DNA has a molecular ambulance

_{Denyse O'Leary

September 1, 2015

Cell biology, Genetics, News}

Share: Facebook; Twitter; LinkedIn; Flipboard; Print; Email

A molecular motor that transports damaged DNA is also necessary for its repair.

Double-strand breaks in DNA are a source of stress and sometimes death for cells. But the breaks can be fixed if they find their way to repair sites within the cell. In yeast, one of the main repair sites resides on the nuclear envelope where a set of proteins, including nuclear pore subcomplex Nup84, serves as a molecular hospital of sorts. The kinesin-14 motor protein complex, a “DNA ambulance,” moves the breaks to repair sites, according to a new study in Nature Communications (1).

“To think of motor proteins moving DNA inside cells-it was very surprising,” said corresponding author Karim Mekhail at the University of Toronto. “In the beginning, we thought that there must be some other way to explain these findings. But the more we tested, the more we realized that kinesin-14 must be mediating the movement of damaged DNA.” More.

Just a random event, for sure. Like that plague of Boltzmann brains floating over your desks… Oh wait, you better not think this one out too clearly.

Follow UD News at Twitter!

Comments

"And laugh at you guys of course. =)" Laughter is the best medicine. How does Nature do that? DNA ambulances are cool sure. Just at a different level. Guided, purposeful. Timing is important too. Both for jokes & ambulances. Nature is awesome, Nature is special. Freaking Special.ppolish_{September 3, 2015
September
09
Sep
3
03
2015
07:31 PM
7
07
31
PM
PDT}

Alicia, Since I'm one of the stupid people here you refer to, perhaps you would be kind enough to enlighten me how you envision a representational organization rising from dynamic properties and chaotic initial conditions. Perhaps you could start off by giving an inventory of the material conditions required by such a system, then providing a scenario by which those material conditions are satisfied.Upright BiPed_{September 3, 2015
September
09
Sep
3
03
2015
06:57 PM
6
06
57
PM
PDT}

Good question. I guess I just love to talk about biology. And laugh at you guys of course. =)Alicia Cartelli_{September 3, 2015
September
09
Sep
3
03
2015
06:48 PM
6
06
48
PM
PDT}

I bet Alicia visits this site because she thinks it is possible that she may be mistaken. A bowel thing I think?ppolish_{September 3, 2015
September
09
Sep
3
03
2015
04:35 PM
4
04
35
PM
PDT}

Alicia Serious question, if everyone is a fool here and no one understands evolution, biology, anything, then why are you on this site?scottH_{September 3, 2015
September
09
Sep
3
03
2015
03:20 PM
3
03
20
PM
PDT}

Alicia- There is a huge difference between knowing how the processes work and knowing how they arose. You cannot model a physio-chemical process producing living organisms and their systems. BTW evolutionism relies on the ignorance of the masses. Unfortunately its "experts" don't know any more than the masses.Virgil Cain_{September 3, 2015
September
09
Sep
3
03
2015
02:40 PM
2
02
40
PM
PDT}

Dio, we know a pretty good amount about how these processes work, look up the 1995 nobel prize in physiology. It depends just how much detail you want in the explanation. No bad news, for me at least.Alicia Cartelli_{September 3, 2015
September
09
Sep
3
03
2015
02:20 PM
2
02
20
PM
PDT}

Alicia Cartelli @16 Gotcha! The word "brief" was intentionally part of the test, as a hint, but you misinterpreted it. Sorry, but you failed to answer the easy questions @10. The correct answer is indeed very brief: No one knows all those exact mechanisms yet. That's all. Let's repeat it, in case you missed it: NOBODY. However, as more discoveries are made, and more light is shed on the elaborate cellular and molecular choreographies orchestrated within the biological systems, the old theories are less adequate to explain the observed complexity. That's why we should look forward, with much anticipation, to reading the newest research papers in the days ahead. Got it now? Alright, you may go and tell the bad news to your comrades. And try to read the latest research papers, lest you fail to pass such an easy test again. Remember, some of the stuff you learned is obsolete now. :)Dionisio_{September 3, 2015
September
09
Sep
3
03
2015
01:52 PM
1
01
52
PM
PDT}

