Uncommon Descent Serving The Intelligent Design Community

Because, Graham2, You Can’t Not Know. That’s How You Know.

Share
Facebook
Twitter
LinkedIn
Flipboard
Print
Email

After all of these years of debating materialists one might think that I am inured to the silly things they say, but the depths of casuistry they will plumb in defense of the indefensible still has the capacity to amaze.  Consider my last post  in which I used the holocaust as an example of obvious evil.

Graham2 pushes back:

How is objective morality communicated to us ? Writing in the sky ? Voices in the head ? Barry seems to think ‘its obvious’

I responded:

Suppose you were the only person in the world who believed the holocaust was evil. Would you be right and everyone else wrong?

Graham2 writes:

Barry: That is more or less my point. You cant tell.

No, Graham2, yes you can tell.  And if you say you can’t tell you are lying, to me, to yourself, and to everyone else reading your comment.  You cannot not know that the holocaust was evil.  It is self-evident.

I will leave you with two other comments from the thread upon which you would do well to reflect:

You cannot argue others out of their denial of the obvious or the necessary. IMO, the only thing that can help them at that point is a change of heart – a free will choice to believe differently.

William J. Murray

One can show that truly foundational premises or principles are such that to deny them is to end in absurdity; they are self evident. Those who choose to cling to absurdity after correction, we can only expose, ring-fence and seek to protect ourselves from. And, we can look at the systems that lead people into such confusion and ring fence them too as utterly destructive.

