Big Bang Intelligent Design theism

Harvard Astronomer: The wonders of the universe point to a creator

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Well, yes but she’s not supposed to admit that:

The wonders we see in the universe “should draw us out of ourselves,” an Ivy League scientist said last week, “looking out not just towards the wonders themselves and towards the truths they reveal, but also towards the source of all truths and the ultimate Creator of all things.”

Karin Öberg, professor of astronomy and director of undergraduate studies at Harvard University, said her work as a scientist has helped her to appreciate that we live in a universe that “has a beginning, a middle, and an end that’s unfolding over time.”

She also said that belief in God, far from being an impediment to scientific inquiry, actually can be helpful for scientists because of the “sure foundation” that belief in a Creator provides. Öberg herself is a convert from atheism.

Philip McKeown, “Harvard scientist: The wonders of the universe point to a Creator” at Catholic News Agency (January 21, 2023)

In a recent talk, she mentions Georges Lemaitre , the Belgian priest who first proposed the Big Bang theory. The theory has long been opposed by atheists who have thought of an impressive variety of alternatives. But not one of those alternatives — not a single one — became a famous sitcom. 😉

You may also wish to read: The Big Bang: Put simply,the facts are wrong.

Hat tip: Philip Cunningham

191 Replies to “Harvard Astronomer: The wonders of the universe point to a creator

  1. 1
    BobRyan says:

    Anyone who has honest inquiry about the universe must come to the same conclusion Oberg did, which was the same reason Einstein never doubted God. There is a creator of the universe. All evidence points to Intelligent Design.

  2. 2
    martin_r says:

    In 21st century, only very irrational, dishonest and corrupt people can deny that “the universe point to a Creator”. The evidence wherever you look is overwhelming …

    PS: … mentioning the big bang theory sitcom … here, something funny:
    https://youtu.be/xQ4mXLyyhZI?t=92

  3. 3
    jerry says:

    has a beginning, a middle, and an end that’s unfolding over time.

    Any other scenario leads to absurdities.

    It’s not just that is what the evidence points to, it is what can only happen. Can anyone describe a scenario that is not self refuting (current obsession on UD). That would be a start.

    For example, the multi-verse is self refuting.

  4. 4
    Querius says:

    Jerry @3,

    For example, the multi-verse is self refuting.

    You need to understand that “Multiverse” is the name that atheists call God.

    What are the similarities?

    * Multiverse created the heavens and the earth and all that exists.

    * Among all the infinite number of universes, the one we live in is filled with amazing complexity.

    * Multiverse generates the most improbable miracles in each universe!

    * Multiverse can explain anything at all. There are in infinite number universes with different laws.

    * Multiverse governs everything: past, present, and future.

    * Multiverse is outside the domain of measurable, observable, and testable science.

    So when someone invokes the Multiverse, the best response is, “Oh, so you DO believe in God after all.”

    -Q

  5. 5
    dogdoc says:

    Querius @4,

    I think you are 100% correct! The “multiverse” and “god” both share all of the properties you listed. All should agree that the “multiverse” is indeed one conception of God, and not a scientific theory at all. This conception of God, however isn’t anthropomorphic – the multiverse is not said to be a conscious, deliberative entity with desires, emotions, and so on.

    I also believe in God, but my conception of what that means is different still. I believe in something very much like what Baruch Spinoza described. In that view, God is neither an anthropomorphic person nor a multiverse.

    I think it’s wonderful that we can all agree that everyone can have their own conception of what God is, and rather than vilifying atheists, theists can simply accept them as having a completely different notion of what God might be. To each their own!

  6. 6
    Seversky says:

    The Universe is wonderful beyond our imagination. For the most part it is also implacably hostile to human life. So whether the creator was a personal Christian or impersonal Spinozan-type deity it doesn’t look like we were the intended beneficiary of this munificence.

  7. 7
    Querius says:

    Dogdoc @5,

    Glad we can agree on something.

    I must admit though that I’ve always been puzzled by people who believe in a more-or-less impersonal God that creates very personal, conscious, and purposeful humans. These would then be qualities that this God supposedly doesn’t possess.

    How about a God that’s intimately aware, personal, conscious, and purposeful that creates humans with similar but abbreviated qualities?

    -Q

  8. 8
    dogdoc says:

    Querius @7,

    I must admit though that I’ve always been puzzled by people who believe in a more-or-less impersonal God…

    Again, the god of Spinoza (and me) is not more-or-less impersonal; it is simply not personal in any sense at all.

    …that creates very personal, conscious, and purposeful humans. These would then be qualities that this God supposedly doesn’t possess.

    Well, I build motorcycles, even though I myself possess no tires.

    How about a God that’s intimately aware, personal, conscious, and purposeful that creates humans with similar but abbreviated qualities?

    I believe that our consciousness, awareness, sentience, ratiocination, personality, and so on are all aspects of living beings, fundamentally connected to and united with our physical bodies. Unless one’s conception of God is biological, I think it’s quite unlikely that God has any sort of “mind” recognizably like a human mind, no mind that we can make any sense of.

    You assume (hypothesize?) that these mental properties that we know by virtue of being embodied, biological organisms could also somehow exist without corporeal form. We disagree about the likelihood of that. As confident as you are that God has a conscious, emotional mind, I am just as confident that those concepts have no more relation to God than the Sun has to a golden chariot.

    But hey, we all believe in God, so that’s a good thing!

  9. 9
    vividbleau says:

    “But hey, we all believe in God, so that’s a good thing!”

    Do we? If the God I believe in corresponds with what “is” then your God does not exist thus you don’t believe in God because your God does not exist.

    If the God you believe in corresponds with what “is “then my God does not exist thus I don’t believe in God because my God does not exist. One of us are practical atheists..

    Vivid

  10. 10
    dogdoc says:

    Vivid,

    Do we? If the God I believe in corresponds with what “is” then your God does not exist thus you don’t believe in God because your God does not exist.

    I believe in the Grand Canyon and think it is 6000 feet deep and was created by water erosion. Someone else might think it is 9000 feet deep and was created over the course of an afternoon by an omnipotent god. But we both believe in the Grand Canyon.

    If the God you believe in corresponds with what “is “then my God does not exist thus I don’t believe in God because my God does not exist.

    Sorry, I don’t think that came out the way you intended. The fact that something doesn’t exist has never kept people from believing in it. You know, Bigfoot? Luminiferous ether?

    Anyway, if I believe that “God” is coreferential with the utterly impersonal majesty and order of existence, then I believe in God. Nobody owns the word; it has already been defined in a multitude of ways throughout history and around the world.

    So I agree with Querius: Christians and Multiversians are definitely both believers in God.

  11. 11
    bornagain77 says:

    DD:

    “Again, the god of Spinoza (and me) is not more-or-less impersonal; it is simply not personal in any sense at all.,,,
    I believe that our consciousness, awareness, sentience, ratiocination, personality, and so on are all aspects of living beings, fundamentally connected to and united with our physical bodies. Unless one’s conception of God is biological, I think it’s quite unlikely that God has any sort of “mind” recognizably like a human mind, no mind that we can make any sense of.”

    Well firstly, presupposing that “it’s quite unlikely that God has any sort of “mind” recognizably like a human mind” undermines a necessary presupposition that lay out the founding of modern science.

    Namely, during the founding of modern science in Medieval Christian Europe it was presupposed that the universe was intelligible to the human mind. “They believed that nature had been designed by the mind of a rational God, the same God who made the rational minds of human beings. These thinkers assumed that if they used their minds to carefully study nature, they could understand the order and design that God had placed in the world.,,,”

    New Book: For Kepler, Science Did Not Point to Atheism – Stephen C. Meyer – January 17, 2023
    The Conflict Myth Unmade,,,
    As historian Ian Barbour says, “science in its modern form” arose “in Western civilization alone, among all the cultures of the world,” because only the Christian West had the necessary “intellectual presuppositions underlying the rise of science.”2
    So, what were those presuppositions? We can identify three. As Melissa Cain Travis shows, (in her book: “Thinking God’s Thoughts: Johannes Kepler and the Miracle of Cosmic Comprehensibility”), all have their place in Kepler’s seminal works. More generally, all find their origin in the Judeo-Christian idea of a Creator God who fashioned human beings and an orderly universe.
    (1) Intelligibility
    First, the (Christian) founders of modern science assumed the intelligibility of nature. They believed that nature had been designed by the mind of a rational God, the same God who made the rational minds of human beings. These thinkers assumed that if they used their minds to carefully study nature, they could understand the order and design that God had placed in the world.,,,
    (2) The Contingency of Nature
    Second, early pioneers of science presupposed the contingency of nature. They believed that God had many choices about how to make an orderly world. Just as there are many ways to design a watch, there were many ways that God could have designed the universe. To discover how He did, scientists could not merely deduce the order of nature by assuming what seemed most logical to them; they couldn’t simply use reason alone to draw conclusions, as some of the Greek philosophers had done.,,,
    (3) The Fallibility of Human Reasoning
    Third, early scientists accepted a biblical understanding of the power and limits of the human mind. Even as these scientists saw human reason as the gift of a rational God, they also recognized the fallibility of humans and, therefore, the fallibility of human ideas about nature.,,,
    Such a nuanced view of human nature implied, on the one hand, that human beings could attain insight into the workings of the natural world, but that, on the other, they were vulnerable to self-deception, flights of fancy, and prematurely jumping to conclusions. This composite view of reason — one that affirmed both its capability and fallibility — inspired confidence that the design and order of nature could be understood if scientists carefully studied the natural world, but also engendered caution about trusting human intuition, conjectures, and hypotheses unless they were carefully tested by experiment and observation.11,,,
    https://evolutionnews.org/2023/01/new-book-for-kepler-science-did-not-point-to-atheism/

    Moreover, this presupposition that men can dare understand the rationality of the universe because they have minds that are made in the image of God, i.e. ‘intelligibility’, continues to be a presupposition that is essential for the continued successful practice of modern science. As Paul Davies stated, ““People take it for granted that the physical world is both ordered and intelligible.,,, However, even the most atheistic scientist accepts as an act of faith that the universe is not absurd, that there is a rational basis to physical existence manifested as law-like order in nature that is at least partly comprehensible to us. So science can proceed only if the scientist adopts an essentially theological worldview.”

    Physics and the Mind of God: The Templeton Prize Address – by Paul Davies – August 1995
    Excerpt: “People take it for granted that the physical world is both ordered and intelligible. The underlying order in nature-the laws of physics-are simply accepted as given, as brute facts. Nobody asks where they came from; at least they do not do so in polite company. However, even the most atheistic scientist accepts as an act of faith that the universe is not absurd, that there is a rational basis to physical existence manifested as law-like order in nature that is at least partly comprehensible to us. So science can proceed only if the scientist adopts an essentially theological worldview.”
    https://www.firstthings.com/article/1995/08/003-physics-and-the-mind-of-god-the-templeton-prize-address-24

    So DD may personally hold that “it’s quite unlikely that God has any sort of “mind” recognizably like a human mind”, but the existence, and continued successful practice, of modern science, in and of itself, directly contradicts DD’s belief that our minds have no connection whatsoever to the Mind of God. Simply put, If our finite minds did not have, at least, some semblance of likeness to the infinite Mind of God, then the universe, by all rights, should simply not be intelligible to us. There simply would be no correspondence between the rationality behind the universe and our minds.

    Moreover, on top of the ‘intelligibility’ of nature, it is now found that man’s unique capacity to ‘do science’ is built into the ‘fabric of nature’. As Michael Denton recently documented in his 2022 book, “The Miracle of Man”,,,, “nature was also strikingly prearranged, as it were, for our unique technological journey from fire making, to metallurgy, to the advanced technology of our current civilization. Long before man made the first fire, long before the first metal was smelted from its ore, nature was already prepared and fit for our technological journey from the Stone Age to the present.”

    How We Moved Beyond Darwin to the Miracle of Man – Michael Denton – May 11, 2022
    Concluding paragraph: “The more I examine the universe and study the details of its architecture, the more evidence I find that the universe in some sense must have known that we were coming.”
    And it is not only our biological design which was mysteriously foreseen in the fabric of nature. As The Miracle of Man shows, nature was also strikingly prearranged, as it were, for our unique technological journey from fire making, to metallurgy, to the advanced technology of our current civilization. Long before man made the first fire, long before the first metal was smelted from its ore, nature was already prepared and fit for our technological journey from the Stone Age to the present.”
    https://evolutionnews.org/2022/05/how-we-moved-beyond-darwin-to-the-miracle-of-man/

    The Miracle of Man: The Fine Tuning of Nature for Human Existence – May 6, 2022
    by Michael Denton
    For years, leading scientists and science popularizers have insisted humans are nothing special in the cosmic scheme of things. In this important and provocative new book, renowned biologist Michael Denton argues otherwise. According to Denton, the cosmos is stunningly fit not just for cellular life, not just for carbon-based animal life, and not even just for air-breathing animals, but especially for bipedal, land-roving, technology-pursuing creatures of our general physiological design. In short, the cosmos is specifically fit for creatures like us. Drawing on discoveries from a myriad of scientific fields, Denton masterfully documents how contemporary science has revived humanity’s special place in nature. “The human person as revealed by modern science is no contingent assemblage of elements, an irrelevant afterthought of cosmic evolution,” Denton writes. “Rather, our destiny was inscribed in the light of stars and the properties of atoms since the beginning. Now we know that all nature sings the song of man. Our seeming exile from nature is over. We now know what the medieval scholars only believed, that the underlying rationality of nature is indeed ‘manifest in human flesh.’ And with this revelation the… delusion of humankind’s irrelevance on the cosmic stage has been revoked.”
    https://www.amazon.com/dp/1637120125/

    Moreover, besides the wealth of evidence that Michael Denton has now brought forth, the Copernican Principle, and/or the Principle of Mediocrity, (which holds that man has no special place in the grand scheme of things), has now been overturned by both General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics, our two most powerful theories in science. (as well as by several other lines of scientific evidence).
    March 2022
    https://uncommondescent.com/evolution/neil-thomas-on-evolutionary-theory-as-magical-thinking/#comment-748883

    Thus, multiple lines of scientific evidence falsifies DD’s belief that “it’s quite unlikely that God has any sort of “mind” recognizably like a human mind”.

  12. 12
    bornagain77 says:

    DD also falsely holds that our minds are “fundamentally connected to and united with our physical bodies”

    Well first off, believing, as DD does, that our minds are “fundamentally connected to and united with our physical bodies” is directly contradicted the fact that our thoughts are, to a surprisingly large degree, non-physical in their foundational essence. In fact human rationality itself, (which is indispensable for ‘doing science’ in the first place), “is qualitatively different — ontologically different — from animal perception. Human rationality is different because it is immaterial.,, It is a radical difference — an immeasurable qualitative difference, not a quantitative difference. We are more different from apes than apes are from viruses.,,,”

    The Fundamental Difference Between Humans and Nonhuman Animals – Michael Egnor – November 5, 2015
    Excerpt: Human beings have mental powers that include the material mental powers of animals but in addition entail a profoundly different kind of thinking. Human beings think abstractly, and nonhuman animals do not. Human beings have the power to contemplate universals, which are concepts that have no material instantiation. Human beings think about mathematics, literature, art, language, justice, mercy, and an endless library of abstract concepts. Human beings are rational animals.
    Human rationality is not merely a highly evolved kind of animal perception. Human rationality is qualitatively different — ontologically different — from animal perception. Human rationality is different because it is immaterial. Contemplation of universals cannot have material instantiation, because universals themselves are not material and cannot be instantiated in matter.,,,
    It is a radical difference — an immeasurable qualitative difference, not a quantitative difference.
    We are more different from apes than apes are from viruses.,,,
    http://www.evolutionnews.org/2.....00661.html

    And Dr. Egnor, unlike Darwinists, is not making a claim for which he has no scientific evidence. In 2014, an impressive ‘who’s who’ list of leading Darwinian experts in the area of language research, authored a paper in which they honestly stated that they have “essentially no explanation of how and why our linguistic computations and representations evolved.,,,”

    Leading Evolutionary Scientists Admit We Have No Evolutionary Explanation of Human Language – December 19, 2014
    Excerpt: Understanding the evolution of language requires evidence regarding origins and processes that led to change. In the last 40 years, there has been an explosion of research on this problem as well as a sense that considerable progress has been made. We argue instead that the richness of ideas is accompanied by a poverty of evidence, with essentially no explanation of how and why our linguistic computations and representations evolved.,,,
    (Marc Hauser, Charles Yang, Robert Berwick, Ian Tattersall, Michael J. Ryan, Jeffrey Watumull, Noam Chomsky and Richard C. Lewontin, “The mystery of language evolution,” Frontiers in Psychology, Vol 5:401 (May 7, 2014).)
    Casey Luskin added: “It’s difficult to imagine much stronger words from a more prestigious collection of experts.”
    http://www.evolutionnews.org/2.....92141.html

    What is more interesting still about the fact that humans have a unique ability to understand and create information, (and have even come to ‘master the planet’ through the ‘top-down’ infusion of immaterial information into material substrates), is the fact that, due to advances in science, both the universe and life itself, are now found to be ‘information theoretic’ in their foundational basis.

    “The most fundamental definition of reality is not matter or energy, but information–and it is the processing of information that lies at the root of all physical, biological, economic, and social phenomena.”
    – Vlatko Vedral – Professor of Physics at the University of Oxford, and CQT (Centre for Quantum Technologies) at the National University of Singapore, and a Fellow of Wolfson College –

    In the following article, Anton Zeilinger, a leading expert in quantum mechanics who recently won the Nobel prize for physics, stated that ‘it may very well be said that information is the irreducible kernel from which everything else flows.’ and that “It might even be fair to observe that the concept that information is fundamental is very old knowledge of humanity, witness for example the beginning of gospel according to John: “In the beginning was the Word.”

    Why the Quantum? It from Bit? A Participatory Universe?
    Excerpt: In conclusion, it may very well be said that information is the irreducible kernel from which everything else flows. Thence the question why nature appears quantized is simply a consequence of the fact that information itself is quantized by necessity. It might even be fair to observe that the concept that information is fundamental is very old knowledge of humanity, witness for example the beginning of gospel according to John: “In the beginning was the Word.”
    Anton Zeilinger – Nobel Laureate, leading expert in quantum mechanics:
    http://www.metanexus.net/archi.....linger.pdf

    It is hard to imagine a more convincing scientific proof that we are ‘made in the image of God’, than finding that both the universe and life itself are ‘information theoretic’ in their foundational basis, and that we, of all the creatures on earth, uniquely possess an ability to understand and create information, and have come to ‘master the planet’, not via brute force as is presupposed within Darwinian thought, but precisely because of our ability to infuse immaterial information into material substrates.

    Of course, a more convincing proof that we are made in the image of God could be if God Himself became a man, walked on water, healed the sick, raised the dead, and then defeated death itself on a cross.

    And that just so happens to be precisely the proof that is claimed within Christian apologetics.

    Shroud of Turin: From discovery of Photographic Negative, to 3D Information, to Quantum Hologram – video
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F-TL4QOCiis

    The evidence for the Shroud’s authenticity keeps growing stronger. (Timeline of facts) – November 08, 2019
    What Is the Shroud of Turin? Facts & History Everyone Should Know – Myra Adams and Russ Breault
    https://www.christianity.com/wiki/jesus-christ/what-is-the-shroud-of-turin.html

    Verses:

    Genesis 1:26
    And God said, Let us make man in our image, after our likeness: and let them have dominion over the fish of the sea, and over the fowl of the air, and over the cattle, and over all the earth, and over every creeping thing that creepeth upon the earth.

    John 1:1-4
    In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. The same was in the beginning with God. All things were made by Him, and without Him was not anything made that was made. In Him was life, and that life was the Light of men.

  13. 13
    PyrrhoManiac1 says:

    @5

    I also believe in God, but my conception of what that means is different still. I believe in something very much like what Baruch Spinoza described. In that view, God is neither an anthropomorphic person nor a multiverse.

    Nice to meet another Spinoza fan in the hellscape that we call the Internet!

    Spinoza would definitely say that God does not have a mind like ours. But he also says that, because of the kinds of embodied minds that we have, we can know of God that two of His infinite properties are “intellect” and “extension”. (He has infinitely many properties, but intellect and extension are the only ones that we can know of, because of the kinds of beings that we are.) Divine extension is the physical universe, but there is also the divine intellect.

    One way of understanding this in more-or-less contemporary terms is that God has two distinct properties: the physical universe (extension) and the grand unified thing of everything (intellect). In Spinoza’s terms, the grand unified theory of everything is neither a human construction nor a divine product or template or whatever — it is the divine intellect.

    Put otherwise, Spinoza’s God is not only the entirety of the eternal physical universe but also the maximally determinate rational description of the eternal physical universe (as well as having infinitely many other properties that are unknowable to us).