Dio, I would never try to explain those things to anyone as special as you guys. Definitely not to someone who asks for a “brief” explanation of “exactly” how something works in biology. If you knew anything about biology, you would know that isn't possible. Read some books, education ain’t free. Yearning, a passionate interest in something doesn't indicate intelligence. Let’s take Dio here, he’s been posting abstracts to the same webpage on UD for who knows how long, and yet he still knows next to nothing about biology. Anyways, I did not need to be “indoctrinated” by evolutionary professors. I have had many professors and all they do is present the facts and expect us to learn them. It is up to the student to draw their own conclusions about their validity. Having studied biology for many years, I have formed my own opinions and drawn my own conclusions. The “professors in their ivory towers” that you are probably referring to are simply trying to present the basics of this material to the masses; the people who aren’t highly educated in biology. Unfortunately nutjobs, like the ones here at UD, love to prey on the masses and their lack of knowledge, doing their best to confuse and undermine. Let’s take bornagain and his post for example, he throws a bunch of big, scientific words around (most of which he knows nothing about) in an attempt to blind the reader with science. Basically, he’s saying “look how complex this sounds, it must have been designed by an intelligent being.” Next, he sends us to “evolutionnewsandviews” which has put a spin on a scientific article, making sure to word things in a way that supports their position. You keyed in on the word “foresight,” but the word never actually appears in the actual primary article. Weird, huh? All elements of life do not demonstrate “goal direction,” they have a function(s) and they carry out these function(s). End of story. You guys can switch the words out all you want to try to support your side, but the only people you will fool are the fools, and trust me, they will have no effect on where the science is headed. And where is the science headed? Well, let’s just say it doesn’t look good for you guys.Alicia Cartelli_{September 3, 2015
September
09
Sep
3
03
2015
12:36 PM
12
12
36
PM
PDT}

ppolish- I was just explaining to Alicia that evolutionism says the event was random. I don't think it appears random but evolutionism has to explain its existence by unplanned and happenstance occurrences.Virgil Cain_{September 2, 2015
September
09
Sep
2
02
2015
05:21 PM
5
05
21
PM
PDT}

ayearningforpublius @11 & Virgil Cain @12 Please, do not distract the attention of Alicia Cartelli. Leave her alone. She needs time to focus in on the homework @10. It's probably easy task for her, but still it demands some time and concentration. The questions @10 can't be answered by chance. :)Dionisio_{September 2, 2015
September
09
Sep
2
02
2015
03:57 PM
3
03
57
PM
PDT}

Virgil, it is only an appearance of random. Design gives the appearance of random sometimes. Design is awesome. No surprise.ppolish_{September 2, 2015
September
09
Sep
2
02
2015
03:53 PM
3
03
53
PM
PDT}

Alicia:
No one said it was a “random event,”
Random, as in not planned, happenstance- that is what evolutionism claims produced the diversity of life-> contingent serendipity.Virgil Cain_{September 2, 2015
September
09
Sep
2
02
2015
03:26 PM
3
03
26
PM
PDT}

Alicia Cartelli @8: I will not respond in kind with name calling. On the contrary, the fact you are here at this site indicates you have an interest (perhaps a passionate interest) in the topic, and thus smart. However, you operate under the handicap of indoctrination - the indoctrination imposed on many of us by the academic elites of this world, in particular those evolutionary biology professors in the ivory towers. Stick with me on this if you will: 1) Read the article once more, and then carefully read BA77's remarks @5 - in particular the following list: A proofreading system that catches almost all errors A mismatch repair system to back up the proofreading system Photoreactivation (light repair) Removal of methyl or ethyl groups by O6 – methylguanine methyltransferase Base excision repair Nucleotide excision repair Double-strand DNA break repair Recombination repair Error-prone bypass This clearly indicates an extremely sophisticated design, but to see this you must get past your indoctroation. Now look at the following article "Growing a Bone Requires Foresight" at: http://www.evolutionnews.org/2015/08/growing_a_bone098911.html Notice carefully that the title of this article is "Growing a Bone Requires Foresight", emphasis on the word Foresight. This directly contradicts a key tenant of Evolution whish says "Evolution is not teleological or goal directed." The entire article is from http://philosophy.wisc.edu/forster/220/notes_4.html, an American University in Wisconsin. What I hope you catch in this exercise is that virtually all elements of life - from cells to organs to limbs, to bones - all of them - do show very specific "'goal direction." Do you find it strange that a process (evolution) that is claimed to be "... not teleological or goal directed", actually produces - across the board - goal oriented and specifically functional end products? Products for example that can execute a beautiful and exacting double play in baseball.ayearningforpublius_{September 2, 2015
September
09
Sep
2
02
2015
03:22 PM
3
03
22
PM
PDT}

