only once every few months, there are about fifty divisions from a mouse zygote to sperm, so the rate of cell replication is about the same as in bacteria.) Of course, all of this relies upon and supports Common Descent. The molecular clock is not a perfect system, but can be very useful. It's just one more tool to tease out information.Zachriel
December 25, 2009
December
12
Dec
25
25
2009
06:43 PM
6
06
43
PM
PDT
So how does this molecular clock work? Is it like carbon dating or something? Is it a comparison of species dna somehow?Collin
December 25, 2009
December
12
Dec
25
25
2009
05:39 PM
5
05
39
PM
PDT
Anyone who has seen Batman is well aware of the problem with Penguins.Mung
December 25, 2009
December
12
Dec
25
25
2009
11:10 AM
11
11
10
AM
PDT
1 2

Leave a Reply