  14. 14
    Viola Lee says:

    I also agree with Spinoza if this quote by Einstein is accurate about Spinoza: ““I believe in Spinoza’s God, who reveals Himself in the lawful harmony of the world, not in a God who concerns Himself with the fate and the doings of mankind…”

  15. 15
    jerry says:

    I believe in Spinoza’s God, who reveals Himself in the lawful harmony of the world, not in a God who concerns Himself with the fate and the doings of mankind…

    A nonsense statement

    Ignores one of the major creations of the creation. One that is so different from the rest of the creation.

    The above quote if true make both Einstein and Spinoza look like idiots.

  16. 16
    relatd says:

    Seversky at 6,

    You should start your posts with “If I was God” and take it from there. So, if you created the Universe it would be totally OK for human beings. We could walk to the moon. We could vacation there. Take an airliner to Mars or the equivalent of an ocean ship. All would be wonderful in the Seversky-verse. 🙂

  17. 17
    Seversky says:

    Relatd/16

    You should start your posts with “If I was God” and take it from there.

    Just taking Christianity at its word about the nature of the God it worships and noting that the nature of this Universe doesn’t tally with the notion of an all-loving Creator setting things up for the pinnacle of its creation. Maybe it’s all because of the Fall.

  18. 18
    bornagain77 says:

    Einstein himself may not have personally believed in life after death, (nor in a personal God), but Special Relativity itself contradicts Einstein and offers stunning confirmation that Near Death Testimonies are accurate ‘physical’ descriptions of what happens after death,,,,
    That what we now know to be physically true from special relativity, (namely that it outlines a ‘timeless’, i.e. eternal, ‘dimension of light’ that exists above this temporal dimension), would fit hand and glove with the personal testimonies of people who have had a deep heavenly NDEs is, needless to say, powerful evidence that their testimonies are, in fact, true, and that they are accurately describing the physical ‘reality’ of a higher heavenly dimension, that they experienced first hand, that really does physically exist above this temporal dimension.
    https://uncommondescent.com/intelligent-design/at-mind-matters-news-are-extra-dimensions-of-the-universe-real-or-imaginary/#comment-772620

  19. 19
    chuckdarwin says:

    BA77
    Back on the Shroud of Turin again, aye? You need to get new material…..

  20. 20
    Seversky says:

    You know, if BA77 got residuals for every time he repeated his regular posts he’d be worth a small fortune by now. I’m missing the Lewontin quote, though.

  21. 21
    relatd says:

    Seversky at 20,

    Using the Secret Vegas Better’s Book, I’ve made a ton of money off the Predictable Seversky Posts category. 🙂

    Chuck ad Sev make their regular appearance on UD, and exit, stage left…

  22. 22
    relatd says:

    Seversky at 17,

    Your ignorance of Scripture and of God is showing. When the United States went to the Moon in 1969, I watched it on TV. Imagine men traveling to the Moon using 1969 technology and returning as proposed by President Kennedy. And doing it again.

    Your idea of an “all loving Creator” is one that gives you cake and ice cream at dinner. He gives you free money. He gives you a Universe where nothing can hurt you. And you can do whatever the heck you want without consequence.

    Again, you don’t know or just claim you don’t.

    No, you rail against God. For reasons that are partly obscure to me.

  23. 23
    bornagain77 says:

    ChuckyD at 19,

    It might interest you to know that recently Ford Prefect, (in the Galton Board thread at post 301), also ridiculed me for bringing up the Shroud of Turin. He claimed that the Shroud of Turin is an easily refuted fraud from the Middle Ages. Specifically he stated, “A fraud that the fraudster is on record of admitting his fraud”.

    Yet, that oft repeated false claim from atheists has been debunked.

    Why is the Turin Shroud Not Fake? – Giulio Fanti* – December 04, 2018
    Excerpt: Assertions on the Shroud history
    Without going into detailed historical discussions, various authors [2,10,11] have highlighted several traces of the presence of the Shroud from the first centuries after Christ and have reported the controversy with P. d’Arcy. They evidence that the bishop, envious for the great number of persons that visited the exhibition, thus deserting his church, declared that the Shroud was a painted relic. Today we know that the Relic is certainly not a paint. It is curious to add that some these documents about the Shroud were even officially corrected a posteriori. Instead, we must observe that a numismatic study on the Byzantine coins minted starting from 692 AD [4] shows, with a probability very close to 100% that the Shroud was taken as a model for the representation of Christ. The presence of the Shroud of Jesus in the first centuries AD it is not only confirmed by numismatic analysis, but also by numerous examples of Byzantine iconography.
    https://juniperpublishers.com/gjaa/pdf/GJAA.MS.ID.555715.pdf

    There are quite a few other ‘small’ problems with the oft repeated false claim from atheists that the Shroud is a fraud. For instance, the carbon dating that had supposedly dated to the Middle Ages has now been overturned.

    Specifically, the carbon dating question has been thoroughly addressed and refuted by Joseph G. Marino and M. Sue Benford in 2000. Their research, with textile experts, showing the carbon testing was done with a piece of the Shroud which was subject to expert medieval reweaving in the 1500’s had much historical, and photographic, evidence behind it. Their historical, and photographic, evidence was then scientifically confirmed by chemical analysis in 2004 by none other than Raymond Rogers, the lead chemist on the STURP team. Thus, the fact that a false age was shown by the 1988 carbon testing has now been established.

    Shroud of Turin – Carbon 14 Test Proven False –
    – Joseph G. Marino and M. Sue Benford – video
    (with Raymond Rogers, lead chemist from the STURP project)
    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GxDdx6vxthE

    Studies on the radiocarbon sample from the shroud of turin – Raymond N. Rogers – 2004
    Abstract
    In 1988, radiocarbon laboratories at Arizona, Cambridge, and Zurich determined the age of a sample from the Shroud of Turin. They reported that the date of the cloth’s production lay between A.D. 1260 and 1390 with 95% confidence. This came as a surprise in view of the technology used to produce the cloth, its chemical composition, and the lack of vanillin in its lignin. The results prompted questions about the validity of the sample.
    Preliminary estimates of the kinetics constants for the loss of vanillin from lignin indicate a much older age for the cloth than the radiocarbon analyses. The radiocarbon sampling area is uniquely coated with a yellow–brown plant gum containing dye lakes. Pyrolysis-mass-spectrometry results from the sample area coupled with microscopic and microchemical observations prove that the radiocarbon sample was not part of the original cloth of the Shroud of Turin. The radiocarbon date was thus not valid for determining the true age of the shroud.,,,
    The fact that vanillin can not be detected in the lignin on shroud fibers, Dead Sea scrolls linen, and other very old linens indicates that the shroud is quite old. A determination of the kinetics of vanillin loss suggests that the shroud is between 1300- and 3000-years old. Even allowing for errors in the measurements and assumptions about storage conditions, the cloth is unlikely to be as young as 840 years.
    per: Thermochimica Acta (Volume 425 pages 189-194, Los Alamos National Laboratory, University of California)
    http://www.shroud.it/ROGERS-3.PDF

    Rogers passed away shortly after publishing that paper, but his work was ultimately verified by scientists from the Los Alamos National Laboratory:

    Carbon Dating Of The Turin Shroud Completely Overturned by Scientific Peer Review
    Excerpt: Rogers also asked John Brown, a materials forensic expert from Georgia Tech to confirm his finding using different methods. Brown did so. He also concluded that the shroud had been mended with newer material. Since then, a team of nine scientists at Los Alamos has also confirmed Rogers work, also with different methods and procedures. Much of this new information has been recently published in Chemistry Today.
    http://shroudofturin.wordpress.....s-of-time/

    “Analytical Results on Thread Samples Taken from the Raes Sampling Area (Corner) of the Shroud Cloth” (Aug 2008)
    Excerpt: The age-dating process failed to recognize one of the first rules of analytical chemistry that any sample taken for characterization of an area or population must necessarily be representative of the whole. The part must be representative of the whole. Our analyses of the three thread samples taken from the Raes and C-14 sampling corner showed that this was not the case……. LANL’s work confirms the research published in Thermochimica Acta (Jan. 2005) by the late Raymond Rogers, a chemist who had studied actual C-14 samples and concluded the sample was not part of the original cloth possibly due to the area having been repaired.
    – Robert Villarreal – Los Alamos National Laboratory
    http://www.ohioshroudconference.com/

    Shroud Carbon Dating Overturned – Robert Villarreal – press release video
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RlFTVv2l0L4

  24. 24
    bornagain77 says:

    As well, newly developed ‘non-destructive’ dating methods have now placed the age of the Shroud at the time of Christ

    Why is the Turin Shroud Authentic? – Giulio Fanti* – November 2018
    Conclusion excerpt: If, as discussed above, by authenticity of the Shroud is meant a funerary sheet, of very ancient manufacture, of about 2000 years ago, that wrapped the corpse of a man hard tortured and dead on a cross, all the scientific clues considered seem favorable to this hypothesis.
    Six [8, 10-14] out of seven independent dating methods (and [9] has been widely criticized) indicate that this linen Sheet is datable to a period including the first century after Christ. The most important Relic of Christianity wrapped a corpse. The blood traces correspond to those of a tortured man. The body image cannot be explained, but the most reliable hypotheses refer to an intense and probably very brief burst of energy. The corpse, endowed with considerable corpse rigidity, remained wrapped in the Shroud for a short period, not exceeding forty hours. All these clues therefore confirm the authenticity of the Shroud [27]
    https://juniperpublishers.com/gjaa/pdf/GJAA.MS.ID.555707.pdf

    Evidence for the Shroud’s authenticity (Timeline of facts) –
    What Is the Shroud of Turin? Facts & History Everyone Should Know – Myra Adams and Russ Breault – November 08, 2019
    https://www.christianity.com/wiki/jesus-christ/what-is-the-shroud-of-turin.html

    New technology suggests Shroud of Turin is 2,000 years old – April 2022
    Excerpt:,,, a new dating technology has placed the fabric within the time of Christ.
    WAXS
    The study was conducted by Dr. Liberato de Caro of Italy’s Institute of Crystallography of the National Research Council, in Bari. Dr. de Caro has employed a method known as “Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering,” or WAXS, which measures the natural aging of flax cellulose and converts it to time since manufacture.
    The process has several key features that make it more desirable than radiocarbon dating, not least of which that it is completely non-destructive to the samples.,,,
    De Caro explained that the WAXS method was used on a variety of samples of historical textiles that have been documented to be aged from 3000 BC to 2000 AD. He placed the Shroud of Turin against these samples and found that it best matched a piece of fabric known to have come from the siege of Masada, Israel, in 55-74 AD.,,,
    Pollen
    De Caro also noted some exciting elements that could help trace the shroud’s history and migration from the Middle East to Europe. He noted that the samples of the shroud contained samples of pollen from the ancient region of Palestine, which could not have originated in Europe.
    https://aleteia.org/2022/04/22/new-technology-suggests-shroud-of-turin-is-2000-years-old/

    Now that the flawed carbon dating has finally been overturned, all the other major lines of evidence that strongly indicated the Shroud is authentic, lines of evidence which atheists have simply ignored, now converge and establish the Shroud as authentic.

    8 Reasons Why The Shroud Of Turin Might Be The Burial Cloth Of Jesus
    By Brian Chilton – April 25, 2017
    1) The 1988 carbon-dating test was flawed
    2) The blood on the Shroud is authentic
    3) The image on the Shroud is not a painting
    4. The pollen on the Shroud is found exclusively in the Jerusalem area
    5. The wounds of the man on the Shroud match the details of Jesus’s crucifixion
    6. The points of the face match those of the earliest portraits of Jesus
    7. The identical position and type of blood on the face of the Shroud with that of the Sudarium of Oviedo.
    8. ,,, high-powered ultraviolet radiation used to make the image on the Shroud.
    http://reasonsforjesus.com/8-r.....-of-jesus/

    Perhaps the best piece of evidence that Shroud is not a fraud is the simple fact that the technology that was needed to produce the shroud did not exist in the Middle Ages. And still today, with all our advanced technology, we still cannot reproduce the Shroud in all its detail.

    “the closest science can come to explaining how the image of the Man in the Shroud got there is by comparing the situation to a controlled burst of high-intensity radiation similar to the Hiroshima bomb explosion which “printed” images of incinerated people on building walls.”
    – Frank Tribbe – Leading Scholar And Author On Shroud Research

    Shroud Of Turin Is Authentic, Italian Study Suggests – December 2011
    Excerpt: Last year scientists were able to replicate marks on the cloth using highly advanced ultraviolet techniques that weren’t available 2,000 years ago — nor during the medieval times, for that matter.,,, Since the shroud and “all its facets” still cannot be replicated using today’s top-notch technology, researchers suggest it is impossible that the original image could have been created in either period.
    http://www.thegopnet.com/shrou.....ests-87037

    Scientists say Turin Shroud is supernatural – December 2011
    Excerpt: After years of work trying to replicate the colouring on the shroud, a similar image has been created by the scientists.
    However, they only managed the effect by scorching equivalent linen material with high-intensity ultra violet lasers, undermining the arguments of other research, they say, which claims the Turin Shroud is a medieval hoax.
    Such technology, say researchers from the National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (Enea), was far beyond the capability of medieval forgers, whom most experts have credited with making the famous relic.
    “The results show that a short and intense burst of UV directional radiation can colour a linen cloth so as to reproduce many of the peculiar characteristics of the body image on the Shroud of Turin,” they said.
    And in case there was any doubt about the preternatural degree of energy needed to make such distinct marks, the Enea report spells it out: “This degree of power cannot be reproduced by any normal UV source built to date.”
    http://www.independent.co.uk/n.....79512.html

    Moreover, the Shroud image has a very enigmatic photographic negative, 3-D holographic, characteristic to it.

    Shroud of Turin: From discovery of Photographic Negative, to 3D Information, to Hologram – video
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F-TL4QOCiis

    Basically, we have a clothe with a photographic negative image on it that was made well before photography was even invented. Moreover, the photographic negative image has a 3-Dimensional holographic nature to its image that was somehow encoded within the photographic negative well before holography was even known about. Moreover, even with our present day technology, we still cannot replicated the image in all its detail.
    My question to atheists is this, if you truly believe some mad genius forger in the middle ages made this image, then please pray tell why did this mad genius save all his genius for this supposed forgery alone and not for, say, inventing photography itself since he surely would have required mastery of photography to pull off the forgery? Not to mention the invention and mastery of laser holography? Moreover, why did this hypothetical mad super-genius destroy all of his scientific instruments that he would have had to invent in order to make the image? Leonardo da Vinci would not have been worthy to tie the shoe laces of such a hypothetical mad super-genius!

    As Silver Asiatic commented,

    These are big questions to deal with. I’ve never seen any of the shroud-skeptics address this.
    We see claims that “the shroud is a forgery” and then the discussion ends with that. It seems obvious to me that the skeptics are afraid to go any further and are just relieved that they “silenced” the shroud.
    But wait – yes, who was this forger? We have 3-D, photographic image of amazing subtlety and refinement. Yes, it’s something that transcends the genius of Leonardo DaVinci. We continue to use 21st century technology just to try to reproduce it.
    But nobody knows the name or origin of this artistic genius? There is no evidence of a workshop or artistic guild where this innovative creation was designed? Nobody from history ever mentioned this person? This genius-artist only produced this one masterpiece work – a holographic image on a cloth (containing pollen traceable to Jerusalem)? It was not framed or put on display. Not sold to anyone. The artist got nothing from creating it. Even the name of the genius artist disappeared. He never influenced any other artists. No family, friends, artistic community – not even the parish church – ever knew or said who he was?
    Amazingly, we only discovered the true power of the image when we took a photo negative of it in the 20th century. Yes, where are the medieval instruments used to create it? Everything was just accidentally lost?
    – Silver Asiatic

    Verse:

    John 20:3-8
    Peter therefore went out, and the other disciple, and were going to the tomb. So they both ran together, and the other disciple outran Peter and came to the tomb first. And he, stooping down and looking in, saw the linen cloths lying there; yet he did not go in.
    Then Simon Peter came, following him, and went into the tomb; and he saw the linen cloths lying there, and the handkerchief that had been around His head, not lying with the linen cloths, but folded together in a place by itself. Then the other disciple, who came to the tomb first, went in also; and he saw and believed.

  25. 25
    bornagain77 says:

    In the same thread, and per Querius responding to Ford Prefect’s hand waving dismissal of the Shroud, let’s not forget the Sudarium of Oviedo.

    Querius,
    ,,, the shroud of Turin is the most intensely studied cloth in human history, employing chemical analysis of the dirt in it, the weave pattern, blood type analysis (type AB), holographic 3D imaging, C-14 dating (flawed due to contamination by a medieval re-weaving that repaired a charred corner of the original cloth), pollen analysis, and even some cutting-edge technologies.

    The Sudarium of Oviedo, Spain, is the face cloth that once covered the face of a crucified man for a few hours. It seems to match up with the face area on the shroud of Turin—wound locations, blood flows, type AB blood . . . and they have different provenances. Here are some references:

    https://www.shroud.com/guscin.htm

    And here’s a scientific article on the subject from 2015:
    https://www.shs-conferences.org/articles/shsconf/abs/2015/02/shsconf_atsi2014_00008/shsconf_atsi2014_00008.html

    And photos
    http://www.shroudofturin.us/

    As to the claim “the shroud of Turin is the most intensely studied cloth in human history”, here is a fairly lengthy list of the Scientific Papers and Articles on the Shroud

    Scientific Papers and Articles on the Shroud
    https://www.shroud.com/papers.htm

  26. 26
    relatd says:

    Ba77,

    What we see here is the same thing I saw and heard in the 1960s. “You know what the problem is with you Catholics? All you do is listen to the Pope.” Who should I listen to? You? And who the heck are you?

    The hellscape of the internet is partly filled with people who are pained by the fact that some people – even in the 21st Century – still listen to their priests, their ministers and their Church.

    Luke 16:30

    ‘And he said, ‘No, father Abraham, but if someone goes to them from the dead, they will repent.’

    16:31

    ‘He said to him, ‘If they do not hear Moses and the Prophets, neither will they be convinced if someone should rise from the dead.’”

  27. 27
    relatd says:

    I will add this. In the abscence of any higher reference point than themselves, men will only listen to other men. ‘See. See. This “great” man will tell you the whole story about something.” I don’t think so.

    Man is not God. But some men understand that they can do science and describe reality WITH the understanding that there is a Creator, not blind, unguided chance,.

  28. 28
    Viola Lee says:

    re 20 to Sev: FYI, you’ve gotten your regular recyclers of quotes mixed up. It is KF who regularly reminds us of the Lewontin quote, not BA.

  29. 29
    Querius says:

    Dogdoc @8,

    Well, I build motorcycles, even though I myself possess no tires.

    Fair enough. Why do you build motorcycles with wheels?

    What would make sense for “Spinoza’s god” to build humans with a conscience capable of engineering excellence, a sense of justice, honor, conscience, creativity, logic, wisdom . . . and the power to generate unimaginable horrors and obtain the technology to very possibly obliterate the world by pushing a button?

    Would you build a motorcycle with square wheels?

    -Q

  30. 30
    Viola Lee says:

    I don’t think it would be accurate to say Spinoza’s God “built humans”. Spinoza’s God created a world where all sorts of things could happen, including humans, but he hasn’t been involved in managing the kinds of things the universe can produce, and has produced. I know this is an idea of God foreign to you, but you should accurately portray the idea of God that you disagree about, I think.

  31. 31
    Querius says:

    Bornagain77 @25,

    Thank you–I’m honored to be quoted by you. 🙂

    What you’re presenting is EVIDENCE of the involvement of a loving and caring Creator in human history.

    I once had an epiphany when examining a Stellaria media specimen under a B&L binocular dissection/inspection microscope near the upper end of 10.5-45X for an elective botany class.

    I was completely stunned by the beauty that I observed that day. The stigma atop the pistil appeared like a delicate glass crown, each point ended with a tiny glass globe. Each stamen comprised a filament that looked like a curved glass rod topped with a bright crimson anther shaped like an highly elongated golf ball. As I watched, one of the anthers burst open, spilling out pollen that appeared like transparent golden balls. Wow!

    The thought that then struck me was “Who would care.” In other words, if it were up to me, I wouldn’t waste time on such incredible beauty accessible on flower parts on a common weed that are not visible without the aid of a microscope.

    Here’s a view under much lower magnification:
    https://www.inaturalist.org/taxa/53298-Stellaria-media

    An here’s some hidden beauty invisible to the eye:
    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28038935/

    -Q

  32. 32
    Querius says:

    Viola Lee @30,

    Yes, it’s certainly a valid logical argument from a dearth of evidence. But . . .

    What I’m trying to get Spinoza’s admirers to consider is that there is indeed accessible evidence contradicting the nature of this philosophical and supposedly disinterested “god.”