Alicia Cartelli Glad to find someone smart like you, who is not a special brand of stupid. Can you briefly tell us how exactly are the morphogen gradients formed and how exactly are they interpreted during developmental organogenesis? Can you describe for us the exact mechanisms underlying the cell fate specification and determination, intrinsic asymmetric meiotic/mitotic segregation of cell fate determinants? Also tell us how those mechanisms came to be. You may provide graphical illustrations to support your presentations. Please, explain it all in easy to understand terms. Remember that you're addressing a special brand of stupid people. Thanks. :)Dionisio_{September 2, 2015
September
09
Sep
2
02
2015
03:15 PM
3
03
15
PM
PDT}

"special brand of stupid" :)ppolish_{September 2, 2015
September
09
Sep
2
02
2015
02:01 PM
2
02
01
PM
PDT}

Boy, you guys are a special brand of stupid. Quibbling over researchers using the word "surprising" vs. "fascinating?" Get real. And you guys really love to do it. I've seen it a number of times on here. They're just playing the PR game and talking up their research. You guys are completely clueless and out of touch with the real world.Alicia Cartelli_{September 2, 2015
September
09
Sep
2
02
2015
01:20 PM
1
01
20
PM
PDT}

I agree Dionisio, many discoveries contradict the dogma. But if you are going to publish these contradictions, it is politically necessary to act "surprised" or "shocked to learn". Will we get to a point where the design evidence leads authors to be "dismayed" or "saddened to learn":) Or will that study just not be published:(ppolish_{September 2, 2015
September
09
Sep
2
02
2015
09:59 AM
9
09
59
AM
PDT}

ppolish @3
Why “surprising” and not “fascinating”.
Perhaps because their discoveries contradict their reductionist expectations? BTW, the new discoveries are rendering the observed complexity more complex than expected, thus making more difficult for the established "just-so" stories to explain many things. There are gazillion examples out there: https://uncommondescent.com/intelligent-design/mystery-at-the-heart-of-life/#comment-578360Dionisio_{September 2, 2015
September
09
Sep
2
02
2015
04:04 AM
4
04
04
AM
PDT}