kairosfocus

Comments
[find] distinctions should be fine distinctions.StephenB
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
07:16 PM
7
07
16
PM
PDT
Amplitudo:
What such people need is Christ anyway, not a well structured argument to convince them morality is objective. While perhaps intellectually stimulating, it will not convict one of sin nor salve the troubled soul.
Well, I certainly agree that everyone, without exception, needs Christ. In the absence of His saving power, and yes, His moral leadership, we are certainly lost. At the same time, God gave us our intelligence for a reasons, and we are obliged to put it to use on all moral matters. especially those on which the Bible is silent. The natural moral law is Christian-friendly principle that guides individual behavior on complex moral issues. Granted, it is not equipped to handle every hard problem, but it does provide a standard to which we can apply our reason and resolve most moral issues. Christianity, reason, and the natural moral law are inseparable. We should not, for example, murder our neighbor, but that doesn’t mean that we cannot defend ourselves in the face of a mortal threat. Sometimes, it is difficult to discern if a mortal threat is really present, so the person in that situation must, in keeping with that law, exercise prudence and good moral judgment. Without the guidance of objective morality, however, there is no standard by which to apply prudence and good moral judgment. While the objective moral law that tells us we have a right to self-defense, it also requires us to exercise due caution and refrain from deadly force unless there are no other options. Without the natural moral law, we are like a ship without a rudder. We simply don’t know what we ought to do or how we can use our reason to figure it out. Again, God's revealed word tells us that we should not kill babies. But it goes deeper than that. The natural moral law, in keeping with God's word, also tells us that there are times in which a doctor may, on those rare occasions where both the woman and the baby are in mortal danger, perform emergency surgery to save the mother’s life, even if the baby is accidentally killed in the process. As long as the objective was not to kill the baby, it is a moral act. Direct abortion, on the other hand, is always wrong because the intent is always to kill the child. Notice, though, that there is a relationship between the natural moral law and reason’s interpretive role. The Bible doesn't always make these find distinctions. While Christian morality is clearly the standard that we should honor, there is no way to make sense of it apart from reason and the natural moral law.StephenB
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
07:03 PM
7
07
03
PM
PDT
William @ 73, And you still do not understand that a thing being self-evident requires my subjective perception to recognize that it is in fact self-evident. The problem with using self-evident, is that it must be evident. This framework does not equip me to make moral decisions.Amplitudo
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
06:22 PM
6
06
22
PM
PDT
For me to be able to identify something as self-evident, I must be able to deduce that it is self evident.
You still do not understand the nature of the term "self-evident". If you can deduce that a thing is self-evident, it is by definition not self-evident.William J Murray
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
05:31 PM
5
05
31
PM
PDT
Stephen @ 69, High five! You identified one of the truly self-evident truths known to man, the law of non-contradiction. On this we agree completely. However, if you are going to contend that the ten commandments are the natural moral law that can be inferred from nature without reading the Bible, well, then we are back to my original statement. The command to not take the name of God in vain cannot be inferred from any "natural law" without knowing of God and knowing of the command. For me to be able to identify something as self-evident, I must be able to deduce that it is self evident. I employed the law of non-contradiction long before I ever knew what it was, and then knowing what it was, before I knew it to be self-evident. As someone else in this thread said, not all that is self-evident is obvious, and vise versa. I understand the compelling need to formulate an argument for morality independent of revelation so that one can combat materialists, atheists, whatever "ist" that grinds your gears, without resorting to Scripture; but it is truly both futile and impossible. That argument will never convince them because, even if you don't want to see them, it has holes in it. What such people need is Christ anyway, not a well structured argument to convince them morality is objective. While perhaps intellectually stimulating, it will not convict one of sin nor salve the troubled soul.Amplitudo
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
04:26 PM
4
04
26
PM
PDT
After all of these years of debating materialists one might think that I am inured to the silly things they say...
I'm a bit puzzled, Barry. Where did these debates take place? Not at the Uncommon Descent website, obviously. Then where have you actually engaged in discussion with a materialist? And where did you find a materialist?Alan Fox
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
03:21 PM
3
03
21
PM
PDT
Barry
Mark, you do not seem to understand what the phrase “self evident” means. It does not mean “something about which most reasonable people would agree” as you imply in your comment. It means “that which may be denied only on pain of descent into absurdity.”
And what absurdity would follow from denying the holocaust was evil?Mark Frank
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
03:09 PM
3
03
09
PM
PDT
Amplitude
Stephen @ 66, I don’t believe any such “objective natural moral law” exists; I cannot deduce one logically, nor can it be found in Scripture. If you wish to discuss Romans 2 elsewhere, I’m game.
As William J. Murray said, if you think it is something that can or should be deduced, you do not yet grasp the principle. Self evident truths are those things by which and from which we reason. We don't or can't reason our way to them. All of logic, for example, is based on the self evident truth that a thing cannot be both true and false at the same time and in the same way. If that wasn't the case, you could not deduce anytbing. On the other hand, the natural moral law is, indeed, found in Scripture. It is called the Ten Commandments. However, the whole of morality is not found there or in the natural moral law. That is why we have the Sermon on the Mount and the Beatitudes in the New Testament---to complete the picture that was only started with the Natural moral law and the Ten Commandments.StephenB
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
02:12 PM
2
02
12
PM
PDT
WJM @ 64, I agree, and thank youCentralScrutinizer
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
01:37 PM
1
01
37
PM
PDT
Stephen @ 66, I don't believe any such "objective natural moral law" exists; I cannot deduce one logically, nor can it be found in Scripture. If you wish to discuss Romans 2 elsewhere, I'm game.Amplitudo
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
01:32 PM
1
01
32
PM
PDT
Amplitude:
So let me understand what you are saying; are you arguing that it is self-evident from nature, independent of revelation, that God’s name is not to be taken in vain?
If we know who God is, then yes, it is obvious we should not take His name in vain. If we don't know who he is, or that he is, then its a different story. Since we cannot know who God is without revelation, our conscience can take us only so far in that regard. We need revelation to fill out the picture. Nevertheless, the objective natural moral law, which is accessible to everyone, can, if we follow it to the best of our ability, help us to acquire a disposition such that we will be more receptive to God's revealed truth when it is presented to us.StephenB
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
01:27 PM
1
01
27
PM
PDT
Anyway, say no more. Your faith is in your own reason and ability rather than God.
No, my faith is in god. Without god, there is no such thing as reason or ability to comprehend anything. I count on them (perception & reason) as the tools by which a basic level of understanding can be achieved. They do not provide me with anything more than that. I can use them to deceive myself as easily as I can use them to understand truth.William J Murray
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
01:27 PM
1
01
27
PM
PDT
Central Scrutinizer, I think deliberately causing anguish and terror is most likely in all cases an immoral act. I agree, a Hitler or a Dahmer should simply be executed. Causing them the same anguish and terror they inflicted on others only makes us more like them.
For example, I used to be absolutely against abortion. But over the years I thought about it and (call it what you will, “decided”, “came to the conclusion”, “perceiving and using reason”) now have the opinion that abortion prior to brain-waves being activated (about 40 days into the pregnancy) is morally acceptable. My original conclusion was “obvious” to me and so is my current one. What is “obvious” can change.
I would rather state it this way: we are capable of making mistakes about everything - even about what is obvious. However, "obvious" and "self-evidently true" are overlapping domains; what is obvious is not always self-evidently true, and what is self-evidently true is not always obvious. If you and I agree that there are some moral statements that are obviously and self-evidently true, such as "it is always evil to torture children for personal pleasure", then you and I have committed to a worldview where objectively, obviously, self-evidently true moral statements exist. That, by itself, has necessary logical ramifications that are irreconcilable with non-theistic worldviews, regardless of what any particular religion says about abortion.William J Murray
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
01:21 PM
1
01
21
PM
PDT
William @ 58, Those who have not been exposed to, or do not grasp, what the Bible teaches about the sovereignty of God in relation to man think there are only two possible extremes; an absolute autonomy of free will that not even God possess, or that God controls everyone like robots and there is no point to anything. But neither of these is accurate, nor what the Bible teaches. But, again, this is a discussion for elsewhere. If you truly wish to continue it, I would be delighted. But we need another medium.Amplitudo
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
01:17 PM
1
01
17
PM
PDT
Barry @ OP: You cannot not know that the holocaust was evil. It is self-evident.
What about sociopaths? They don't seem to be able the "see" the evil that the rest of us "see." That is to say, they do no experience feelings of disgust and repugnance and empathy like non-sociopaths do. (Sociopaths make up about 4% of the population. They are not all wanton axe murderers.) Given that, shouldn't you amend your declaration to, "it is self-evident, except for the sociopaths" ?CentralScrutinizer
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
01:16 PM
1
01
16
PM
PDT
William @ 57, No, you made no such statement; but Stephen did. Anyway, say no more. Your faith is in your own reason and ability rather than God.Amplitudo
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
01:12 PM
1
01
12
PM
PDT
WJM ...Humans have no business dishing it out under any conditions except for the quick and painless execution of obviously Very Bad individuals. <-- actually, strike everything after the "except", since it is non-sequitur to what comes before.CentralScrutinizer
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
01:06 PM
1
01
06
PM
PDT
William J Murray:You don’t “decide” what it is any more than you “decide” what you are seeing or hearing. Your conscience is your sensory tool, and reason your means of analysis. You find out what the moral landscape is the same way you find out what the physical landscape is – by perceiving it and using reason to form models based on what you experience.
Well, "decide", I think, is a reasonable term to throw on your description there since it's not an immediate sense as is apprehending the color blue. For example, I used to be absolutely against abortion. But over the years I thought about it and (call it what you will, "decided", "came to the conclusion", "perceiving and using reason") now have the opinion that abortion prior to brain-waves being activated (about 40 days into the pregnancy) is morally acceptable. My original conclusion was "obvious" to me and so is my current one. What is "obvious" can change.
No, I don’t think that suffering is always a bad thing, but I do think that intentionally inflicting unnecessary suffering on others is a always a bad thing. While my child might suffer if I refuse them something they wish, sometimes it is in their own best interest.
I would agree with that. I was rather vague. By "suffering" I don't mean the emotional discomfort that little Johnny might experience when mommy says "no" to this or that toy or candy request. I mean the stuff that causes anguish and terror. I think the only "person" who rightly should wield that sort of suffering on individuals is God or the gods. Humans have no business dishing it out under any conditions except for the quick and painless execution of obviously Very Bad individuals.CentralScrutinizer
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
01:04 PM
1
01
04
PM
PDT
William @ 53, Free will is a fallacy of logic, a security blanket against existential crisis; but that’s a discussion for another time.
If we do not have free will, what's the point of having a debate about anything? Will we not just believe whatever we are caused to believe, whether that belief is true or false?William J Murray
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
01:04 PM
1
01
04
PM
PDT
My point is, if God is the source of morality (assumption), pick any deity and you are going to find commands that are not self-evident. The command to not take God’s name in vain is an example of one of them.
I agree that all or most such decrees (I'm not familiar with all of them) are not self evident and are certainly not "self-evident" simply because this god or that decrees a thing. That is why I do not begin with "god" or any religion or book in my reasoning process about morality. I deduce that a god (as purposeful creator of humanity & the universe) must exist from several good arguments (among other reasons), one of which is the argument from morality. There is no sound, rational foundation for any meaningful morality other than one rooted in theism. That's not a case for any particular religion or god, just theism in general.