    For example, the design one can observe in the stunning complexity within a cell and the multitude of interlocking chemical cycles does not convey disinterest. It conveys exactly the opposite!

    When Dogdoc spends hundreds of hours building a motorcycle, does this convey to you disinterest and marginal involvement of intention on his part?

    While you will undoubtedly assert that it does, then what evidence can you provide?

    And don’t bother with suffering:

    1. God created us with free will.

    2. God wrapped himself in a human body and allowed Himself to be tortured to death on our behalf.

    3. For the purpose of allowing us the choice of either demanding His perfect justice, or accepting his mercy and forgiveness for our callous, selfish, and hurtful choices.

    -Q

  33. 33
    groovamos says:

    @6:
    The Universe is wonderful beyond our imagination. For the most part it is also implacably hostile to human life.

    True. Except for one little speck. Called Earth. You know, the place which actually created human life, a place so welcoming to humans, that they kind of magically and randomly happened, according to the 19th century wizard of beneficent nature.

    it doesn’t look like we were the intended beneficiary of this munificence.

    I gotta tell you, sitting here on a wet, cold day with warm air blowing out of the ceiling, tasty breakfast, a warm shower, coffee and a computer sitting on one’s lap, one feels like an actual beneficiary.

    But that’s just me. Who am I to take away from one’s life grievances and complaints.

  34. 34
    Viola Lee says:

    Q: I know you hold your religious views strongly, but they are just religious/metaphysical assertions, not arguments against some other view, such as Spinoza’s. We believe very different things, and will have to leave it at that, I think.

  35. 35
    dogdoc says:

    Querius@29,

    When Dogdoc spends hundreds of hours building a motorcycle, does this convey to you disinterest and marginal involvement of intention on his part?

    You judge me to be interested and involved and intentional in my motorcycle projects because you know I am a human being who can experience ranges of emotion and display various traits of personality. But God is not a human being. I think it’s clear that God would not experience anticipatory butterflies in His stomach when He tries to start an engine that He has just rebuilt, the way I do. Why? Because He has no stomach. I’m not trying to being humorous, I mean this quite literally. Our emotions derive from the unified operation of our bodies and minds (as explained quite beautifully by Antonio Damasio, and generally in modern neuroscience). Our emotions are integral to our entire mentality – our motivations, our intellect, our conscience, and so on. And our emotions demonstrably arise from our embodied selves, not from mere computations in our brains or from immaterial soul-stuff. In light of this, I believe it makes no sense to posit a being that experiences human-like mentality without a biological body. However God created life, the universe, and everything, He did not experience conscious thoughts and desires the way humans do. He is not a person.

  36. 36
    vividbleau says:

    “I believe in the Grand Canyon and think it is 6000 feet deep and was created by water erosion. Someone else might think it is 9000 feet deep and was created over the course of an afternoon by an omnipotent god. But we both believe in the Grand Canyon.”

    So one person believe in a God that is triune, personal, all just, all knowing, immutable, all holy, wrathful, merciful ,loving, eternal. The other person believes in Spinoza’s God. You are saying they both believe in the same God?

    Vivid

  37. 37
    jerry says:

    Using logic, one can assess what is likely.

    Some entity with massive intelligence and power created this universe in a very specific way.

    This entity had to know what the result would be. It would be very unlikely that this wasn’t planned and intended.

    Entities with minds resulted and were thus, most likely planned. To think it was happenstance and there was not a plan for these entities is ludicrous.

    People can believe anything they want but the objective is most likely logical and not whimsical.

    So this is a good place to start.

    Aside: There is no need to believe this creative entity has to be physically like us but there is no reason to assume our minds are not similar in some ways.

  38. 38
    Viola Lee says:

    Good post, DogDoc. I’d add that attributing “interest in” what happens in the world is another example of anthropomorphically likening God to human beings. Whatever “God” may be, it’s nature is vastly inaccessible to us, I think.

  39. 39
    relatd says:

    VL at 38,

    I suggest reading the Bible.

  40. 40
    vividbleau says:

    VB “If the God you believe in corresponds with what “is “then my God does not exist thus I don’t believe in God because my God does not exist”.

    DD “Sorry, I don’t think that came out the way you intended. The fact that something doesn’t exist has never kept people from believing in it. You know, Bigfoot? Luminiferous ether?”

    You are mistaken it came out exactly the way it was intended. I never said that the fact that something doesn’t exist keeps people from believing it. Anyway thanks for making my point.

    Vivid

  41. 41
    PyrrhoManiac1 says:

    @30

    Spinoza’s God created a world where all sorts of things could happen, including humans, but he hasn’t been involved in managing the kinds of things the universe can produce, and has produced. I know this is an idea of God foreign to you, but you should accurately portray the idea of God that you disagree about, I think.

    I can’t speak to how Dogdoc reads Spinoza, or how Einstein read Spinoza.

    But on my reading of Spinoza, it is very important to emphasize that Spinoza’s God is not a Creator. He is did not design the universe, intend it, will it — at all. This is because, in order for any of that to be right, God would have to be distinct from the universe — and that is exactly what Spinoza denies.

    A distinction between God and the universe would be, for Spinoza, like a distinction between a person’s body and their height. Sure, it can make sense to talk about their height, but it’s not like the height is something separate from the body that can just be strolling about the place all by itself.

    If Spinoza’s God is not a Creator, then why are there beings like us? Here I think Spinoza’s answer is bound to be unsatisfying: there are beings like us because (1) God can conceive of beings like us, because nothing about us violates the law of non-contradiction and (2) God necessarily does everything that He can conceive of.

    We exist, not because He chose to create us, but only because He can conceive of us and He makes real everything that He can conceive of. This means that there necessarily really exists, somewhere and somewhen in the infinity and eternity that is God, every conceivable version of each and every one of us (along with each and every person who could have existed).

  42. 42
    vividbleau says:

    “But on my reading of Spinoza, it is very important to emphasize that Spinoza’s God is not a Creator.”

    DD you can add “creator” to my list.

    Vivid

  43. 43
    dogdoc says:

    Vivid,

    So one person believe in a God that is triune, personal, all just, all knowing, immutable, all holy, wrathful, merciful ,loving, eternal. The other person believes in Spinoza’s God. You are saying they both believe in the same God?

    When is something the same, vs. different, is actually a very interesting philosophical problem. The answer to whether two things are the same is usually “yes and no”. I would submit that there is a myriad of conceptions of what people call “God”, and it’s rather less important to establish which are the same and which are different, and more important to discuss what, if anything, there is in any of these many accounts that can be shown to be true.

    VB: I never said that the fact that something doesn’t exist keeps people from believing it.
    VB: If the God you believe in corresponds with what “is “ then my God does not exist thus I don’t believe in God because my God does not exist.

    Sorry but this certainly seems to me like you mean that if your God does not exist then you do not believe in God.

  44. 44
    dogdoc says:

    Viola Lee,

    I’d add that attributing “interest in” what happens in the world is another example of anthropomorphically likening God to human beings. Whatever “God” may be, it’s nature is vastly inaccessible to us, I think.

    I could not agree more.

  45. 45
    relatd says:

    Ba77,

    Here we see some running away from God at the greatest speed. For others, they can hide in an alternate reality called the Multiverse. As the saying goes, you can’t run or hide.

    Luke 8:17

    “For nothing is hidden that will not be made manifest, nor is anything secret that will not be known and come to light.”

  46. 46
    bornagain77 says:

    PM1: “This means that there necessarily really exists, somewhere and somewhen in the infinity and eternity that is God, every conceivable version of each and every one of us (along with each and every person who could have existed).”

    So you mean there really is a universe somewhere where there exists a version of PM1 that believes in the personal God of Christianity and thinks that Spinoza’s non-personal god is a bunch of hogwash?

    Seems PM1, (very much like atheists who invoke the multiverse to avoid the problem of fine-tuning), is “going to war against an army of theists riding on the horns of a great pink beast known to his tribesman as “The Saddlehorn Dilemma.”

    And our ToE is just one among an infinity of mathematical structures, each of them its own universe. If Tegmark is correct, there must exist a slightly different mathematical structure, whose equations are emblazoned on another T-shirt, wherein I am Tegmark’s psychiatrist rather that a physicist. I do not believe a word of it. Paraphrasing Danny, I may be a blockhead but I am certainly not a mathematical structure akin to a triangle.
    – Sheldon Glashow – Nobel laureate
    https://inference-review.com/letter/a-hand-waving-exact-science

    Why Most Atheists (must) Believe in Pink Unicorns – May 2014
    Excerpt: Given an infinite amount of time, anything that is logically possible(11) will eventually happen. So, given an infinite number of universes being created in (presumably) an infinite amount of time, you are not only guaranteed to get your universe but every other possible universe. This means that every conceivable universe exists, from ones that consist of nothing but a giant black hole, to ones that are just like ours and where someone just like you is reading a blog post just like this, except it’s titled: “Why most atheists believe in blue unicorns.”
    By now I’m sure you know where I’m going with this, but I’ll say it anyway. Since we know that horses are possible, and that pink animals are possible, and that horned animals are possible, then there is no logical reason why pink unicorns are not possible entities. Ergo, if infinite universes exist, then pink unicorns must necessarily exist. For an atheist to appeal to multiverse theory to deny the need of a designer infers that he believes in that theory more than a theistically suggestive single universe. And to believe in the multiverse means that one is saddled with everything that goes with it, like pink unicorns. In fact, they not only believe in pink unicorns, but that someone just like them is riding on one at this very moment, and who believes that elephants, giraffes, and zebra are merely childish fairytales.
    Postscript
    While it may be amusing to imagine atheists riding pink unicorns, it should be noted that the belief in them does not logically invalidate atheism. There theoretically could be multiple universes and there theoretically could be pink unicorns. However, there is a more substantial problem for the atheist if he wants to believe in them and he wants to remain an atheist. Since, as I said, anything can happen in the realm of infinities, one of those possibilities is the production of a being of vast intelligence and power. Such a being would be as a god to those like us, and could perhaps breach the boundaries of the multiverse to, in fact, be a “god” to this universe. This being might even have the means to create its own universe and embody the very description of the God of Christianity (or any other religion that the atheist otherwise rejects). It seems the atheist, in affirming the multiverse in order to avoid the problem of fine-tuning, finds himself on the horns of a dilemma. The further irony is that somewhere, in the great wide world of infinities, the atheist’s doppelganger is going to war against an army of theists riding on the horns of a great pink beast known to his tribesman as “The Saddlehorn Dilemma.”
    https://pspruett.wordpress.com/2014/05/12/why-most-atheists-believe-in-pink-unicorns/

    Here is a fairly recent post on fine tuning from the same author,

    The Fine-Tuning Argument – July 31 – pspruett
    Concluding paragraph: Ultimately, though, each person must ask him or herself not what do the gatekeepers of “science” approve, but what is it I believe to be true about this universe. I’ll wager that God would be unimpressed by someone, from any age present or past, who stands before Him and says, “Sure, nature has the ‘appearance‘ of design, but, see, we had these theories… and we also expected that one day we’d eventually have concrete solutions to explain all of this ‘(appearance of design”).”
    https://pspruett.wordpress.com/2022/07/31/the-fine-tuning-argument/

  47. 47
    Viola Lee says:

    re 39, to relatd. I’m familiar with the Bible. It’s important literature, but I don’t consider it true.

  48. 48
    relatd says:

    VL at 47,

    I understand.

  49. 49
    Querius says:

    Dogdoc @35,

    While I agree that God is not a human, I also noticed that you shifted from my specific point on intention and purpose over to your visceral reaction and emotion. These are emphatically not the same! Right?

    -Q

  50. 50
    dogdoc says:

    Querius @49,

    While I agree that God is not a human, I also noticed that you shifted from my specific point on intention and purpose over to your visceral reaction and emotion. These are emphatically not the same! Right?

    My point was not merely that God is not human, but also that God is not a person – not something that possesses the traits that we consider necessary for personhood, such as sentience; self-awareness; conscious beliefs, desires and intentions; hopes and fears; and on and on. I did not shift my point – I merely used “butterflies in the stomach” as one example. Again, read Damasio or other contemporary cognitive scientists to appreciate how integral our somatic systems (not just our brains) are to the entire scope of our mentality, absolutely including our priorities, intentions and sense of purpose.

  51. 51
    Querius says:

    Viola Lee @34,

    Q: I know you hold your religious views strongly, but they are just religious/metaphysical assertions . . .

    No, my trust not “just” assertions . . . There are four foundations to my trust:

    1. An amazing peace, joy, and love fills and overflows my life every day. This experience is based on the Bible’s promise that my sins have all been forgiven now that I’ve confessed them to God and have accepted Yeshua (his name in Hebrew) as the one who completely paid for my sins.

    2. The Word of God teaches me things that make me wiser (or perhaps not so foolish), guides me, encourages me, reveals new things to me, and makes me more mature. The Holy Spirit engraves good things into my life, often through suffering. I don’t like suffering, but it gets my attention. The Word of God profoundly shapes my character.

    3. The “chains of trust” that stretch through history including
    • Eye-witness testimonies passed on to us by the people who knew Jesus personally
    • Profoundly transformed lives that have been passed from generation to generation
    • Acts of faithfulness and kindness between people, some of whom are much less fortunate

    These chains of trust trace paths through everything nasty and dirty that the world can throw at them including

    • Persecution and slander
    • Corruption, lies, and fraudulent documents and theories
    • Fakes, phonies, and con artists (there are plenty of these)

    The links in these chains of trust extend back from me through many generations of faithful men and women all the way back to the wonderful, miraculous events in the early church, and then to Yeshua himself, the Son of God (or as my brothers and sisters in India say, the only begotten avatar of God) who revealed himself by doing things that only God can do. The events around the life of Yeshua had profound impact on a superstitious world infested with hordes of false gods and religions.

    4. Ancient Biblical prophecies, including those about the coming Messiah that were fulfilled by Yeshua of Nazareth. While the historically fulfilled prophecies will certainly be met with scoffing, how about some prophecies for the FUTURE described in the Bible including:

    • A massive invasion of Israel from regions now known as Turkey, Iran, Southern Russia, and some smaller countries but NOT including Egypt, Jordan, Syria, Iraq, and with the disapproval of southern Arabian countries. Israel will miraculously survive.

    • Global warming
    • One third of the oceans dying.
    • A “star” named “wormwood” hitting the earth and poisoning a third of fresh water sources. Coincidentally, there’s a town in Ukraine named “wormwood,” or as it’s known in Ukraine, Chernobyl.
    • A massive city on seven hills being destroyed in one hour.

    I know you probably think these are highly unlikely or simply lucky guesses.

    . . . not arguments against some other view, such as Spinoza’s. We believe very different things, and will have to leave it at that, I think.

    My beef with Spinoza is his binary logic, which if applied to physics, would give us only Aristotelian physics. But, sure let’s leave it at that.

    -Q

  52. 52
    chuckdarwin says:

    Apropos Spinoza’s God, something I had not thought about for years rekindled my curiosity after listening to one of WLC’s podcasts a few days ago. Christians have never come up with a coherent rationale to answer the question why did God create the universe (and humans) in the first instance?
    Craig pointed out the absolute “completeness” (aseity) of God, a doctrine I hadn’t heard since college. God neither desires nor needs anything. By adding the triune aspect of God to the mix, this lack of rationale becomes even more problematic insofar as God doesn’t even lack “companionship” because that “need” is fulfilled through the interaction of the three personages that comprise the trinity.
    Now personally, I find this whole trinity idea a silly ad hoc concoction to justify claims for Jesus’ divinity. Nonetheless, Craig’s claim for God’s aseity simply makes any rationale for a personal God that much farther out of reach…….

  53. 53
    Querius says:

    Dogdoc @50,

    Yes, I do have trouble with a concept of a non-being who lacks “sentience; self-awareness; conscious beliefs, desires and intentions; hopes and fears; and on and on” accidentally creating everything we experience in the world, including our own “sentience; self-awareness; conscious beliefs, desires and intentions; hopes and fears; and on and on.”

    Such a non-being doesn’t make logical sense when you consider the complexity of a cell, the hundreds of interdependent chemical cycles needed to maintain life, the fact that anything at all exists (mass-energy, space-time, dark matter, dark energy, the laws of physics, and on and on) and that it all magically appeared out of nothing. But I agree with you that God is not a man nor is God contained in space-time, nor has a stomach.

    -Q

  54. 54
    Querius says:

    Chuckdarwin @52,

    I’ve heard of these philosophical claims as well–and consider them flawed at several points, including:

    1. What’s the likelihood of our understanding a God hypothesized to have an IQ of a billion? Incidentally, Lao Tsu had an excellent response to people to projected their explanations onto the Dao.

    2. The absurdity of exaggerated binary logic becomes quickly apparent when one crashes into the question, “Can an ALL POWERFUL god create a rock that he cannot lift?”

    So, William Lane Craig, is god all powerful or not? Spinoza sometimes does the same thing.

    -Q

    P.S. I’ve given up trying to teach our highly intelligent poodle how to solve simple linear equations. See what I mean?

  55. 55
    Origenes says:

    We can say “God is impersonal and we have no way of knowing how such a mind works” and leave it at that, but I have some questions:

    Can we conceive of something impersonal as intelligent? Computers do not count, because they are designed. In us, the “I” is in control and directs thoughts toward an end. Can a mathematical problem be solved when no “I” is in control? If thoughts go their own way without a “master” to serve, without hierarchy. Without the person, the “I”, who judges thoughts on truth value, can there be order/coherency in an impersonal mind?
    How do you make decisions if there is no “I”? If there is no one who can make decisions? Can you fine-tune the universe when you are not a person, how can the operation succeed without any central control?
    How does the belief in an impersonal God make sense, exactly?

  56. 56
    dogdoc says:

    Querius @53,

    Yes, I do have trouble with a concept of a non-being who lacks “sentience; self-awareness; conscious beliefs, desires and intentions; hopes and fears; and on and on” accidentally creating everything we experience in the world, including our own “sentience; self-awareness; conscious beliefs, desires and intentions; hopes and fears; and on and on.”

    I’m not sure it’s right to say that God created everything that we experience, any more that it’s right to say the person who wrote the alphabet song wrote everything (an old Steven Wright joke).

    But assuming that the meaning of the word “god” does entail being the creator of everything, how do you know the world’s creation by a non-being (by which I take it you mean a non-person) was necessarily “accidental”? In fact, what is it that you mean by “accidental”? Just that it wasn’t consciously intended by a human-like mind? Lots of things happen without conscious intent, of course. Are rainstorms “accidents”?

    Such a non-being doesn’t make logical sense when you consider the complexity of a cell, the hundreds of interdependent chemical cycles needed to maintain life, the fact that anything at all exists (mass-energy, space-time, dark matter, dark energy, the laws of physics, and on and on) and that it all magically appeared out of nothing. But I agree with you that God is not a man nor is God contained in space-time, nor has a stomach.

    You suggest a binary choice here: Either existence was intentionally designed by a conscious (non-human) person, or it “magically appeared out of nothing”. I think that is a false choice. I don’t believe in magic, and nor do I believe in disembodied persons who have human-like minds.

    But I don’t think you’ve engaged my main point here: I think it is extremely hard to doubt the findings of the neurological and cognitive sciences that show how emotions are an inseparable aspect of our mentality in toto, and also inseparable from our corporeality, making it unlikely that a disembodied person could exist at all, much less be able to do things like create matter and energy.

    And from @55:

    We can say “God is impersonal and we have no way of knowing how such a mind works” and leave it at that,…

    I would argue that using the word “mind” is already pre-loading the concept of a personal God.

    …but I have some questions:

    Can we conceive of something impersonal as intelligent?

    Depends what you mean by “intelligent”! You mean “able to create complex machines”? “Conscious deliberate thinker”?

    Computers do not count, because they are designed.

    How does being designed disqualify a computer from being intelligent? I would hazard that you believe that you are also designed – does that mean you are not intelligent either? (Usually when I point that out people respond by asserting humans’ God-granted libertarian free will, but that’s not what you said). Of course computers are intelligent, albeit wildly different from the way that humans are.

    In us, the “I” is in control and directs thoughts toward an end. Can a mathematical problem be solved when no “I” is in control? If thoughts go their own way without a “master” to serve, without hierarchy. Without the person, the “I”, who judges thoughts on truth value, can there be order/coherency in an impersonal mind?
    How do you make decisions if there is no “I”? If there is no one who can make decisions? Can you fine-tune the universe when you are not a person, how can the operation succeed without any central control?

    I think it might help for you to reconsider each of these questions, but instead of asking how they can occur without a conscious “I”, ask how they can occur with a conscious “I”? Anyway I’m sure you’re aware that there is a gigantic literature of philosophy of mind that deals with these questions, and now for the first time there are scientific results (experimental philosophy) that may inform the answers. But I contend that it is nothing but anthropomorphic projection to believe that God is conscious in any way that we can imagine. Besides, humans have a very long history of projecting anthropomorphic entities to explain mysterious phenomena in the world.