DNA repair mechanisms are found to be very sophisticated. The overlapping repair mechanisms for DNA include, (but are not limited to), the following:
A proofreading system that catches almost all errors A mismatch repair system to back up the proofreading system Photoreactivation (light repair) Removal of methyl or ethyl groups by O6 – methylguanine methyltransferase Base excision repair Nucleotide excision repair Double-strand DNA break repair Recombination repair Error-prone bypass http://www.newgeology.us/presentation32.html Scientists Decipher Missing Piece Of First-responder DNA Repair Machine - Oct. 2009 Excerpt: The first-responder machine, a protein complex called Mre11-Rad50-Nbs1 (or MRN for short), homes in on the gravest kind of breaks in which both strands of a DNA double helix are cut. It then stops the cell from dividing and launches an error-free DNA repair process called homologous recombination, which replaces defective genes. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/10/091001164106.htm A Look at the Quality Control System in the Protein Factory - JonathanM - March 2012 Excerpt: The DNA damage response (DDR) system is like a cellular special ops force. The moment such damage is detected, an intricate network of communication and recruitment launches into action. If the cellular process for making proteins were a factory, this would be the most advanced quality-control system ever designed. http://www.evolutionnews.org/2012/03/a_look_at_the_q057791.html Quantum Dots Spotlight DNA-Repair Proteins in Motion - March 2010 Excerpt: "How this system works is an important unanswered question in this field," he said. "It has to be able to identify very small mistakes in a 3-dimensional morass of gene strands. It's akin to spotting potholes on every street all over the country and getting them fixed before the next rush hour." Dr. Bennett Van Houten - of note: A bacterium has about 40 team members on its pothole crew. That allows its entire genome to be scanned for errors in 20 minutes, the typical doubling time.,, These smart machines can apparently also interact with other damage control teams if they cannot fix the problem on the spot. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2010/03/100311123522.htm Electric DNA Excerpt: unbroken DNA conducts electricity, while an error blocks the current. Now Dr Barton has found that some repair enzymes exploit this. One pair of enzymes lock onto different parts of a DNA strand. One of them sends an electron down the strand. If the DNA is unbroken, the electron reaches the other enzyme, and causes it to detach. I.e. this process scans the region of DNA between them, and if it’s clean, there is no need for repairs. http://creation.com/electric-dna#endRef5 Researchers discover how key enzyme repairs sun-damaged DNA - July 2010 Excerpt: Ohio State University physicist and chemist Dongping Zhong and his colleagues describe how they were able to observe the enzyme, called photolyase, inject a single electron and proton into an injured strand of DNA. The two subatomic particles healed the damage in a few billionths of a second. "It sounds simple, but those two atomic particles actually initiated a very complex series of chemical reactions," said Zhong,,, "It all happened very fast, and the timing had to be just right." http://www.physorg.com/news199111045.html
Elaborate overlapping DNA repair mechanisms are incompatible with neo-Darwinism in principle:
The Darwinism contradiction of repair systems Excerpt: The bottom line is that repair mechanisms are incompatible with Darwinism in principle. Since sophisticated repair mechanisms do exist in the cell after all, then the thing to discard in the dilemma to avoid the contradiction necessarily is the Darwinist dogma. https://uncommondescent.com/intelligent-design/the-darwinism-contradiction-of-repair-systems/ Contradiction in evolutionary theory - video - (The contradiction between extensive DNA repair mechanisms and the necessity of 'random mutations/errors' for Darwinian evolution) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dzh6Ct5cg1o The Evolutionary Dynamics of Digital and Nucleotide Codes: A Mutation Protection Perspective - February 2011 Excerpt: "Unbounded random change of nucleotide codes through the accumulation of irreparable, advantageous, code-expanding, inheritable mutations at the level of individual nucleotides, as proposed by evolutionary theory, requires the mutation protection at the level of the individual nucleotides and at the higher levels of the code to be switched off or at least to dysfunction. Dysfunctioning mutation protection, however, is the origin of cancer and hereditary diseases, which reduce the capacity to live and to reproduce. Our mutation protection perspective of the evolutionary dynamics of digital and nucleotide codes thus reveals the presence of a paradox in evolutionary theory between the necessity and the disadvantage of dysfunctioning mutation protection. This mutation protection paradox, which is closely related with the paradox between evolvability and mutational robustness, needs further investigation." http://www.benthamscience.com/open/toevolj/articles/V005/1TOEVOLJ.pdf
bornagain77_{September 1, 2015
September
09
Sep
1
01
2015
04:23 PM
4
04
23
PM
PDT}

Guys, you don't understand it. Of course, it is not a random event because junk DNA did it!EugeneS_{September 1, 2015
September
09
Sep
1
01
2015
01:06 PM
1
01
06
PM
PDT}

"motor proteins moving DNA inside cells-it was very surprising,” Why "surprising" and not "fascinating". Because of design denial that's why. Blindwatchmaker mentality.ppolish_{September 1, 2015
September
09
Sep
1
01
2015
11:41 AM
11
11
41
AM
PDT}

“To think of motor proteins moving DNA inside cells-it was very surprising,” What the heck is this guy talking about? It is well known that the motor proteins Kinesin 4, 10 and 7 all move DNA. No one said it was a "random event," come back to planet Earth.Alicia Cartelli_{September 1, 2015
September
09
Sep
1
01
2015
11:02 AM
11
11
02
AM
PDT}

ID guy: Wow a molecular ambulance! How did this happen? Materialist guy: Evolution is amazing! ID guy: The question still, how? Materialist guy: It emerged! ID guy: How? Materialist guy: Are you saying my moral code is inferior to yours?Andre_{September 1, 2015
September
09
Sep
1
01
2015
04:37 AM
4
04
37
AM
PDT}

Prev 1 2 3 4

You must be logged in to post a comment.

Leave a Reply