So the statement, “An objective truth whose source is God will always be self-evident” is false. Thus, using “self-evident” as a rubric for morality based on God falls apart.
I never made that statement, or anything like it. I never said or implied that all objective truths that come from god would be self-evident. I made the much more narrow and conservative claim that some moral truths are self-evident. That doesn't mean they all are. Some are necessarily true by virtue of sound reasoning from those which are self-evident. Some are conditionally true. Some are generally true. Some moral quandaries are probably too difficult for most people to figure out even using sound reasoning from a self-evidently true statement.William J Murray
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
01:01 PM
1
01
01
PM
PDT
William @ 53, Free will is a fallacy of logic, a security blanket against existential crisis; but that's a discussion for another time.Amplitudo
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
12:57 PM
12
12
57
PM
PDT
Stephen @ 54, So let me understand what you are saying; are you arguing that it is self-evident from nature, independent of revelation, that God's name is not to be taken in vain? This seems to me to be what you are saying, I just want to be sure.Amplitudo
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
12:54 PM
12
12
54
PM
PDT
Stephen @ 47, God commands that His name is not to be taken in vain.
And your point is what?
I’m sorry, but there is no way an argument can be made that not taking God’s name in vain is a self-evident truth independent of the revelation of Scripture.
If we know who God is, it should be evident that we should not take His name in vain. If we don't know who God is, then we would not be morally culpable in the same way. Both God and objective morality are reasonable. What He reveals explicitly in revelation, which is accessible to faith, he also reveals implicitly in nature and in the human conscience, which is accessible to reason.StephenB
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
12:49 PM
12
12
49
PM
PDT
William @ 49, You have made morality subjective, if the conscience must perceive it from its environment.
If "morality" is taken as the objectively existent landscape that our conscience perceives, then I have no more made morality non-objective by admitting we subjectively experience it than I have rendered the physical world non-objective by admitting we subjectively experience it. I have only admitted that all of my experience is subjective in nature. Do you deny that all of your experience is subjective in nature?
In this line of reasoning, the only reason Germany lost WWII and their actions considered evil is because we took our environmentally formed perception of morality and went and imposed it on their differing perception based on their own unique environment.
Uh, no. I have no idea how you got that from what I said. Like sight and sound, our perceptions are designed by god to be fully capable of sound and effective mapping of the landscape. While environmental factors can influence us, we have the free will capacity to override all such environmental influences. We are not bound to them.William J Murray
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
12:47 PM
12
12
47
PM
PDT
William @ 51, No, I understand exactly what it means. My point is, if God is the source of morality (assumption), pick any deity and you are going to find commands that are not self-evident. The command to not take God's name in vain is an example of one of them. So the statement, "An objective truth whose source is God will always be self-evident" is false. Thus, using "self-evident" as a rubric for morality based on God falls apart.Amplitudo
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
12:43 PM
12
12
43
PM
PDT
I’m sorry, but there is no way an argument can be made that not taking God’s name in vain is a self-evident truth independent of the revelation of Scripture.
You are apparently still not understanding what the term "self-evident" means. If one must refer to something else (like the Bible) to make a case for a thing being true, then the thing in question is by definition not self-evident. It might be necessarily true given the premise, but it is not self-evidently true.William J Murray
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
12:39 PM
12
12
39
PM
PDT
William @ 49, You have made morality subjective, if the conscience must perceive it from its environment. In this line of reasoning, the only reason Germany lost WWII and their actions considered evil is because we took our environmentally formed perception of morality and went and imposed it on their differing perception based on their own unique environment.Amplitudo
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
12:36 PM
12
12
36
PM
PDT
Even if one believes that mortality refers to an objective commodity, how do you decide what it is?
You don't "decide" what it is any more than you "decide" what you are seeing or hearing. Your conscience is your sensory tool, and reason your means of analysis. You find out what the moral landscape is the same way you find out what the physical landscape is - by perceiving it and using reason to form models based on what you experience.
As for me, the foundation of morality revolves around the issue of conscious suffering. I think consciousness suffering is “evil”, the very definition. I am against it. Always. Even for bad people. Even the the Hitlers and Stalins of the world should not be tortured and made to suffer, but merely executed. Isn’t this obviously correct?
No, I don't think that suffering is always a bad thing, but I do think that intentionally inflicting unnecessary suffering on others is a always a bad thing. While my child might suffer if I refuse them something they wish, sometimes it is in their own best interest. I think that "preventing and/or reducing suffering" is a good general moral guideline, though.William J Murray
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
12:32 PM
12
12
32
PM
PDT
Stephen @ 47, God commands that His name is not to be taken in vain. I'm sorry, but there is no way an argument can be made that not taking God's name in vain is a self-evident truth independent of the revelation of Scripture. We don't even know God's name without holy writ.Amplitudo
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
12:31 PM
12
12
31
PM
PDT
Amplitudo
An argument that morality is “self-evident” is subjective, which is what I am ultimately attempting to convey.
All self-evident truths, including self-evident moral truths, are objective, not subjective. They come from outside the individual and are unchanging, not from the individual person. Subjective "truths" are always changing precisely because they come from the individual.
Morality can only be objective if its source is God, which I most adamantly proclaim it is.
An objective truth whose source is God will be self-evident. Definitions: Evil = A perversion of the will that causes one to turn away from the good. Good = That which is appropriate for one's nature.StephenB
October 29, 2013
October
10
Oct
29
29
2013
12:27 PM
12
12
27
PM
PDT
1 2 3

Leave a Reply