  57. 57
    Viola Lee says:

    Very long history, and of an extremely wide variety. Of course we project how we see ourselves into the the stories we make up about mysterious phenomena: animism is the most primitive, deep-seated form of religion.

  58. 58
    Belfast says:

    A few comments,
    Einstein’s statement was put in a cable, it was an answer to a Do-you-believe-in-God question.
    PM’s analogy of height and person is a useful illustration of the significant feature of Spinoza’s God.
    In Book One of his Ethics, Spinoza postulates that nature is causeless, indivisible, whole, substantial. Outside of nature, there is nothing. This nature, unified and necessary, is what Spinoza calls God. “Because of the inherent necessity of nature,” he says, “nothing has a purpose. All the talk about God’s plans, intentions or goals are fictions; I have explained the nature and properties of God. I have shown that he necessarily exists, … lastly, that all things are predetermined by God, not through his free will or absolute fiat, but from the very nature of God or infinite power.”
    Spinoza, however, was difficult to pin down on whether God is blasé about humanity. Spinoza held that humanity should love God, but, in the Fifth Book of Ethics, he left it entirely open whether God reciprocated the love; in other words humanity should love God, impliedly doing what humanity thought was God’s will, but didn’t say if God loved his creation in return.
    Spinoza strongly denied that God took any delight in Einstein’s “harmony.” Spinoza had no such view; in fact, he condemned that view. ‘There are men lunatic enough to believe, that even God himself takes pleasure in harmony; indeed, there are philosophers who have persuaded themselves that the motions of the heavens produce a harmony.” Among Spinoza’s lunatics was Kepler who had put himself offside with Spinoza when he had published ‘Harmonies of the World’ in 1619, which tied together planetary orbits, musical theory, and Platonic solids. However, Spinoza had equal contempt for other astronomers, including Galileo.
    The ‘clearly designed’ laws that Darwin once described and the existence of a transcendental inscrutable intelligence of Einstein, Planck, Hoyle, and others, impute a Supreme Mathematician, one who is unequalled, other-worldly, indifferent to the life created, and who lets the devil take the hindmost.
    ‘Spinoza’s God’, then, seems an acceptable solution for scientists who accept neither an eternal universe nor a creation of a universe from nothing.
    The qualitative difference, then, between an Abrahamic God, and a universal intelligence, or spirit, or force which runs the universe, lies in this being’s disposition towards humanity; either caring or uncaring. This suggests that if the opening lines of Genesis: “In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth… “ are replaced with, “Before the beginning was some sort of eternal force, or intelligence perhaps, or information, or energy, or something, which created everything that exists, matter and energy;” the wording would be acceptable to many scientists, not excluding those who are uncertain of an Abrahamic God; one with a record of warning what can befall deliberate violations of commandments.
    In brief, the vague, only partly understood, ‘Spinoza’s God’ exists today for the main purpose of allowing one to comfortably deny that he or she is an actual atheist, while still allowing sneering at the concept of a Christian God and the practices of His followers.
    Apologise for the length.

  59. 59
    Viola Lee says:

    I believe one can believe that the Christian God does not exist and the beliefs of Christianity are not true without “sneering” at any of that.

    I have no trouble saying that I am an atheist in that I don’t believe any of the religious ideas of humankind, past or present, are true, and yet also accepting philosophical speculations about God, in the most generic sense, such as Spinoza’s, as reasonable to consider. Your attribution of motive certainly doesn’t apply to me.

    I also don’t think this attitude is confined to “scientists” (I am not a scientist, and many scientists are religious), but rather applies to a large number of people interested in and knowledgeable about comparative philosophy and comparative religion.

  60. 60
    Belfast says:

    Viola Lee @59.
    I doubt if anyone here would even fleetingly think that you were one who sneers at another’s opinion, nevertheless the increase of Spinoza fanciers following Einstein’s remark about 80 years ago is noticeable, and the point is still valid.
    Announcing that one believes in Spinoza’s God may be characterised as a preemptive ploy through saying, in different words, “I’m on your side. I believe in God, too” then going on to ‘wonder’ and ‘hint’ and ‘worry’ and ‘doubt’ about some aspect of, generally, Christianity.
    One who “accepts” Spinoza’s God need not worry about origin of the universe – the universe IS God, one need not wonder about the origin of life, life IS God, one need not wonder about the origin of matter, matter IS God. Thus, on many serious questions an “acceptor” of Spinoza’s God is unassailable in debate; he or she has eliminated the serious questions that many have, and one may snipe away, if one has a motive to jeer at, or raise doubts in, another’s belief rather than genuinely seek an understanding of the actual issue.

  61. 61
    Querius says:

    Dogdoc @56,

    But assuming that the meaning of the word “god” does entail being the creator of everything, how do you know the world’s creation by a non-being (by which I take it you mean a non-person) was necessarily “accidental”? In fact, what is it that you mean by “accidental”? Just that it wasn’t consciously intended by a human-like mind?

    Yes, my word choice of “accidental” was imprecise. A better word would have been “unintentional.”

    How the creation of an incredibly complex universe could have been created without intention—or perhaps intentionally but without purpose—is for me hard to imagine. How could one be able to determine this with any kind of confidence or what kind of evidence could demonstrate this to be the case?

    I don’t believe in magic, and nor do I believe in disembodied persons who have human-like minds.

    That’s fine, but what you believe and what’s reality are not necessarily identical. The Bible clearly states that God’s thoughts and ways are incomprehensible to those of a human. So, no to an anthropomorphic mind.

    The Bible also states the following concept in the literal Greek by way of an ordinary Galilean fisherman:

    “In the beginning was the Logos and the Logos was with God and the Logos was God. This one was in the beginning with God. All through him existed, and apart from him, not even one thing existed which exists.”

    In Greek, the word “logos” is broadly a word/concept, a statement, a speech, a reason, a direct cause, and reasoning (logic) expressed by words.

    I think it is extremely hard to doubt the findings of the neurological and cognitive sciences that show how emotions are an inseparable aspect of our mentality in toto, and also inseparable from our corporeality, making it unlikely that a disembodied person could exist at all, much less be able to do things like create matter and energy.

    That might be true of humans, but why are you projecting a human mind on a non-human Creator who of necessity would exist outside our universe and outside time?

    -Q

  62. 62
    Querius says:

    Belfast @60,

    One who “accepts” Spinoza’s God need not worry about origin of the universe – the universe IS God, one need not wonder about the origin of life, life IS God, one need not wonder about the origin of matter, matter IS God.

    It always has amazed me how someone can believe that the (pantheistic) universe created itself and life created itself. The concept reminds me of the time-reversed version of the Ouroboros, namely a snake that regurgitates itself into existence. Ick.

    -Q

  63. 63
    bornagain77 says:

    Belfast at 58 and 60.

    Thanks.

  64. 64
    Origenes says:

    DogDoc @56

    I think it might help for you to reconsider each of these questions, but instead of asking how they can occur without a conscious “I”, ask how they can occur with a conscious “I”?

    Perhaps I have been unclear. My question is about coherence.
    Let me try to formulate my question differently. When we observe a cat, we see that all its aspects, (internal organs, eyes, legs, tail, and so on) are functional to the whole; let’s call it the ‘self’. This hierarchical relationship leads to the coherence of the organism. If instead, the parts, e.g. the legs, would not serve the cat but ‘go their own way’ independent of the cat, then no coherent ‘cat.’
    If someone would suggest that we can conceive of a cat without a ‘self’ for the parts to serve, I would ask similar questions, such as: how can the organism be a coherent thing when the legs, eyes, and so on, have no self to serve? Where is the coherence when all the parts have nothing to aim for?

    I would suggest that, in order to be coherent, the items in an intelligent mind, such as thoughts, like the parts of a cat, also need a ‘self’. And in my view, that can only be an “I”.

    So, again, my question is: how can an impersonal God have coherence?

  65. 65
    jerry says:

    It’s interesting the extent to which people will make up gobbledygook in order to justify being against something.

    The universe certainly doesn’t necessarily point to the Christian God but it certainly points to a creator who cares about part of that creation, namely life. The Earth and the fine tuning of everything for life does that.

    We find commenters everywhere not just on UD whose sole motivation seemed to be driven by being against the obvious and what is logical. I’m sorry but Spinoza’s ideas don’t make any logical cut.

  66. 66
    PyrrhoManiac1 says:

    @58

    Thanks, that is a helpful exegesis of Spinoza’s position. I would add a few further points, hopefully this clarifies rather than muddles things further.

    1. Spinoza constructs his system with a priori definitions of “substance” and of “God.” A “substance,” he says, is something that can be wholly comprehended by considering its own essential nature, and doesn’t need to be understood in terms of anything other than itself. This is a very radical and subversive definition of substance! He also defines God as a being of absolutely unlimited power. These two definitions allow him to argue that God is the only substance.

    2. There is a long-standing tension within the philosophical-theological traditions (i.e. Christianity, Judaism, and Islam) oriented by the two poles of Greek/Hellenistic/Roman metaphysical speculation and ethical monotheistic revealed religion. At many different times and places, different theological philosophers urge a priority of “the God of the philosophers” over “the God of Scripture”, or conversely, or urge a rapprochement of the two. Within the Christian tradition, perhaps the greatest attempt at rapprochement was made by Thomas Aquinas — though he was building on the similar projects of Maimonides and ibn-Rushd (known in Latin as Averroes).

    3. Spinoza is, I think, an intriguing (and for some, compelling) figure in the history of philosophy because he undertook a radical separation of the God of the philosopher and the God of Scripture. Against all Judeo-Islamic-Christian traditions, Spinoza went to the furthest extreme in arguing for the God of the philosophers and against the God of Scripture. (This is why he was excommunicated from his family’s synagogue.)

    4. This is why Spinoza is able to develop a completely non-anthropomorphic conception of God — in effect making the same argument against the God of Scripture that Xenophanes and Plato made against the gods of Greek mythology. Hence Spinoza’s God is not a lord, king, or sovereign; it would be bonkers to worship, thank, or praise Him; He does not create, or do anything out of volition, choice, purpose, or intention. Spinoza’s God is the whole of the entire universe; He is not a person. ‘

    5. Spinoza’s philosophical God does an intellect, but this is (as I read it) nothing other than the fact that the universe has a rational structure. Or, put otherwise, the divine intellect is the rational structure of the universe, just as the divine extension is the physical stuff of the universe. In this respect Spinoza is still very much an Aristotelian hylomorphist: God as substance has form (intellect) and matter (extension), as do all of the “modes”, including human beings. But it is hylomorphism without teleology: since there is only one infinite and eternal substance, there is nothing external to it, no larger system in which it is embedded — hence God (the Universe) cannot have any goals or purposes. It simply necessarily is.

  67. 67
    AnimatedDust says:

    Jerry @ 65: Well said.

    Either we conform our desires to the truth, or we conform the truth to our desires.

    –Os Guiness

  68. 68
    chuckdarwin says:

    Belfast/58

    The qualitative difference, then, between an Abrahamic God, and a universal intelligence, or spirit, or force which runs the universe, lies in this being’s disposition towards humanity; either caring or uncaring.

    I think this is a valid contrast as far as it goes–although I would probably take issue with this entity “run[ning] the universe.” However, as I pointed out @ 52, to me, the fundamental problem with the Christian God (I’m not familiar enough with the Jewish or Muslim versions to comment) vis a vis creation is not whether he “cares” about his creation, but why he needed to create it in the first place. Despite its flaws, Spinoza’s “pantheism” at least solves that problem….

  69. 69
    jerry says:

    but why he needed to create it in the first place

    But He did!

    So deal with that. Not make up something like a need that is irrelevant.

    This comment is a perfect example of someone against something generating nonsense.

  70. 70
    AnimatedDust says:

    CD @ 58: That question is answered very early in the first chapter of Genesis. The short answer is because he wanted to. To share the eternally co-existing love between the father/son/holy spirit with all of us.

  71. 71
    PyrrhoManiac1 says:

    @68

    However, as I pointed out @ 52, to me, the fundamental problem with the Christian God (I’m not familiar enough with the Jewish or Muslim versions to comment) vis a vis creation is not whether he “cares” about his creation, but why he needed to create it in the first place. Despite its flaws, Spinoza’s “pantheism” at least solves that problem….

    I had a back-and-forth with someone at UD about this issue a few weeks ago. We were discussing it in terms of the principle of sufficient reason: is it consistent with the PSR to suppose that God created the universe? I was arguing that it’s not; they were arguing that is. We didn’t resolve the issue (no surprise).

    But, that exchange did help focus my mind on the following distinction:

    1. what should we believe about the nature and possible origin of the universe in light of contemporary cosmology and theoretical physics?
    2. what should we believe about the nature and possible origin of the universe in light of a commitment to the principle of sufficient reason as a metaphysical principle?

    These need not align.

    From talking with people who do philosophy of physics (and from reading Sean Carroll), I am inclined to think that with regard to what science can say, it is a brute fact that the universe is eternal.

    That is, we have reason to believe (based models grounded in recent work in theoretical physics) that the universe had no beginning, but theoretical physics is silent as to why the universe has the fundamental physical properties that it does.

    That would be, at any rate, one way of indicating the distinction between scientific metaphysics and speculative metaphysics at the present time.

  72. 72
    jerry says:

    Thanks to Animated Dust.

    Just ordered Os Guinness’s book, “ Time For Truth”

    In postmodern society, truth no longer exists in any objective or absolute sense. At best, truth is considered relative. At worst, it’s a matter of human convention. But, as Os Guinness points out in this book, truth is a vital requirement for freedom and a good life.

    Time for Truth urges readers to seek the truth, speak the truth, and live the truth. Guinness shows that becoming free and truthful people is the deepest secret of integrity and the highest form of taking responsibility for ourselves and our lives. Now in paperback, this engaging book will interest Os Guinness fans, thoughtful readers, and those concerned with moral, political, and cultural issues.

    https://www.amazon.com/Time-Truth-Living-Free-World/dp/0801064031

    Aside: an elderly friend said to me several years ago that a popular expression in his youth was

    Build me a tower 90 ft high so I can be safe when the bull starts to fly.

    No shortage of bull here.

  73. 73
    jerry says:

    it is a brute fact that the universe is eternal

    this is so obviously nonsense.

    Another example of specious thinking. It’s entirely consistent with the incoherence of other comments here.

    Another reason why Spinoza is bull is that his ideas lead to nonsense. So guys, it’s time to retire Spinoza from the rhetoric here.

    But that will not stop the silliness. They are driven by the incoherence of only being against. They do not have an alternative.

    I wonder why!!!!

  74. 74
    AnimatedDust says:

    PM1 @ 68: …brute fact that the universe is eternal.

    I bet there aren’t five atheist astrophysicists who would agree with that statement of preference. The Big Bang disproved that on the front end, and the expansion and extrapolated contraction disprove it on the other.

    Jerry this is prima facie evidence of people who conform the truth to their desires, as so well stated by Guiness.

  75. 75
    PyrrhoManiac1 says:

    this is so obviously nonsense.

    Maybe to you it’s obviously nonsense. That doesn’t mean anything besides your own inability to understand it.

    The reasoning here is pretty straightforward:

    1. General relativity gives us a model of the universe as having boundaries, and the closer one gets to those boundaries, the curvature of space-time becomes incalculable.

    2. Some empirical discoveries, such as the redshift of distant quasars and galaxies and the presence of cosmic background microwave radiation, seemed to support the idea that the universe began in a state at one of those boundaries (“the Big Bang”) and has evolved away from that boundary.

    3. General relativity cannot be entirely correct (though it has some important predictive and explanatory success!) because it is not compatible with quantum mechanics.

    4. In some models based on recent work in theories of quantum gravity, the universe does not have boundaries.

    5. Those models are also consistent with the evidence mentioned in (3).

    So, if these recent models based on quantum gravity are correct (and right now we don’t know if they are or not), the universe had no beginning.

    But that would not explain why the universe has the fundamental physical structure that it does. It would only show that the universe was not created insofar as science can say anything about that at all.

  76. 76
    Viola Lee says:

    The statement about the universe being eternal must be, I think, in reference to some larger meta-universe of which our universe is a part because, as AnimatedDust points out, the strong consensus is that our universe had a beginning at the Big Bang.

  77. 77
    PyrrhoManiac1 says:

    @76

    The statement about the universe being eternal must be, I think, in reference to some larger meta-universe of which our universe is a part because, as AnimatedDust points out, the strong consensus is that our universe had a beginning at the Big Bang.

    Sure, but let’s take a moment to notice the basis for that consensus: it lies in the fact that general relativity gives us a model of the universe that explains some astronomical observations.

    The problem is that general relativity is almost certainly false.

    Or, better put, there exists some other theory, a theory of quantum gravity (QG), where GR stands to QG as classical mechanics stood to GR: as being good enough to generate reliable predictions under specific conditions. Newtonian mechanics is good enough as long as things aren’t too small, too big, or moving too fast.

    But just as classical mechanics breaks down when things are too small (allowing for quantum weirdness), too big (generating massive spatio-temporal distortions), or moving too fast (also generating spatio-temporal distortion as velocity increases), so too there could be cases where general relativity breaks down.

    The conjecture of some recent work in quantum gravity is that the boundaries of the universe are precisely such a case: the reason why there seem to be boundaries, where spatio-temporal curvature goes asymptotically infinite, is because there’s something deeply amiss with the theory of general relativity itself.

  78. 78
    jerry says:

    Eternity leads to nonsense.

    No way around it. Name one thing that is impossible in eternity that is not possible. Answer – nothing. It must have happened.

    No one can answer this question. So it must have been created a finite time ago. So I hate to disappoint anyone who thinks otherwise. An eternal past is a non-sequitur whether in this universe or some other existence.

    Logic is a problem. But as we know, logic is not something that those who oppose ID use.

  79. 79
    PyrrhoManiac1 says:

    No way around it. Name one thing that is impossible in eternity that is not possible. Answer – nothing. It must have happened.

    I don’t understand this line of reasoning.

    Is the suggestion that in an eternal and infinite universe, every physically possible event must have taken place at some region of space-time?

    I can understand why this might seem weird or off-putting, but why is it nonsense?

  80. 80
    jerry says:

    why is it nonsense

    it means this conversation has happened an infinite number of times.

    That is funny in itself but it also means there are an infinite number of entities with unlimited power and intelligence. So not just one God but an infinite number of them.

    Let’s go Zeus!

    That’s what those who invoke Spinoza are advocating.

    So just one God and a finite universe. Now there could be more than one universe but it too would have to be finite. But only one creator.

  81. 81
    relatd says:

    CD at 68,

    Your fundamental problem is this: God must be reduced to a man. So only MEN can comment on the nature of God. Until you view God as far superior to men, you will/can only defer to human commentators. And no matter how interesting or brilliant they may be, they are only men.

    “Catechism of the Catholic Church

    ‘III. “THE WORLD WAS CREATED FOR THE GLORY OF GOD”

    “293 Scripture and Tradition never cease to teach and celebrate this fundamental truth: “The world was made for the glory of God.”134 St. Bonaventure explains that God created all things “not to increase his glory, but to show it forth and to communicate it”,135 for God has no other reason for creating than his love and goodness: “Creatures came into existence when the key of love opened his hand.”136 The First Vatican Council explains:

    ‘This one, true God, of his own goodness and “almighty power”, not for increasing his own beatitude, nor for attaining his perfection, but in order to manifest this perfection through the benefits which he bestows on creatures, with absolute freedom of counsel “and from the beginning of time, made out of nothing both orders of creatures, the spiritual and the corporeal. . .”137

    ‘294 The glory of God consists in the realization of this manifestation and communication of his goodness, for which the world was created. God made us “to be his sons through Jesus Christ, according to the purpose of his will, to the praise of his glorious grace”,138 for “the glory of God is man fully alive; moreover man’s life is the vision of God: if God’s revelation through creation has already obtained life for all the beings that dwell on earth, how much more will the Word’s manifestation of the Father obtain life for those who see God.”139 The ultimate purpose of creation is that God “who is the creator of all things may at last become “all in all”, thus simultaneously assuring his own glory and our beatitude.”140 ‘

  82. 82
    relatd says:

    PM1 at 75,

    “2. Some empirical discoveries, such as the redshift of distant quasars and galaxies and the presence of cosmic background microwave radiation, seemed to support the idea that the universe began in a state at one of those boundaries (“the Big Bang”) and has evolved away from that boundary.”

    Boundary? Boundary of what? Nothing? Consider that there was NOTHING and then Bang, something. In other words, science fails to explain what the Big Bang expanded into.

    A few words about Redshift.

    https://www.amazon.com/Seeing-Red-Redshifts-Cosmology-Academic/dp/0968368905

  83. 83
    relatd says:

    PM1 at 77,

    I think Einstein got it wrong because the math failed. Moving at the speed of light results in infinite mass? Light moves at the speed of light and photons have particle and wave attributes. Cosmic rays have been clocked as moving faster than light.

    “Cosmic rays, which are ultra-high energy particles originating from all over the Universe, strike… [+] The fast-moving charged particles also emit light due to Cherenkov radiation as they move faster than the speed of light in Earth’s atmosphere, and produce secondary particles that can be detected here on Earth.”

    So the particles produce secondary particles? Interesting and unexplained.

    It reminds me of the Sound Barrier problem. No manned aircraft could move through the air at a speed faster than sound (10,000 feet per second). But that problem was solved and supersonic flight is possible.

  84. 84
    PyrrhoManiac1 says:

    @80

    That is funny in itself but it also means there are an infinite number of entities with unlimited power and intelligence. So not just one God but an infinite number of them.

    With regard to contemporary cosmology, even if quantum gravity were to show that the universe is eternal and infinite, everything in the universe would still be constrained by the laws of physics (whatever those turn out to be). So not everything that’s logically possible would be physically possible.

    That’s what those who invoke Spinoza are advocating.

    In a way, it’s even worse than that: not only does Spinoza collapse nomological modality and logical modality, but he also collapse possibility and necessity. The result is that it is necessarily true that all logical possibilities are fully actualized.

    I don’t think that is nonsense, but I don’t it fully makes sense, either. Anyway, I don’t accept it, and that’s one of the main reasons why I’m not really an orthodox Spinozist: I admire his system, he has some really profound insights (more in his moral psychology, ethical theory, and political theory), but his metaphysics cannot be entirely correct.

  85. 85
    AnimatedDust says:

    *1000 FPS. Not 10000. (And roughly at sea level)

  86. 86
    PyrrhoManiac1 says:

    @83

    Cosmic rays have been clocked as moving faster than light.

    Cosmic rays are faster than the speed of light in Earth’s atmosphere — but GR claimed that nothing can be faster than the speed of light in a vacuum. So this observation doesn’t falsify GR.

  87. 87
    relatd says:

    AD at 85,

    Thank you for the correction. Most supersonic flight does not occur at roughly sea level.

  88. 88
    jerry says:

    So not everything that’s logically possible would be physically possible.

    no one said this.

    I certainly didn’t. But anything physically possible must have happened Including an infinite number of entities with infinite intelligence and infinite power.

    That is what logic tells us.

    Aside: all of these entities could change what is physically possible. As I said it is nonsense.

    Aside2: Any infinite universe/universes is an impossibility.

    Are we getting rid of Spinoza? That would be a good thing.

  89. 89
    AnimatedDust says:

    Related, of course not, but the speed changes with altitude.

  90. 90
    chuckdarwin says:

    PM1/77

    The problem is that general relativity is almost certainly false.
    Or, better put, there exists some other theory, a theory of quantum gravity (QG), where GR stands to QG as classical mechanics stood to GR: as being good enough to generate reliable predictions under specific conditions. Newtonian mechanics is good enough as long as things aren’t too small, too big, or moving too fast.

    It’s good that you qualified your statement about general relativity. As the theoretical physicist and philosopher Thomas Kuhn pointed out in his classic The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, prior working theories are not false or wrong but rather become inadequate. They are subsumed by the new paradigm and still remain useful. For example, Newtonian physics landed us on the moon.
    I believe among physicists, including cosmologists, there is the feeling that development of a theory of quantum gravity will represent the next true paradigm shift in physics. I also think it is pretty clear that cosmology is beginning to re-think the Big Bang as the absolute beginning of the universe. In addition to Carroll, there are a number of other top-drawer cosmologists, including Roger Penrose and Allan Guth (of BGV Theorem fame) who have expressed that it is likely that the universe is either eternal or part of an eternal process such as Penrose’s conformal cyclic cosmology. Knowing that this would be a fatal blow to premise (2) of the Kalam sacred cow, Christian apologists are apoplectic about these eternal models, as we are likely to find out in due course…….

  91. 91
    relatd says:

    PM1 at 86,

    So Cosmic Rays speed up in Earth’s atmosphere? I don’t think so. Again, Einstein got it wrong. He tried to do math but failed when the numbers did not change over at (function) equals speed of light. He failed to predict any novel effects, much like quantum mechanics which has novel BUT LIMITED effects. Calling it “weird” explains nothing.

    Do you know what happens to an aircraft or spacecraft moving at high speeds in the atmosphere? A shock wave is created. The air molecules can’t move out of the way fast enough. A space capsule coming in for reentry has flames appearing at the base. It needs a heat shield. An ablative heat shield.

    I propose the following. A spacecraft approaching the speed of light will experience similar effects. Hydrogen atoms will create a type of obstacle. A type of friction will occur. The spacecraft will need a force field/electrical field to repel any atoms it encounters. At the speed of light, a phase transition occurs. The spacecraft will either turn into energy or enter non-standard space. Once in non-standard space it will continue on course until the engines are throttled back to a lower speed.

    Until this can be done, manned missions to Mars will be as far as anyone can go.

  92. 92
    relatd says:

    AD at 89,

    So what? Until 2003 you could fly on the Concorde at supersonic speeds.

  93. 93
    jerry says:

    who have expressed that it is likely that the universe is either eternal or part of an eternal process such as Penrose’s conformal cyclic cosmology

    Nothing physical can have existed eternally.

    So this is self referentially nonsense. Does that mean it belongs on the other thread?

    If anyone wonders why all this nonsense keeps repeating, it’s because it’s Groundhog Day.

  94. 94
    relatd says:

    CD at 90,

    “… Newtonian physics landed us on the moon.” Wernher von Braun and his team of German specialists landed us on the Moon.

  95. 95
    Viola Lee says:

    Others, including me, have discussed ideas related to relativity with relatd, and I’m pretty sure there’s a lot he doesn’t understand correctly.

  96. 96
    relatd says:

    VL at 95,

    I doubt it. First, you don’t know me.

  97. 97
    dogdoc says:

    Querius @61,

    Yes, my word choice of “accidental” was imprecise. A better word would have been “unintentional.”

    Agreed. I think the key property is “consciousness” – is God the sort of thing that could experience consciousness? I think it’s clear the answer is no, since consciousness is dependent upon brain function.

    How the creation of an incredibly complex universe could have been created without intention—or perhaps intentionally but without purpose—is for me hard to imagine.

    But the creation of a universe by a disembodied being who exists outside of spacetime isn’t exactly easy to imagine either, right?

    How could one be able to determine this with any kind of confidence or what kind of evidence could demonstrate this to be the case?

    Exactly, which is why I think we should have no confidence that we understand anything about God at all.

    The Bible clearly states that God’s thoughts and ways are incomprehensible to those of a human. So, no to an anthropomorphic mind.

    YES! Couldn’t agree more. But what I often find is that while stating that God is incomprehensible, theists proceed to make statements about God’s thoughts, plans, desires, emotions, intentions, and so on – all anthropomorphic traits.

    That might be true of humans, but why are you projecting a human mind on a non-human Creator who of necessity would exist outside our universe and outside time?

    Actually I’m doing exactly the opposite: Attributing human-like qualities (like conscious thought) to God is just what I am objecting to.

    If someone would suggest that we can conceive of a cat without a ‘self’ for the parts to serve, I would ask similar questions, such as: how can the organism be a coherent thing when the legs, eyes, and so on, have no self to serve? Where is the coherence when all the parts have nothing to aim for?

    The “self” is a thorny concept philosophically; I think it implies conscious self-awareness, which in turn exists only in living physical organisms. A robot can be intelligent and coherent and purposeful without a self (and again, the fact that robots are designed by people do not disqualify them from being intelligent any more than being designed by God disqualifies humans from being intelligent).

    I would suggest that, in order to be coherent, the items in an intelligent mind, such as thoughts, like the parts of a cat, also need a ‘self’. And in my view, that can only be an “I”. So, again, my question is: how can an impersonal God have coherence?

    God is incomprehensible, and whereof one cannot speak, thereof one must be silent.

  98. 98
    relatd says:

    God is not entirely incomprehensible. If that was true then Christ would not have been born. The Old and New Testaments also contain what God wants us to know.

  99. 99
    relatd says:

    Dogdoc at 97,

    Point me to the robot you are referring to.

    “A robot can be intelligent and coherent and purposeful without a self (and again, the fact that robots are designed by people do not disqualify them from being intelligent any more than being designed by God disqualifies humans from being intelligent).”

  100. 100
    dogdoc says:

    Relatd,

    Point me to the robot you are referring to.

    They certainly aren’t hard to find! Here’s the first link that popped up:

    https://www.hindawi.com/journals/abb/si/140730/

  101. 101
    relatd says:

    Dogdoc at 100,

    These are not robots. They have no intelligence just programs to perform specific tasks. They have no purpose aside from what human beings program into them. A welding robot is called a robot but it has no actual intelligence.

  102. 102
    dogdoc says:

    Relatd,

    These are not robots. They have no intelligence just programs to perform specific tasks.

    From that link:

    Autonomous intelligent robots can operate without human intervention and automatically complete various anthropomorphic tasks in a specific environment. Autonomous intelligent robots are systems composed of perception, data processing, decision-making, and execution, allowing the robots to act and deal with problems like human beings. An essential characteristic of an autonomous intelligent robot is its autonomy and adaptability. Autonomy means performing certain behaviors or tasks entirely autonomously in a specific environment without external control or influence. Adaptability refers to recognizing and measuring surrounding objects in real-time, adjusting its calibration parameters, changing its action strategies, and handling emergencies according to the changes in the environment. Interaction is another critical feature of autonomous robots. Robots can communicate with human beings, the external environment and other robots.

    You don’t appear to be familiar with modern technology. You should read up on it, it’s actually very interesting. One thing you might ponder is that modern AI systems are not essentially programmed to do anything specific except to learn.

    As for purpose, don’t you think the purpose of human life comes from God? If we are designed by God, and given purpose by God, aren’t we just like these robots in that respect? (I predict you will invoke free will, and I will ask you how we can devise an experiment to confirm that humans act with free will but robots don’t, and you won’t be able to).

    Anyway, I’d say the main point here is that consciousness is not required for intelligence (if you dispute the intelligence of intelligent robots please provide an operational definition of the word “intelligence” that these machines fail to satisfy).

  103. 103
    AnimatedDust says:

    Dogdoc at 102: You seem to want us to derive meaning from your comments, but you just tried (and failed) to make the case that no one should derive any meaning from human utterances, because you don’t believe people were designed by God, (because you don’t believe in him.)

    So, follow your case to the end of its logical entailments. You don’t get to be immune from the arguments you’re trying to make. Logic 101. Turn the question on itself.

    Why should we listen to what the bag of physics and chemistry labeled Dogdoc has to say?

    Consciousness isn’t required for intelligence?

    Stupefying.

    Helen Keller could see right through your willful blindess. Yours seems incurable.

  104. 104
    bornagain77 says:

    Dogdoc claims: “I will ask you how we can devise an experiment to confirm that humans act with free will but robots don’t, and you won’t be able to”

    A few notes to the contrary of what Dogdoc claims,

    Algorithmic Information Theory, Free Will and the Turing Test – Douglas G. Robertson – 1999
    ?Excerpt: Chaitin’s Algorithmic Information Theory shows that information is conserved under formal mathematical operations and, equivalently, under computer operations. This conservation law puts a new perspective on many familiar problems related to artificial intelligence. For example, the famous “Turing test” for artificial intelligence could be defeated by simply asking for a new axiom in mathematics. Human mathematicians are able to create axioms, but a computer program cannot do this without violating information conservation. Creating new axioms and free will are shown to be different aspects of the same phenomenon: the creation of new information.?“… no operation performed by a computer can create new information.”?
    http://cires.colorado.edu/~dou...../info8.pdf?

    The mathematical world – James Franklin – 7 April 2014
    Excerpt: the intellect (is) immaterial and immortal. If today’s naturalists do not wish to agree with that, there is a challenge for them. ‘Don’t tell me, show me’: build an artificial intelligence system that imitates genuine mathematical insight. There seem to be no promising plans on the drawing board.,,,
    – James Franklin is professor of mathematics at the University of New South Wales in Sydney.
    http://aeon.co/magazine/world-.....-be-about/

    Of further note, Neuroscience itself, despite the atheist’s denial to the contrary, shows that we do indeed have free will,

    Michael Egnor Shows You’re Not A Meat Robot (Science Uprising EP2)
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rQo6SWjwQIk

    Michael Egnor: Is free will a dangerous myth? – October 6, 2018
    Excerpt: 4.,,, the neuroscientific evidence unequivocally supports the existence of free will. The first neuroscientist to map the brains of conscious subjects, Wilder Penfield, noted that there is an immaterial power of volition in the human mind that he could not stimulate with electrodes. The pioneer in the neuroscience of free will was Benjamin Libet, who demonstrated clearly that, while there is an unconscious material predisposition to acts as shown by electrical brain activity, we retain an immaterial “free won’t,” which is the ability to veto an unconscious urge to act. Many experiments have followed on Libet’s work, most of which use fMRI imaging of brain activity. They all confirm Libet’s observations by showing what is at most a loose correlation between brain activity and volition (for example, nearly half the time the brain activity that precedes the act is on the wrong side of the brain for the activity to determine the will)—the looseness of correlation being best explained as evidence for libertarian free will. Modern neuroscience clearly demonstrates an immaterial component to volition.
    Harari is wrong about free will. It is not a myth. Free will is a real and fundamental aspect of being human, and the denial of free will is junk science and self-refuting logical nonsense.
    https://mindmatters.ai/2018/10/is-free-will-a-dangerous-myth/

    Moreover, in quantum mechanics we also find that, via their free will, “humans are brought into the laws of nature at the most fundamental level.,,,”

    The Trouble with Quantum Mechanics – Steven Weinberg – January 19, 2017
    Excerpt: The instrumentalist approach,, (the) wave function,, is merely an instrument that provides predictions of the probabilities of various outcomes when measurements are made.,,
    In the instrumentalist approach,,, humans are brought into the laws of nature at the most fundamental level. According to Eugene Wigner, a pioneer of quantum mechanics, “it was not possible to formulate the laws of quantum mechanics in a fully consistent way without reference to the consciousness.”11
    Thus the instrumentalist approach turns its back on a vision that became possible after Darwin, of a world governed by impersonal physical laws that control human behavior along with everything else. It is not that we object to thinking about humans. Rather, we want to understand the relation of humans to nature, not just assuming the character of this relation by incorporating it in what we suppose are nature’s fundamental laws, but rather by deduction from laws that make no explicit reference to humans. We may in the end have to give up this goal,,,
    Some physicists who adopt an instrumentalist approach argue that the probabilities we infer from the wave function are objective probabilities, independent of whether humans are making a measurement. I don’t find this tenable. In quantum mechanics these probabilities do not exist until people choose what to measure, such as the spin in one or another direction. Unlike the case of classical physics, a choice must be made,,,
    http://quantum.phys.unm.edu/46.....inberg.pdf

    Cosmic Bell Test Using Random Measurement Settings from High-Redshift Quasars – Anton Zeilinger – 14 June 2018
    Excerpt: This experiment pushes back to at least approx. 7.8 Gyr ago the most recent time by which any local-realist influences could have exploited the “freedom-of-choice” loophole to engineer the observed Bell violation, excluding any such mechanism from 96% of the space-time volume of the past light cone of our experiment, extending from the big bang to today.
    https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.080403

    As newly minted Nobel Laureate Anton Zeilinger stated, “what we perceive as reality now depends on our earlier decision what to measure. Which is a very, very, deep message about the nature of reality and our part in the whole universe. We are not just passive observers.”

    “The Kochen-Speckter Theorem talks about properties of one system only. So we know that we cannot assume – to put it precisely, we know that it is wrong to assume that the features of a system, which we observe in a measurement exist prior to measurement. Not always. I mean in certain cases. So in a sense, what we perceive as reality now depends on our earlier decision what to measure. Which is a very, very, deep message about the nature of reality and our part in the whole universe. We are not just passive observers.”
    – Anton Zeilinger –
    Quantum Physics Debunks Materialism – video (7:17 minute mark)
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=4C5pq7W5yRM#t=437

    Verse:

    Deuteronomy 30:19
    This day I call the heavens and the earth as witnesses against you that I have set before you life and death, blessings and curses. Now choose life, so that you and your children may live

  105. 105
    Origenes says:

    DogDoc @97

    Ori: If someone would suggest that we can conceive of a cat without a ‘self’ for the parts to serve, I would ask similar questions, such as: how can the organism be a coherent thing when the legs, eyes, and so on, have no self to serve? Where is the coherence when all the parts have nothing to aim for?

    The “self” is a thorny concept philosophically; I think it implies conscious self-awareness, which in turn exists only in living physical organisms.

    Besides my point about coherence.

    A robot can be intelligent and coherent and purposeful without a self (and again, the fact that robots are designed by people do not disqualify them from being intelligent any more than being designed by God disqualifies humans from being intelligent).

    Sure, a robot can arguably be called intelligent and coherent. However, the robot has coherency only because that is built in by a conscious intelligent designer. The items are coherent and hierarchically aligned to produce a result.

    Ori: I would suggest that, in order to be coherent, the items in an intelligent mind, such as thoughts, like the parts of a cat, also need a ‘self’. And in my view, that can only be an “I”. So, again, my question is: how can an impersonal God have coherence?

    God is incomprehensible, and whereof one cannot speak, thereof one must be silent.

    God may very well be incomprehensible, but the basic concept of a coherent mind is not, so, you are avoiding answering my question again. A hierarchically coherent mind has an explanation, like the parts of the cat serve the whole, the items of a coherent mind serve the “I”. You propose an impersonal God, you remove hierarchy, the “I”, the source of coherency of the mind, and when you are confronted with the consequences this is your non-answer …

  106. 106
    relatd says:

    Ba77,

    There have been recent claims that robots with sophisticated programs and used for specific tasks are somehow “intelligent.” The standard for measuring intelligence is the human being. Robots, no matter how sophisticated, do not have abstract thoughts. They have no intentionality. Whatever they do is a result of their limited programming. They have no desires.

    I think the mistake being made by some is that while robots can do certain things as well as humans, they do not experience human-level intelligence or consciousness.

  107. 107
    Origenes says:

    Relatd @

    I think the mistake being made by some is that while robots can do certain things as well as humans, they do not experience human-level intelligence or consciousness.

    The argument by Dogdoc & others is, that a non-conscious impersonal God can do clever stuff because a non-conscious robot can also. As in, “look an impersonal God makes sense!”
    However, they overlook that a conscious intelligent designer is required for the robot to be coherent. So, their robot argument fails unless they are prepared to posit a conscious intelligent designer for their impersonal God.

  108. 108
    Ford Prefect says:

    Relatd@106, I think the delusion of human exceptionalism leads us to shift the goalposts whenever anything crosses the arbitrary line in the sand that distinguishes us from…whatever. We saw this with intelligence and abstract thinking in animals. And now we see it with AI. At one time the Turing test was the line in the sand. But not now.

  109. 109
    dogdoc says:

    Origenes @105,

    Sure, a robot can arguably be called intelligent and coherent. However, the robot has coherency only because that is built in by a conscious intelligent designer.

    As for intelligence, you said that computers can’t be intelligent because they are designed, but you never responded when I pointed out that if you believe you are also designed, this implies you are not intelligent either.

    As for centralized hierarchical control – coherence as you call it – there are two things I see wrong your argument there. First, there are many very complex systems that display coherence without centralized or hierarchical control. For one example, a termite colony can build a tower with ventilation shafts, chambers for agriculture, and so on, all without any centralized control. And second, there is nothing contradictory about a non-conscious system that does contain centralized, hierarchical control. There are examples of that everywhere.

    And as for trying to disqualify robots or AI systems as intelligent because they have been designed by us, I once again remind you that if designed systems can’t be intelligent (as you stated) and we are designed (as you believe) then we must not be intelligent… and let’s not go there.

    No, the truth is that a system is either intelligent (or coherent) or not, no matter how it came to exist. My examples of non-conscious intelligence undermine your position, so you try and disqualify them by merely re-asserting your original thesis – that a conscious designer was somehow responsible for the intelligence/coherence in people, and then machines.

    Again to outline your circularity clearly:
    1) Was God conscious? You say yes, I say no I don’t think so.
    2) Part of my argument is that non-conscious things can be intelligent
    3) You attempt to rebut that by reasserting your belief that a conscious God created people, which is assuming your conclusion.

    God may very well be incomprehensible, but the basic concept of a coherent mind is not, so, you are avoiding answering my question again.

    Well, I think I’ve dealt with your coherence objection, so we’re left with “God is incomprehensible”, which I agree with.

    A hierarchically coherent mind has an explanation, like the parts of the cat serve the whole, the items of a coherent mind serve the “I”.

    Well, maybe some minds work like that I guess, though I (and many neuroscientists) don’t think human minds do (we’re just conscious of one thing at a time, but different systems within our brains are constantly and unconsciously processing other things, solving problems, making plans, generating language, etc etc. Read about split-brain patients!). But again – intelligent systems can have a hierarchical/centralized control architecture or a flat/decentralized architecture. I can’t see any relevance between that and the question Is God a conscious thing?

    You propose an impersonal God, you remove hierarchy, the “I”, the source of coherency of the mind, and when you are confronted with the consequences this is your non-answer

    Impersonal God, yes. Removing hierarchy – no, and irrelevant anyway. I think I’ve answered your question.

  110. 110
    vividbleau says:

    CD
    “also think it is pretty clear that cosmology is beginning to re-think the Big Bang as the absolute beginning of the universe. In addition to Carroll, there are a number of other top-drawer cosmologists, including Roger Penrose and Allan Guth (of BGV Theorem fame) who have expressed that it is likely that the universe is either eternal or part of an eternal process”

    No offense but it seems like the words “eternal process” sounds like an oxymoron. Eternal and process connotes change, the things that are changing are moving from one state (potentiality)to another ( actuality) rinse and repeat. There is one state and the process changes to a different state thus neither one can be an eternal state.

    CD “such as Penrose’s conformal cyclic cosmology. Knowing that this would be a fatal blow to premise (2) of the Kalam sacred cow, Christian apologists are apoplectic about these eternal models, as we are likely to find out in due course…….”

    Apoplectic, nice word.

    CD “It’s good that you qualified your statement about general relativity. As the theoretical physicist and philosopher Thomas Kuhn pointed out in his classic The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, prior working theories are not false or wrong but rather become inadequate”

    Great book and a must read, but didn’t Kuhn also think that worldview issues also come into play. For instance Darwin’s theories very much were attuned to the shifting world views of his time.

    CD “I believe among physicists, including cosmologists, there is the feeling that development of a theory of quantum gravity will represent the next true paradigm shift in physics”

    I think so too.I also think that in the field of biology there are shifts coming. I am thinking about some of the ideas put forth in Jeremy Rifkins book “Algeny”

    Vivid

  111. 111
    Querius says:

    Dogdoc @97,

    Agreed. I think the key property is “consciousness” – is God the sort of thing that could experience consciousness? I think it’s clear the answer is no, since consciousness is dependent upon brain function. Agreed. I think the key property is “consciousness” – is God the sort of thing that could experience consciousness? I think it’s clear the answer is no, since consciousness is dependent upon brain function.

    Logic doesn’t depend on “thinking meat,” as one person put it. To paraphrase Bertrand Russell, “If lions had this argument, then they would conclude that humans do not experience consciousness since they’re so different.”

    But the creation of a universe by a disembodied being who exists outside of spacetime isn’t exactly easy to imagine either, right?

    Close. I think your choice of the word disembodied is imprecise. But as one “bronze-age goat herder” wrote:

    “For My thoughts are not your thoughts, nor are your ways My ways,” declares the Lord. “For as the heavens are higher than the earth, so are My ways higher than your ways and My thoughts than your thoughts.” – Isaiah 55:8-9 (NASB)

    And as I wrote before, Lao-Tze wrote something similar about the Tao.

    Exactly, which is why I think we should have no confidence that we understand anything about God at all . . . YES! Couldn’t agree more. But what I often find is that while stating that God is incomprehensible, theists proceed to make statements about God’s thoughts, plans, desires, emotions, intentions, and so on – all anthropomorphic traits.

    And I also share your skepticism regarding their confident assertions. It’s ridiculously unlikely for human logic and intelligence to comprehend, let alone deduce, the scope of God. This necessitates revelation.

    As I said before, my relationship with my poodle does not include his understanding of my thoughts and purposes, nor do I have any illusions about my ability to teach him how to solve simple linear equations. But there’s no doubt we do have a great relationship.

    Actually I’m doing exactly the opposite: Attributing human-like qualities (like conscious thought) to God is just what I am objecting to.

    Or maybe God created us with a miniaturized version of His consciousness—what more intelligent beings might regard as “cute.” This is also why Russell’s assertion “if the lions had a God” can be inverted.

    We’re then left with your original position to which I’ll suggest that God revealed himself to us in a way in which we could relate, trust, and to an extremely limited extent be able to understand.
    Perhaps, this is why the incarnation, the avatar of God, was quoted 2,000 years ago as saying:

    “God is spirit, and those who worship Him must worship in spirit and truth.”

    And . . .

    “I am the way, and the truth, and the life; no one comes to the Father but through Me.”

    Moses asked God for his name. God’s reply was “I am who I am” from which we get the tetragrammaton. I think this is a very fitting “name,” don’t you?

    -Q

  112. 112
    Querius says:

    Dogdoc,

    For your amusement:

    They’re Made Out of Meat
    “They’re made out of meat.”
    “Meat?”
    “Meat. They’re made out of meat.”
    “Meat?”
    “There’s no doubt about it. We picked several from different parts of the planet, took them aboard our recon vessels, probed them all the way through. They’re completely meat.”
    “That’s impossible. What about the radio signals? The messages to the stars.”
    “They use the radio waves to talk, but the signals don’t come from them. The signals come from machines.”
    “So who made the machines? That’s who we want to contact.”
    “They made the machines. That’s what I’m trying to tell you. Meat made the machines.”
    “That’s ridiculous. How can meat make a machine? You’re asking me to believe in sentient meat.”
    “I’m not asking you, I’m telling you. These creatures are the only sentient race in the sector and they’re made out of meat.”
    “Maybe they’re like the Orfolei. You know, a carbon-based intelligence that goes through a meat stage.”
    “Nope. They’re born meat and they die meat. We studied them for several of their life spans, which didn’t take too long. Do you have any idea the life span of meat?”
    “Spare me. Okay, maybe they’re only part meat. You know, like the Weddilei. A meat head with an electron plasma brain inside.”
    “Nope. We thought of that, since they do have meat heads like the Weddilei. But I told you, we probed them. They’re meat all the way through.”
    “No brain?”
    “Oh, there is a brain all right. It’s just that the brain is made out of meat!”
    “So… what does the thinking?”
    “You’re not understanding, are you? The brain does the thinking. The meat.”
    “Thinking meat! You’re asking me to believe in thinking meat!”
    “Yes, thinking meat! Conscious meat! Loving meat. Dreaming meat. The meat is the whole deal! Are you getting the picture?”
    “Omigod. You’re serious then. They’re made out of meat.”
    “Finally, Yes. They are indeed made out meat. And they’ve been trying to get in touch with us for almost a hundred of their years.”
    “So what does the meat have in mind.”
    “First it wants to talk to us. Then I imagine it wants to explore the universe, contact other sentients, swap ideas and information. The usual.”
    “We’re supposed to talk to meat?”
    “That’s the idea. That’s the message they’re sending out by radio. ‘Hello. Anyone out there? Anyone home?’ That sort of thing.”
    “They actually do talk, then. They use words, ideas, concepts?”
    “Oh, yes. Except they do it with meat.”
    “I thought you just told me they used radio.”
    “They do, but what do you think is on the radio? Meat sounds. You know how when you slap or flap meat it makes a noise? They talk by flapping their meat at each other. They can even sing by squirting air through their meat.”
    “Omigod. Singing meat. This is altogether too much. So what do you advise?”
    “Officially or unofficially?”
    “Both.”
    “Officially, we are required to contact, welcome, and log in any and all sentient races or multibeings in the quadrant, without prejudice, fear, or favor. Unofficially, I advise that we erase the records and forget the whole thing.”
    “I was hoping you would say that.”
    “It seems harsh, but there is a limit. Do we really want to make contact with meat?”
    “I agree one hundred percent. What’s there to say?” `Hello, meat. How’s it going?’ But will this work? How many planets are we dealing with here?”
    “Just one. They can travel to other planets in special meat containers, but they can’t live on them. And being meat, they only travel through C space. Which limits them to the speed of light and makes the possibility of their ever making contact pretty slim. Infinitesimal, in fact.”
    “So we just pretend there’s no one home in the universe.”
    “That’s it.”
    “Cruel. But you said it yourself, who wants to meet meat? And the ones who have been aboard our vessels, the ones you have probed? You’re sure they won’t remember?”
    “They’ll be considered crackpots if they do. We went into their heads and smoothed out their meat so that we’re just a dream to them.”
    “A dream to meat! How strangely appropriate, that we should be meat’s dream.”
    “And we can mark this sector unoccupied.”
    “Good. Agreed, officially and unofficially. Case closed. Any others? Anyone interesting on that side of the galaxy?”
    “Yes, a rather shy but sweet hydrogen core cluster intelligence in a class nine star in G445 zone. Was in contact two galactic rotation ago, wants to be friendly again.”
    “They always come around.”
    “And why not? Imagine how unbearably, how unutterably cold the universe would be if one were all alone.”

    -Q

  113. 113
    dogdoc says:

    Querius @111

    Logic doesn’t depend on “thinking meat,” as one person put it.

    Calling our brain “thinking meat” doesn’t really constitute an argument 🙂 By the way I never said brains are sufficient for conscious thought; rather, I’m saying that in our experience they appear to be necessary.

    To paraphrase Bertrand Russell, “If lions had this argument, then they would conclude that humans do not experience consciousness since they’re so different.”

    This is essentially what I’m saying. If God is so different from biological organisms that we shouldn’t expect anthropomorphic mentalistic terms like “consciousness” to apply in any way.

    And I also share your skepticism regarding their confident assertions. It’s ridiculously unlikely for human logic and intelligence to comprehend, let alone deduce, the scope of God.

    Agreed.

    This necessitates revelation.

    Depends what’s revealed, I suppose.

    As I said before, my relationship with my poodle does not include his understanding of my thoughts and purposes, nor do I have any illusions about my ability to teach him how to solve simple linear equations. But there’s no doubt we do have a great relationship.

    I get it – dogs are a huge part of my life (yeah name checks out). But dogs are so similar to people as to be the virutally same, when compared with a noncorporeal conscious being that exists outside of spacetime and created the universe.

    Or maybe God created us with a miniaturized version of His consciousness—what more intelligent beings might regard as “cute.” This is also why Russell’s assertion “if the lions had a God” can be inverted.

    Human-like consciousness requires a living physical body; without that, it’s very unlikely that any consciousness recognizable by us could exist.

    And so I maintain: God is incomprehensible, and whereof one cannot speak, thereof one must be silent.

    And yes I’ve seen the Made of Meat bit – very good!

  114. 114
    Origenes says:

    Dogdoc @

    As for intelligence, you said that computers can’t be intelligent because they are designed (…)

    I wasn’t clear. What I meant to say was, that computers are non-conscious and (arguably) intelligent, but since their coherence is due to a conscious intelligent designer they “do not count” as a relevant example of (self-explanatory) non-conscious (impersonal) intelligence. We are discussing the possibility of a coherent impersonal God with no external explanation.

    As for centralized hierarchical control – coherence as you call it – there are two things I see wrong your argument there. First, there are many very complex systems that display coherence without centralized or hierarchical control. For one example, a termite colony can build a tower with ventilation shafts, chambers for agriculture, and so on, all without any centralized control.

    This is the first actual response to my question about coherence. And you come up with what I believe is the one and only counter-argument available to you: the so-called ‘macro-organism’. First I would like to note that each termite on its own is a coherent thing due to centralized hierarchical control, just like the cat is. So, we cannot really say that the termite colony system functions entirely “without centralized or hierarchical control.” However, at the level of the termite colony as a whole there is no physical presentation of hierarchical control, and this makes it very mysterious. The ‘boss’, the source of top-down organization, seems to be there, but where? Where is the ‘self’ that is being served? This brings me to my second point: the macro-organism is coherent because a (non-physical?) self is being served. We see the same top-down coherence as we always see. What other type of coherence is there?

    And second, there is nothing contradictory about a non-conscious system that does contain centralized, hierarchical control. There are examples of that everywhere.

    Like a robot, or an organism? But here the origin of the centralized, hierarchical control stems from the outside (intelligent design). Those systems cannot explain their inherent centralized, hierarchical control, which is of course the whole problem with the concept of an impersonal God.

    Let me try to parse my concerns into premises and conclusion:

    1. A coherent mind has centralized, hierarchical control (CHC).
    2. An “I” explains CHC.
    3. A non-conscious system with CHC (e.g. robot) requires an external explanation for CHC.
    4. An impersonal God has no CHC because He has no external explanation.
    5. No mind can be coherent without CHC
    6. An impersonal God has no coherent mind.

  115. 115
    bornagain77 says:

    Dogdoc: “Calling our brain “thinking meat” doesn’t really constitute an argument” 🙂

    Jerry Coyne disagrees,

    “You are robots made out of meat. Which is what I am going to try to convince you of today”
    Jerry Coyne –
    No, You’re Not a Robot Made Out of Meat (Science Uprising 02) – video
    https://youtu.be/rQo6SWjwQIk?list=PLR8eQzfCOiS1OmYcqv_yQSpje4p7rAE7-&t=20

    Dogdoc: “By the way I never said brains are sufficient for conscious thought; rather, I’m saying that in our experience they appear to be necessary.”

    It appears that Dogdoc wants to speak for everyone in the world when he says “in our experience”. Yet the ‘experience’ of millions of Near Death Experiencers disagree with Dogdoc’s broad claim for all of humanity’s experience.

    Near-Death Experiences: Putting a Darwinist’s Evidentiary Standards to the Test – Dr. Michael Egnor – October 15, 2012
    Excerpt: Indeed, about 20 percent of NDE’s are corroborated, which means that there are independent ways of checking about the veracity of the experience. The patients knew of things that they could not have known except by extraordinary perception — such as describing details of surgery that they watched while their heart was stopped, etc. Additionally, many NDE’s have a vividness and a sense of intense reality that one does not generally encounter in dreams or hallucinations.,,,
    The most “parsimonious” explanation — the simplest scientific explanation — is that the (Near Death) experience was real. Tens of millions of people have had such experiences. That is tens of millions of more times than we have observed the origin of species , (or the origin of life, or the origin of a protein/gene, or of a molecular machine), which is never.,,,
    The materialist reaction, in short, is unscientific and close-minded. NDE’s show fellows like Coyne at their sneering unscientific irrational worst. Somebody finds a crushed fragment of a fossil and it’s earth-shaking evidence. Tens of million of people have life-changing spiritual experiences and it’s all a big yawn.
    Note: Dr. Egnor is professor and vice-chairman of neurosurgery at the State University of New York at Stony Brook.
    http://www.evolutionnews.org/2.....65301.html

    Dogdoc: “If God is so different from biological organisms that we shouldn’t expect anthropomorphic mentalistic terms like “consciousness” to apply in any way.”

    Dogdoc, you do realize that consciousness, specifically qualia, is forever beyond ‘biological/physical’ explanations do you not? i.e. “the hard problem of consciousness”,,, So the question is not “Why is the infinite Mind of God so different from biological organism, rather the question is “why are biological organisms endowed with consciousness experience at all?”

    As David Chalmers illustrated, under materialistic presuppositions, it is far more likely that we would be merely ‘philosophical zombies’ with no conscious experience at all, rather than biological organisms with the additional feature of subjective conscious experience.

    Darwinists simply have no realistic clue as to why we have this ‘additional feature’ of subjective conscious experience.

    David Chalmers – Why is Consciousness so Mysterious?
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hTIk9MN3T6w

  116. 116
    Origenes says:

    ~ Follow-up #114 ~

    As an aside, just like termites can be regarded to be parts of a larger macro-organism, human cells can be regarded to be parts of a larger macro-organism. Some might argue that between termites there is space and between human cells, there is not. But this is not quite true. For instance, the extracellular space between brain cells comprises ~20% of the total brain volume.

    The question was “What is the source of the top-down control of the termite colony? Where is the ‘boss’?” And the question is intriguing because, in the termite colony, there is no physical representation of the “boss”.
    But where exactly is the physical representation of the “boss” when it comes to the human being, and/or the brain specifically? When we look more closely all we see is a ‘gathering’ (herd?) of distinct individual brain cells somehow orchestrated by a conductor who is just as mysterious and invisible as the one orchestrating the termite colony.

  117. 117
    chuckdarwin says:

    Vivid/110

    Thanks for the comments.

    Honestly, I hadn’t really thought about the term “eternal process” in any kind of technical, philosophical way. You may very well be right that it is an oxymoron (another great word). I was simply trying to convey the “forever” nature of the universe.

    You are also right that Kuhn, especially in the 2nd edition of The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, considered “worldview’ (a word I loathe but am forced to use on occasion) issues in showing how the greater culture has to be ready to assimilate and accommodate a major paradigm shift and how inertia and resistance, particularly those that challenge received knowledge and personal biases, make those shifts so difficult at first. He included a lot of updated material in experimental psychology, particularly the work of Swiss child psychologist and epistemologist, Jean Piaget, to show how cognitive development in individuals follows a predictable path uncannily similar to the development of science, that children also go through paradigm shifts as they assimilate, then accommodate, more and better models of the world. Not surprisingly, Kuhn tends to view Copernicus, Darwin and Einstein among the most radical shifts in the history of science that reflected and affected the culture at large. Most insidious in my opinion is the claim that Darwin made racism “fashionable.”

    After all, look at this blog which comprises some obviously intelligent contributors and how they still react (again, apoplectic comes to mind–LOL) at the mere mention of Darwin. I’ve seen reviews of the Rifkin book but have not read it. Reviews appear to be predictable depending in which camp you have pitched your tent…..

  118. 118
    relatd says:

    FP at 108,

    I think anyone who thinks like this is delusional. Robots have no desires or needs. They have no goals or personal identities.

  119. 119
    relatd says:

    CD at 117,

    “… particularly those that challenge received knowledge and personal biases, make those shifts so difficult at first.”

    Intelligent Design has overthrown Darwinism.

  120. 120
    dogdoc says:

    Origenes @144,

    What I meant to say was, that computers are non-conscious and (arguably) intelligent, but since their coherence is due to a conscious intelligent designer they “do not count” as a relevant example of (self-explanatory) non-conscious (impersonal) intelligence. We are discussing the possibility of a coherent impersonal God with no external explanation.

    But you haven’t taken my point about assuming your conclusion. In order to support your idea that God is conscious, you discount my examples of human-designed technology being intelligent per se, but you only do that by assuming that the designer of humans was conscious – which is exactly what we are debating.

    However, at the level of the termite colony as a whole there is no physical presentation of hierarchical control, and this makes it very mysterious.

    No, I believe it’s actually pretty well understood, at least at a general level (i.e. how swarm intelligence works).

    The ‘boss’, the source of top-down organization, seems to be there, but where? Where is the ‘self’ that is being served?

    No boss, no central control at all. The colony is self-organized, based on simple rules that each type of termite is born hard-wired with.

    This brings me to my second point: the macro-organism is coherent because a (non-physical?) self is being served.

    Sorry, what non-physical self is served by a termite colony?

    [re centralized non-conscious intelligence] Like a robot, or an organism?

    Yes exactly.

    But here the origin of the centralized, hierarchical control stems from the outside (intelligent design).

    Once again you are begging the question (meaning assuming your conclusion).

    Let me try to parse my concerns into premises and conclusion:

    1. A coherent mind has centralized, hierarchical control (CHC).

    If that is how you are defining what a “coherent mind” is then ok. If you are presenting what you think is a true fact about intelligent things, then you are assuming your conclusion again.

    2. An “I” explains CHC.

    As far as I can tell, what you call an “I” is just another name for what you call CHC. So no, there is no explanatory power here at all – it’s a tautology. You’ll need to actually say what an “I” is and how it controls things in order to explain anything.

    3. A non-conscious system with CHC (e.g. robot) requires an external explanation for CHC.

    But there are non-conscious intelligent systems without CHC also.

    4. An impersonal God has no CHC because He has no external explanation.

    I do not understand this at all. Intelligence can arise from CHC or non-CHC systems. You’ve added this requirement for “explanation” now, but I don’t see how that fits in either.

    5. No mind can be coherent without CHC

    I think this is also tautological – it says a mind can’t be coherent if it isn’t coherent?

    6. An impersonal God has no coherent mind.

    As far as I can see, an impersonal God could have centralized or decentralized control – and so could a personal God. The issues of intelligence and centralization of control are simply orthogonal.

    As an aside, just like termites can be regarded to be parts of a larger macro-organism, human cells can be regarded to be parts of a larger macro-organism.

    Yes indeed!!

    The question was “What is the source of the top-down control of the termite colony? Where is the ‘boss’?” And the question is intriguing because, in the termite colony, there is no physical representation of the “boss”.

    There is no representation of the “boss” of a termite colony at all, because there is no “boss” – no centralized control. Reminiscient of Conway’s Game of Life, the intelligent behaviors arise by the interaction of individual components that each follow simple rules.

    But where exactly is the physical representation of the “boss” when it comes to the human being, and/or the brain specifically?

    I think this is actually an open question, although I have a strong opinion about it. Like many others, I believe that consciousness is perceptual rather than causal. Our brains and bodies operate according to their anatomy, physiology, etc, and our conscious awareness is a particular function of our mind that builds a narrative of what is going on inside of us. So yes, I am saying that our “self” is not a “boss” at all.

    When we look more closely all we see is a ‘gathering’ (herd?) of distinct individual brain cells somehow orchestrated by a conductor who is just as mysterious and invisible as the one orchestrating the termite colony.

    There are certainly deep mysteries regarding consciousness, and also about how we think. Termite colonies, however, are only mysterious if you assume there is some invisible centralized control – because there isn’t any.

    Your interest in centralized/decentralized control notwithstanding, my points remain: If by “consciousness” we are referring to the sentient awareness we experience as human beings – with conscious beliefs, desires, emotions, and so on – then it’s very unlikely that a being without a biological body (i.e. God) would be conscious. And your attempts to disqualify my examples from human-designed tech are question-begging.

  121. 121
    chuckdarwin says:

    Relatd/119
    “Intelligent Design has overthrown Darwinism.”

    If by Darwinism you mean natural selection, ID hasn’t made a dent. Outside the pages of Evolution News, Mind Matters and the random book by DI personnel, ID doesn’t exist. Darwin’s original thesis was merged with genetics beginning in the 1920s and evolutionary biology continues to advance. The modern synthesis has since been continually modified with new discoveries in genetics, population dynamics, molecular biology, biochemistry, comparative anatomy and embryology, physiology and paleontology. Just look at the biology curricula in all accredited US colleges (excluding, of course, the few that teach creationism) and you will see that evolution is alive and well.

  122. 122
    asauber says:

    “evolution is alive and well”

    The idea is certainly alive and well in the low-information minds of popular narrative consumers and on the pages of toilet-paper textbooks.

    The theory itself is dead. Long live the amoeba.

    Andrew

  123. 123
    relatd says:

    CD at 121,

    It is clear that evolution continues to be added to scientific observations as an ideology. Actual science involves actual observation and conclusions that can be shown to be true. Tacking on useless comments about what evolution might, may, possibly did is not advancing science. The connection to atheism cannot be ignored either.

    • The Church “proclaims that by the light of reason the human intellect can readily and clearly discern purpose and design in the natural world, including the world of living things.”

    • “Any system of thought that denies or seeks to explain away the overwhelming evidence for design in biology is ideology, not science.”

    “Christoph Cardinal Schönborn is archbishop of Vienna and general editor of the Catechism of the Catholic Church.”

  124. 124
    bornagain77 says:

    CD falsely claims, “If by Darwinism you mean natural selection, ID hasn’t made a dent.”

    Well I wouldn’t say that it was ID that made the dent, per se, but by golly the empirical evidence itself has surely torn natural selection to shreds.

    Evolutionary Theorist Concedes: Evolution “Largely Avoids” Biggest Questions of Biological Origins. –
    August 28, 2017
    Excerpt: Now the Royal Society’s journal Interface Focus offers a special issue collecting articles based on talks from the conference.,,,
    ,,, Here are some other gems from the paper (emphasis added throughout):
    “A rising number of publications argue for a major revision or even a replacement of the standard theory of evolution [2–14], indicating that this cannot be dismissed as a minority view but rather is a widespread feeling among scientists and philosophers alike.”
    That could have appeared in a work from an intelligent design proponent. But wait, it gets even better:
    “Indeed, a growing number of challenges to the classical model of evolution have emerged over the past few years, such as from evolutionary developmental biology [16], epigenetics [17], physiology [18], genomics [19], ecology [20], plasticity research [21], population genetics [22], regulatory evolution [23], network approaches [14], novelty research [24], behavioural biology [12], microbiology [7] and systems biology [25], further supported by arguments from the cultural [26] and social sciences [27], as well as by philosophical treatments [28–31]. None of these contentions are unscientific, all rest firmly on evolutionary principles and all are backed by substantial empirical evidence.”
    “Challenges to the classical model” are “widespread” and “none…are unscientific.” Wow — file that one away for future reference.
    More:
    “Sometimes these challenges are met with dogmatic hostility, decrying any criticism of the traditional theoretical edifice as fatuous [32], but more often the defenders of the traditional conception argue that ‘all is well’ with current evolutionary theory, which they see as having ‘co-evolved’ together with the methodological and empirical advances that already receive their due in current evolutionary biology [33]. But the repeatedly emphasized fact that innovative evolutionary mechanisms have been mentioned in certain earlier or more recent writings does not mean that the formal structure of evolutionary theory has been adjusted to them.”
    Orthodox Darwinists of the “All Is Well” school meet challenges with “dogmatic hostility”? Yep. We were aware.
    Here he obliterates the notion, a truly fatuous extrapolation, that microevolutionary changes can explain macroevolutionary trends:
    https://evolutionnews.org/2017/08/evolutionary-theorist-concedes-evolution-largely-avoids-biggest-questions-of-biological-origins/

    Darrel Falk Downplays the Ramifications of the 2016 Royal Society Meeting
    Brian Miller – June 2, 2021
    Excerpt: In the opening talk, organizer Gerd Müller stated that the SEM, (the standard evolutionary model), could explain the modification or duplication of existing traits, but it could not explain such key challenges as the following (here, here):
    *The origin of complex new traits such as eyes (here, here, here).
    *The consistent pattern in the fossil record of the sudden appearance of radically new organisms followed by periods of no significant change (here, here).
    *The distribution of genetic variation in species. He was referring to the fact that no genetic variation exists in any species that would allow for large-scale transformations (here, here). For instance, crossbreeding dogs will only produce dogs since dogs only have dog genes.
    ,,, The Royal Society meeting exposed the reality, carefully hidden from the public, that leading evolutionary theorists recognize that natural selection has no real creative power.
    https://evolutionnews.org/2021/06/darrel-falk-downplays-the-ramifications-of-the-royal-society-meeting/

    The Third Way – James Shapiro and company
    Excerpt: Neo-Darwinism ignores important rapid evolutionary processes such as symbiogenesis, horizontal DNA transfer, action of mobile DNA and epigenetic modifications. Moreover, some Neo-Darwinists have elevated Natural Selection into a unique creative force that solves all the difficult evolutionary problems without a real empirical basis. Many scientists today see the need for a deeper and more complete exploration of all aspects of the evolutionary process.
    https://www.thethirdwayofevolution.com

    The Third Way – List of scientists who think a fresh look at evolution (and/or natural selection) is needed
    Except: James A. Shapiro
    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; University of Chicago
    Denis Noble
    Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics; University of Oxford
    Raju Pookottil
    B.Tech, MBA; Author, engineer, entrepreneur
    Eva Jablonka
    The Cohn Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science and Ideas; Tel Aviv University
    Evelyn Fox Keller
    Professor of the History and Philosophy of Science, Emerita (STS); Massachusetts Institute of Technology
    Gerd B. Müller
    Department of Theoretical Biology; University of Vienna
    Guenther Witzany
    Telos-Philosophische Praxis; Buermoos, Austria
    Eviatar Nevo
    Professor emeritus; University of Haifa, Israel
    Corrado Spadafora
    Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council; Rome, Italy
    Frantisek Baluska
    Institute of Cellular and Molecular Biology; University of Bonn, Germany
    Joachim Bauer
    Specialist in psychotherapeutic medicine; University Hospital Freiburg, Germany
    Stuart A. Newman
    Department of Cell Biology & Anatomy; New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY
    John S. Torday
    Departments of Pediatrics and Ob/Gyn, Evolutionary Medicine Program, David Geffen School of Medicine; University of California- Los Angeles
    Robert H. Austin
    Research Group in Biophysics; Princeton University
    John Odling-Smee
    Emeritus Research Fellow; Mansfield College at the University of Oxford
    John Dupré
    Director, Centre for the Study of Life Sciences (Egenis), and Professor, Department of Sociology, Philosophy and Anthropology; University of Exeter
    Lynn Helena Caporale
    Independent Scholar; – biochemist
    Richard Irwin (“Dick”) Vane-Wright
    Honorary Professor of Taxonomy, Durrell Institute of Conservation and Ecology (DICE); Honorary Professor at University of Kent
    Scott F. Gilbert
    Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Department of Biology, Swarthmore College, Swarthmore, PA, USA
    Kalevi Kull
    Professor, Department of Semiotics; University of Tartu
    Peter A. Corning
    Institute for the Study of Complex Systems;
    Michael J. Joyner
    Frank R. and Shari Caywood Professor of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic;
    Frank P. Ryan
    Honorary Senior Lecturer Department of Medical Education; The University of Sheffield, UK
    Andrew Packard
    Retired – formerly Reader in Physiology, Edinburgh, Scotland and Professor of Zoology, Naples, Italy;
    Denis M. Walsh
    Professor and Canada Research Chair in Philosophy of Biology; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto
    Jonathan T. Delafield-Butt
    Lecturer, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences; University of Strathclyde, Scotland, U.K.
    Mariusz Nowacki
    Professor, Institute of Cell Biology; University of Bern, Switzerland
    Robert K. Logan
    Department of Physics; University of Toronto
    Ehud Lamm
    The Cohn Institute for the History and Philosophy of Science; Tel Aviv University
    Mart Krupovic
    Department of Microbiology; Institut Pasteur, Paris
    Louise Westling
    Professor, Department of English; University of Oregon
    Wendy Wheeler
    Emeritus Professor of English Literature and Cultural Inquiry, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities; London Metropolitan University
    Keith Baverstock
    Department of Environmental Science; University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio Campus, Kuopio, Finland
    Andreas Werner
    Institute for Cell and Molecular Biosciences; Newcastle University
    Mae-Wan Ho
    Director/Institute of Science in Society, UK ;
    Jan Sapp
    Department of Biology; York University, Toronto
    Peter Saunders
    Co-Director, Institute of Science in Society, London; Emeritus professor of Applied Mathematics, King’s College London.
    Ricardo Flores
    Institute for Cellular and Molecular Plant Biology, Valencia, Spain; Research Professor of the Spanish Research Council (CSIC)
    Yoav Soen
    Department of Biological Chemistry; Weizmann Institute of Science
    Adrian Bejan
    Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science; Duke University
    Gustavo Caetano-Anollés
    Department of Crop Sciences; University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
    Stephen L. Talbott
    The Nature Institute; Ghent, New York
    Karin Moelling
    Prof em and Director em of Institute of medical Virology, University of Zürich; Senior Research Guest at Max-Planck-Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin. Guest Prof. at Heinrich Pette-Institute for Virology, Hamburg
    David S. Moore
    Pitzer College (Psychology Field Group); Claremont Graduate University (Division of Behavioral and Organizational Sciences)
    Arnold De Loof
    Department of Biology, Animal Physiology Research Group; University of Leuven-KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
    Franklin M. Harold
    Retired. Affiliate Professor, Department of Microbiology; University of Washington, Seattle.
    Robert Lickliter
    Professor, Department of Psychology; Florida International University, Miami, FL
    Shi Huang
    State Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics; Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
    Giorgio Bernardi
    Visiting Professor, Department of Science; Roma Tre University, Rome
    David B. Edelman
    Department of Psychology, University of California, San Diego; Adjunct faculty, Department of Psychological Sciences, University of San Diego
    Kenneth M. Weiss
    Evan Pugh Professor Emeritus, Department of Anthropology; Penn State University
    Bernd Rosslenbroich
    Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Morphology, Centre for Biomedical Education and Research; Witten/Herdecke University, Germany
    Didier Raoult
    Aix-Marseille Université, France;
    Eric Bapteste
    Institut de Biologie Paris Seine; Department of evolutionary biology; University Pierre et Marie Curie
    Gertrudis Van de Vijver
    Full Professor, department of philosophy and moral sciences; Ghent University, Belgium
    Luis P Villarreal
    Professor Emeritus, Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, School of Biological Sciences; University of California, Irvine
    Marilyn J. Roossinck
    Professor of Virus Ecology, Department of Plant Pathology and Environmental Microbiology; Pennsylvania State University
    Victoria N. Alexander
    Director, Dactyl Foundation; Fulbright Specialist, US Dept of State’s Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs
    Máximo Sandín
    Departamento de Biología; Universidad Autónoma de Madrid
    Jordi Gómez
    Department of Molecular Biology; Institute of Parasitology y Biomedicine “Lopez-Neyra” (IPBLN) in Granada. Spain (IPBLN) .; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)
    Erik L. Peterson
    Assistant Professor of the History of Science/Technology/Medicine, Department of History; The University of Alabama
    Nathalie Gontier
    Director of the Applied Evolutionary Epistemology Lab, Centre for Philosophy of Science, Department of History and Philosophy of Science, Faculty of Science; University of Lisbon, Portugal
    Donald Favareau
    University Scholars Programme; National University of Singapore
    Addy Pross
    Emeritus Professor, Department of Chemistry; Ben Gurion University of the Negev, Be’er Sheva, Israel
    William S. Peters
    Affiliate Faculty Advisor, Matai Medical Research and Imaging Lab, Gisborne, New Zealand; Department of Paediatric and Congenital Cardiac Surgery, Starship Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand
    Azra Raza
    Professor of Medicine, Director of MDS Center; Columbia University, New York
    Jacques Demongeot
    Professor Emeritus, Faculty of Medicine; University Grenoble Alpes
    Pierangelo Luporini
    Emeritus Professor in Zoology; University of Camerino
    Robert Root-Bernstein
    Professor of Physiology,; Michigan State University
    Axel Lange
    Department of Theoretical Biology; University of Vienna
    Ben Callif
    Research & Mindset Director; Bader Philanthropies, Inc.
    Henry H. Heng
    Center for Molecular Medicine and Genomics; Wayne State University
    J. Scott Turner
    Emeritus Professor of Biology; SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York
    Jan J. Spitzer
    Retired; Industrial R&D
    Ben Bradley
    Professor Emeritus, School of Psychology; Charles Sturt University, Bathurst, NSW 2795, Australia
    Luca Munaron
    Full Professor of Physiology, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology; University of Torino, Italy
    Amelia Lewis
    Affiliate/ Independent Researcher; School of Biological Sciences, Queen’s University, Belfast
    Arto Annila
    Former Professor of Biophysics; University of Helsinki
    https://www.thethirdwayofevolution.com/people?&page=50

  125. 125
    jerry says:

    This is 100% endorsed by ID. What led you to think otherwise?

    If by Darwinism you mean natural selection, ID hasn’t made a dent. Outside the pages of Evolution News, Mind Matters and the random book by DI personnel, ID doesn’t exist. Darwin’s original thesis was merged with genetics beginning in the 1920s and evolutionary biology continues to advance. The modern synthesis has since been continually modified with new discoveries in genetics, population dynamics, molecular biology, biochemistry, comparative anatomy and embryology, physiology and paleontology

    No major writing on ID says otherwise except the phrase “evolutionary biology” is unclear by what is meant.

    This was all discussed and agreed to on UD back in 2006 when the site first began and Dembski ran site.

    The problem comes when people confuse genetics with Evolution. Both deal with change to life forms. That does not make them equivalent.

    You are obviously uninformed.

    Aside: You might want to add epigenetics to your list.

    Theme for ID:

        Let’s Go Finches”

  126. 126
    dogdoc says:

    I’d say ID doesn’t exist in the sense that the theoretical claims are 100% about the competing theory (evolutionary biology) and 0% about ID itself. The entire “positive case” for ID is “Well, people make complex machines, and biological systems are complex machines, so something like a person must have made biological systems.” That sort of “similar causes for similar results” is sometimes a good heuristic for research, but it is never a foundation for a scientific theory! (A campfire gives off heat and light, and so does the sun, so they both must be examples of rapid chemical oxidation! Except they aren’t).

    Moreover, they leave the “something like a person” part unexplained, leaving it to the (usually religious) audience to decide if that entails general human-like intelligence, consciousness, learning, and so on. That is not a scientific theory at all.

  127. 127
    jerry says:

    I’d say ID doesn’t exist in the sense that the theoretical claims are 100% about the competing theory (evolutionary biology) and 0% about ID itself

    An absurd statement.

    ID is mainly about fine tuning of the universe and our solar system. It also deals with what is known about other origins such as life and then complex life.

    Another uninformed commenter.

  128. 128
    dogdoc says:

    Jerry,

    ID is mainly about fine tuning of the universe and our solar system. It also deals with other origins such as life and then complex life.

    What is it that “fine tuning” and biological complexity leads you to hypothesize regarding origins? “Something like a person” created the universe? In what ways, exactly, was this thing (or things) like a person, and what ways was it not like a person? And once you explain that, what scientific evidence do you have that your hypothesis is correct?

  129. 129
    relatd says:

    Dogdoc at 128,

    https://intelligentdesign.org/articles/molecular-machines-in-the-cell/

    Only intelligent agents can produce this level of complexity.

  130. 130
    jerry says:

    What is it that “fine tuning” and biological complexity leads you to hypothesize regarding origins

    that the universe was created by an entity with massive intelligence and power.

    Says nothing further about the nature of the creator except logic says because it was so precisely created the creator had a purpose. One of those purposes was to support life as we know it.

    Then there is life with all its mysteries. The most likely explanation is that it was designed by some extremely intelligent entity. We can look at the nature of life and try to understand its purpose by the end product of the creation.

    ID says nothing about the intelligence that created life except it too had a purpose and was an extremely high intelligence.

    There are other forms of evidence outside of ID that people use to understand these creations. But they are not part of ID.

    These beliefs are what are called justified true beliefs. No other set of beliefs can claim anything close. People can say they don’t believe them. But they offer nothing as an alternative.

  131. 131
    dogdoc says:

    Enjoy your beliefs, Jerry. Really, I mean it.

  132. 132
    chuckdarwin says:

    BA77

    You list about, what, 60 or 70 people (not exclusively biologists, biochemists or paleontologists), i.e. “third way” members? Compared to the 47,000 active biologists in the US alone? (https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes191029.htm) Take out the ten or so psychologists, MBAs and English professors that don’t get a vote and you are referencing about .0012 percent of the active biologists just in the US. That’s not even a drop in the proverbial bucket.

    Moreover, “third way” scientists do not reject natural selection out of hand. Rather, they have expressed concerns about NS as the sole explanation for evolution, an idea which is pretty much passe within the biological community irrespective of “third way’s” sweeping generalizations to the contrary.

    Perhaps what is most interesting is on the first page of their website, this disclaimer is prominently presented.

    It has come to our attention that THE THIRD WAY web site is wrongly being referenced by proponents of Intelligent Design and creationist ideas as support for their arguments. We intend to make it clear that the website and scientists listed on the web site do not support or subscribe to any proposals that resort to inscrutable divine forces or supernatural intervention, whether they are called Creationism, Intelligent Design, or anything else.

    So, you might want to tone it down on the Bible quotes…….

  133. 133
    relatd says:

    But I like Bible quotes…

  134. 134
    vividbleau says:

    CD 117

    Thanks. It’s refreshing to have a good conversation without accusations and acrimony. Have a great weekend!

    Vivid

  135. 135
    Querius says:

    Dogdoc @113,

    Querius: This necessitates revelation.
    Dogdog: Depends what’s revealed, I suppose.

    Exactly. Half the con artists, self-deluded, and clinically insane in the world seem to have religious “revelations” and “teachings.”

    How can one tell them apart from something that’s genuine?

    I can tell you that the original Christians (before about 250 C.E.) had three tests for fakes and frauds:
    1. Do they want to stay at your house for more than three days?
    2. Are they asking you for money?
    3. Do they reinterpret, edit, or twist the scriptures based on private revelations?

    Querius: As I said before, my relationship with my poodle does not include his understanding of my thoughts and purposes, nor do I have any illusions about my ability to teach him how to solve simple linear equations. But there’s no doubt we do have a great relationship.

    Dogdoc: I get it – dogs are a huge part of my life (yeah name checks out). But dogs are so similar to people as to be the virutally same, when compared with a noncorporeal conscious being that exists outside of spacetime and created the universe.

    Comparatively, yes. We’re closer to dogs in IQ than either people or dogs to the Creator. If that’s true, then my poodle and I have about the same chance of understanding or explaining the Creator, virtually zero. That’s where trust (aka faith) comes into the picture.

    You likely know even more than I do that a dog who trusts a person acts very differently than a dog who’s always in a fight-or-flight mode. Same goes for people.

    I’m sure there are dogs that you want to have a trust relationship with, right? And would you say such a relationship is both desirable and possible despite the fact that poodles can’t solve simple linear equations and Aussies can’t even read children’s books?

    Human-like consciousness requires a living physical body; without that, it’s very unlikely that any consciousness recognizable by us could exist.

    So, mathematics and logic did not exist before humans existed?

    Do you know that quantum mechanics seems to strongly indicate that what we think of as “reality” is one or more mathematical probability fields with constructive and destructive interactions of wavefunctions that, as far as we’ve been able to determine, collapse into particles only when under conscious human observation? Do you know that a radioactive particle does not decay while under continuous human observation?

    And so I maintain: God is incomprehensible, and whereof one cannot speak, thereof one must be silent.

    Yes, incomprehensible in the Creator’s entirety . . . but comprehensible in part and not inaccessible to someone willing to reach out without precondition, preconception, or prejudice. Please understand that I’m not talking about “religion” in the commonly held sense of the word.

    -Q

  136. 136
    vividbleau says:

    CD
    “Most insidious in my opinion is the claim that Darwin made racism “fashionable.”

    I did want to comment on this.

    Racism was fashionable way before Darwin.

    Darwin was a man of his time and based on todays standard he was a racist but personally I abhor the self righteousness of those who want to judge people based on todays understanding about race to those in the past.

    I think the three most influential and. Important past presidents were Washington Lincoln and FDR.

    Washington he voluntarily gave up power and resisted the calls by his officers to do so, he owned slaves.

    Lincoln freed the slaves but his history is not without blemish. First of all it was sort of a fluke that he got elected and would not have if the ticket was not split. Although he was very much an anti slavery candidate he did not run on abolishing it. When the Southern states seceded his driving force was not to free the slaves rather it was to preserve the union and was more interested in getting the southern states back in the union with the least amount of bloodshed. It was only when he saw that was not going to happen did he issue his emancipation proclamation. Even then ,if my memory serves me correctly ,he did not apply this to Tennessee because it was on the side of the North. Lincoln also suspended habeas corpus and shut down opposition press. So by our standards Lincoln was a racist and a tyrant but he did what he had to to preserve the Union.

    Finally FDR who ,although I disagree with politically and laid the foundation along with Lincoln , for the bureaucratic state, galvanized the American people like no other and saved the USA from a much more sinister state. By todays standard he was a racist.

    We would all like to think that we all would be on the side of the angels when we look to the past but honestly I often ask myself would I have been able to resist the dominant culture of the past? Probably not.

    All this to say there was no need for Darwin to make racism fashionable.

    Vivid

  137. 137
    dogdoc says:

    Querius @135,

    I can tell you that the original Christians (before about 250 C.E.) had three tests for fakes and frauds:
    1. Do they want to stay at your house for more than three days?
    2. Are they asking you for money?
    3. Do they reinterpret, edit, or twist the scriptures based on private revelations?

    On the basis of the first two, my young-adult children are clearly frauds.

    We’re closer to dogs in IQ than either people or dogs to the Creator.

    IQ tests can only be applied to humans. It simply doesn’t mean anything at all to speak of a dog’s IQ score. Much less would it be applicable to something that exists outside of spacetime and created the universe – that would be like trying to measure the weight of a baseball game.

    I’m sure there are dogs that you want to have a trust relationship with, right?

    Oh yes, 100% right.

    And would you say such a relationship is both desirable and possible despite the fact that poodles can’t solve simple linear equations and Aussies can’t even read children’s books?

    Without question!

    DD: Human-like consciousness requires a living physical body; without that, it’s very unlikely that any consciousness recognizable by us could exist.
    Q: So, mathematics and logic did not exist before humans existed?

    The questions surrounding mathematical realism are certainly interesting. I frankly don’t feel sure at all about any of the possible solutions.

    Do you know that quantum mechanics seems to strongly indicate that what we think of as “reality” is one or more mathematical probability fields with constructive and destructive interactions of wavefunctions that, as far as we’ve been able to determine, collapse into particles only when under conscious human observation?

    I’m sure you’re aware that there are a number of interpretations of QM and solutions to the “measurement problem”, and the Von Neumann–Wigner interpretation is only one of them (and currently a relatively unpopular one – I see a recent poll found only 6% of physicists think consciousness collapses wave-functions). In any case, I feel absolutely certain about this one – I’m quite sure nobody currently understands what QM formalisms actually refer to!

    Do you know that a radioactive particle does not decay while under continuous human observation?

    Sure, Zeno is alive and well in QM land! But do you know if canine observation won’t have the same effect? Or rodent? Insect? It’s all quite weird, that’s for sure.

    DD: And so I maintain: God is incomprehensible, and whereof one cannot speak, thereof one must be silent.
    Q: Yes, incomprehensible in the Creator’s entirety . . . but comprehensible in part and not inaccessible to someone willing to reach out without precondition, preconception, or prejudice. Please understand that I’m not talking about “religion” in the commonly held sense of the word.

    I’ve come to realize that I’m an outlier among curious people, in that while I constantly seek out knowledge, I am quite comfortable deciding that I do not know the answer to the deep mysteries of life – the mind/body problem, the origin of the universe and life, and so on. Almost everyone I know is either disinterested in thinking about these things or has adopted some particular set of answers without what I would consider warrant or justification. But for whatever reason, I’m quite happy to ponder these deep mysteries knowing that I don’t know the answers.

  138. 138
    Querius says:

    Chuckdarwin @121,

    Since you often forget what ID actually is, I saved one of my responses from last year to save me time:

    Chuckdarwin,
    Much has happened since you taught biology. There have been so many discoveries that the 19th century theory of evolution needs to be overturned. And this call is from evolutionists!
    https://www.theguardian.com/science/2022/jun/28/do-we-need-a-new-theory-of-evolution

    The scientific attractiveness of ID is that this approach results in faster scientific progress than a presumption of undirected random chance together with natural selection.

    ID doesn’t depend on theism. It doesn’t depend on science fantasy stories. It doesn’t depend on alien intrusions.

    All that ID claims is that living things appear intelligently designed, so that organelles, biochemical cycles, and genetic mechanisms that are poorly understood should be studied as if they were intelligently designed rather than ignored as useless vestiges of undirected evolution.

    In contrast, Darwinism presumes that any poorly understood biological feature or structure is junk, proving evolution. This is an ideological, not a scientific position.

    Examples:
    • Evolutionary biologists once claimed over 100 “vestigial” organs in the human body, including the thyroid and other ductless glands. The was PREDICTED by Darwinism. It failed.

    • Evolutionary geneticists once believed in “junk” DNA, which is now termed non-coding DNA. Junk DNA was PREDICTED by Darwinism. It failed, but Darwinists are grimly hanging on to the shrinking areas of DNA that they can still claim as junk.

    • Evolutionary paleontologists PREDICTED that the skeletal remains of extinct animals called dinosaurs supposedly lived roughly 65-250 million years ago were all PETRIFIED artifacts without any possibility for organic matter to survive. It failed, but Darwinists are grimly hanging on to the scientific impossibility that 100 million years of background radiation miraculously allowed organic bone, stretchy connective tissue, and even red blood cells to survive.

    However, ID takes NO POSITION on the source of biological design, nor does it take a position on the origin of life. This is where it departs from Creationism. All that ID advocates is researching biology as if it were intelligently designed.

    . . . and this on the basis of pragmatism alone.

    -Q

  139. 139
    chuckdarwin says:

    Vivid/136
    They also gave the five of the most eloquent and important speeches in the English language:
    Washington’s first inaugural
    Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address
    Lincoln’s second inaugural
    FDR’s first inaugural
    FDR’s address to Congress seeking a declaration of war against Japan

  140. 140
    dogdoc says:

    Querius,
    You got me curious about the Zeno stuff, and I found this:
    https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.240401
    Looks like you don’t even need an amoeba to make the observation!

  141. 141
    bornagain77 says:

    ChuckyD, appeals to a supposed ‘consensus’ of scientists that disagree with the “Third Way”, and hold that classical model of Darwinism is correct, i.e. “you are referencing about .0012 percent of the active biologists”, (who disagree with the classical model of Darwinism),,,

    While I disagree that the percentage of leading scientists who actually endorse the classical model of Darwinism is nearly as high as ChuckyD claims it is,

    Scientists stunned by the public’s doubt of Darwin – April 22, 2014
    Excerpt: (Stephen) Meyer said that view under-represents the real facts being discovered in evolutionary biology.
    “Very few leading evolutionary biologists today think that natural selection and random mutation are sufficient to produce the new forms of life we see arising in the history of life,” Meyer said. “And then when the public is catching wind of the scientific doubts of Darwinian evolution and expresses them in a poll like this, these self-appointed spokesmen for science say that the public is ignorant. But actually, the public is more in line with what’s going on in science than these spokesmen for science.”
    https://world.wng.org/2014/04/scientists_stunned_by_the_publics_doubt_of_darwin

    ,, never-the-less, I will concede that percentage to ChuckyD, and in rebuttal I will simply note that his appeal to consensus, (instead of to any actual scientific evidence to support his position), is ‘the first refuge of scoundrels”.

    Aliens Cause Global Warming – By Michael Crichton – 2003
    Excerpt: I want to pause here and talk about this notion of consensus, and the rise of what has been called consensus science. I regard consensus science as an extremely pernicious development that ought to be stopped cold in its tracks. Historically, the claim of consensus has been the first refuge of scoundrels; it is a way to avoid debate by claiming that the matter is already settled.
    Whenever you hear the consensus of scientists agrees on something or other, reach for your wallet, because you’re being had.
    Let’s be clear: the work of science has nothing whatever to do with consensus. Consensus is the business of politics. Science, on the contrary, requires only one investigator who happens to be right, which means that he or she has results that are verifiable by reference to the real world. In science consensus is irrelevant. What is relevant is reproducible results. The greatest scientists in history are great precisely because they broke with the consensus.
    There is no such thing as consensus science. If it’s consensus, it isn’t science. If it’s science, it isn’t consensus. Period.
    In addition, let me remind you that the track record of the consensus is nothing to be proud of.,,,
    https://stephenschneider.stanford.edu/Publications/PDF_Papers/Crichton2003.pdf

    And to remind ChuckyD just how extremely pernicious ‘consensus science’ can be, I just note the recent Covid fiasco that we were all subjected to under the guise of ‘consensus science’,,, where all dissenting opinions, no matter how much evidence they had going for them, were censured, mocked, and ridiculed, by main-stream media, and by big tech.

    Then ChuckyD goes on to note that the “Third Way” distances itself from ID. That is not news to me ChuckyD. And I never said, or implied, that they endorsed ID. I just said that they have severe problems with natural selection, and the classical model of Darwinism in general.

    In distancing themselves from ID, I guess they are just trying to stay ‘respectable’ and ‘scientific’ by toeing the methodological naturalism party line that supposedly rules all of science..

    As to that ‘political move’ on their part to try and stay ‘respectable’ in science, I simply note that all of science was born out of, and is STILL very much dependent on, presuppositions that can only be reasonably grounded within the Judeo-Christian worldview. Methodological naturalism is simply a non-starter as to providing a coherent philosophical basis for practicing modern science. Science simply would not even be possible unless Intelligent Design wasn’t first presupposed as being true at some deep and fundamental level.

    Physics and the Mind of God: The Templeton Prize Address – by Paul Davies – August 1995
    Excerpt: “People take it for granted that the physical world is both ordered and intelligible. The underlying order in nature-the laws of physics-are simply accepted as given, as brute facts. Nobody asks where they came from; at least they do not do so in polite company. However, even the most atheistic scientist accepts as an act of faith that the universe is not absurd, that there is a rational basis to physical existence manifested as law-like order in nature that is at least partly comprehensible to us. So science can proceed only if the scientist adopts an essentially theological worldview.”
    https://www.firstthings.com/article/1995/08/003-physics-and-the-mind-of-god-the-templeton-prize-address-24

    Science and Theism: Concord, not Conflict* – Robert C. Koons
    IV. The Dependency of Science Upon Theism (Page 21)
    Excerpt: Far from undermining the credibility of theism, the remarkable success of science in modern times is a remarkable confirmation of the truth of theism. It was from the perspective of Judeo-Christian theism—and from the perspective alone—that it was predictable that science would have succeeded as it has. Without the faith in the rational intelligibility of the world and the divine vocation of human beings to master it, modern science would never have been possible, and, even today, the continued rationality of the enterprise of science depends on convictions that can be reasonably grounded only in theistic metaphysics.
    http://www.theistic.net/papers.....cience.pdf
    Rob Koons is a professor of philosophy at the University of Texas at Austin. With degrees from Michigan State, Oxford, and UCLA, he specializes in metaphysics and philosophical logic, with special interest in philosophical theology and the foundations of both science and ethics.

    In fact, presupposing methodological naturalism, instead of Theism, as being true beforehand drives science itself into catastrophic epistemological failure,

    Basically, because of reductive materialism (and/or methodological naturalism), the atheistic materialist (who believes Darwinian evolution to be true) is forced to claim that he is merely a ‘neuronal illusion’ (Coyne, Dennett, etc..), who has the illusion of free will (Harris, Coyne), who has unreliable, (i.e. illusory), beliefs about reality (Plantinga), who has illusory perceptions of reality (Hoffman), who, since he has no real time empirical evidence substantiating his grandiose claims, must make up illusory “just so stories” with the illusory, and impotent, ‘designer substitute’ of natural selection (Behe, Gould, Sternberg), so as to ‘explain away’ the appearance (i.e. the illusion) of design (Crick, Dawkins), and who also must make up illusory meanings and purposes for his life since the hopelessness of the nihilism inherent in his atheistic worldview is simply too much for him to bear (Weikart), and who must also hold morality to be subjective and illusory since he has rejected God (Craig, Kreeft). Who, since beauty cannot be grounded within his materialistic worldview, must also hold beauty itself to be illusory (Darwin).
    Bottom line, nothing is truly real in the atheist’s worldview, least of all, beauty, morality, meaning and purposes for life.,,,
    – Jan. 2023 – defense of each claim
    https://uncommondescent.com/intelligent-design/is-the-galton-board-evidence-for-intelligent-design-of-the-universe/#comment-774417
    It would be hard to fathom a worldview more antagonistic to modern science, indeed more antagonistic to reality itself, than Atheistic materialism and/or methodological naturalism have turned out to be.

    2 Corinthians 10:5
    Casting down imaginations, and every high thing that exalteth itself against the knowledge of God, and bringing into captivity every thought to the obedience of Christ;

    Moreover, I note that none of the alternatives proposed at the Royal Society conference, or by the scientists at the “Third Way”, can actually “mimic the activity of an intelligent agent in creating anything of at least modest complexity and ingenuity.”

    Darrel Falk Downplays the Ramifications of the 2016 Royal Society Meeting
    Brian Miller – June 2, 2021
    I also attended the conference, but I interpreted the content of the presentations within the broader scope of the history I just described. Within that context, the implications of what was said, and what was not said, reveal a much different story.
    The True Story
    Natural selection is the only mechanism that even in principle could mimic the activity of an intelligent agent in creating anything of at least modest complexity and ingenuity. This conclusion is highlighted by the fact that speakers at the conference showcased every conceivable alternative mechanism that could potentially help fill the explanatory deficits of the SEM. But not one shred of evidence was presented that any of the extensions could perform any feat beyond such trivial tasks as increasing a plant’s height, changing the number of digits in an animal’s limb, or performing other slight modifications to preexisting traits.
    The current state of evolution can be compared to the crisis astronomy would face if physicists discovered that gravity stopped operating beyond 10,000 miles past a celestial body. The loss of the only feasible mechanism that could explain the motion of planets, stars, and galaxies would result in absolute pandemonium and despair.
    Most materialist biologists will not so easily come to terms with their true predicament since evolution operates not only as a scientific theory but as a sacrosanct creation narrative for secular society. Nevertheless, with natural selection off the table as a designer substitute, the only sensible interpretation that remains for the overwhelming evidence of design in biological systems is that life is the product of an actual designer (here, here).
    https://evolutionnews.org/2021/06/darrel-falk-downplays-the-ramifications-of-the-royal-society-meeting/

    Lynn Margulis: Evolutionist and Critic of Neo-Darwinism – Stephen C. Meyer – April 25, 2014
    Excerpt: in Chapters 15 and 16 of Darwin’s Doubt, I addressed six new (that is, post neo-Darwinian) theories of evolution — theories that proposed new mechanisms to either supplement or replace the reliance upon mutation and natural selection in neo-Darwinian theory.,,
    I show that, although several of these new evolutionary theories offer some intriguing advantages over the orthodox neo-Darwinian model, they too fail to offer adequate explanations for the origin of the genetic and epigenetic information necessary to account for new forms of animal life — such as those that arise in the Cambrian period.
    http://www.evolutionnews.org/2.....84871.html

    Darwin’s Doubt (Part 9) by Paul Giem – video – The Post Darwinian World and Self Organization
    Chapter 15 and 16 of Darwin’s Doubt in which 6 alternative models to neo-Darwinism, that have been proposed by evolutionists (such as those of the Altenberg 16) to ‘make up’ for the inadequacy in neo-Darwinism, are discussed and the failings of each model is exposed.
    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v.....Ow3u0_mK8t

    Thus in conclusion, ChuckyD may appeal to a ‘consensus’ of scientists all day long to try and support his Darwinian worldview. But in science, ‘consensus’ counts for less than squat. It is the actual scientific evidence that matters. And on that score, the classical model of Darwinism is dead and buried,

    To repeat a previous reference

    That could have appeared in a work from an intelligent design proponent. But wait, it gets even better:
    “Indeed, a growing number of challenges to the classical model of evolution have emerged over the past few years, such as from evolutionary developmental biology [16], epigenetics [17], physiology [18], genomics [19], ecology [20], plasticity research [21], population genetics [22], regulatory evolution [23], network approaches [14], novelty research [24], behavioural biology [12], microbiology [7] and systems biology [25], further supported by arguments from the cultural [26] and social sciences [27], as well as by philosophical treatments [28–31]. None of these contentions are unscientific, all rest firmly on evolutionary principles and all are backed by substantial empirical evidence.”
    “Challenges to the classical model” are “widespread” and “none…are unscientific.” Wow — file that one away for future reference.
    – per evolution news

    Quote and Verse:

    “If it disagrees with experiment, it’s wrong. In that simple statement is the key to science. It doesn’t make any difference how beautiful your guess is, it doesn’t matter how smart you are who made the guess, or what his name is … If it disagrees with experiment, it’s wrong. That’s all there is to it.”
    – Richard Feynman

    1 Thessalonians 5:21
    but test all things. Hold fast to what is good.

  142. 142
    bornagain77 says:

    As to the quantum Zeno effect, Atheistic materialists have tried to get around the Quantum Zeno effect by postulating that interactions with the environment (i.e. decoherence) are sufficient to explain the Quantum Zeno effect.

    Yet, the following interaction-free measurement of the Quantum Zeno effect demonstrated that the presence of the Quantum Zeno effect can be detected without interacting with a single atom.

    Interaction-free measurements by quantum Zeno stabilization of ultracold atoms – 14 April 2015
    Excerpt: In our experiments, we employ an ultracold gas in an unstable spin configuration, which can undergo a rapid decay. The object—realized by a laser beam—prevents this decay because of the indirect quantum Zeno effect and thus, its presence can be detected without interacting with a single atom.
    http://www.nature.com/ncomms/2.....S-20150415

    Of note, the appeal to ‘decoherence’ is old hat for atheists.

    The Mental Universe – Richard Conn Henry – Professor of Physics John Hopkins University ?Excerpt: The only reality is mind and observations, but observations are not of things. To see the Universe as it really is, we must abandon our tendency to conceptualize observations as things.,,, Physicists shy away from the truth because the truth is so alien to everyday physics. A common way to evade the mental universe is to invoke “decoherence” – the notion that “the physical environment” is sufficient to create reality, independent of the human mind. Yet the idea that any irreversible act of amplification is necessary to collapse the wave function is known to be wrong: in “Renninger-type” (interaction-free) experiments, the wave function is collapsed simply by your human mind seeing nothing. The universe is entirely mental,,,, The Universe is immaterial — mental and spiritual. Live, and enjoy.
    https://www.nature.com/articles/436029a

    Interaction-Free Measurements
    In physics, interaction-free measurement is a type of measurement in quantum mechanics that detects the position, presence, or state of an object without an interaction occurring between it and the measuring device. Examples include the Renninger negative-result experiment, the Elitzur–Vaidman bomb-testing problem [1], and certain double-cavity optical systems, such as Hardy’s paradox.,,,
    Initially proposed as thought experiments, interaction-free measurements have been experimentally demonstrated in various configurations, 6,7,8,,
    6. Kwiat, Paul; Weinfurter, Harald; Herzog, Thomas; Zeilinger, Anton; Kasevich, Mark A. (1995-06-12). “Interaction-Free Measurement”. Physical Review Letters. 74 (24):
    7. White, Andrew G. (1998). “”Interaction-free” imaging”. Physical Review A. 58 (1):
    8. Tsegaye, T.; Goobar, E.; Karlsson, A.; Björk, G.; Loh, M. Y.; Lim, K. H. (1998-05-01). “Efficient interaction-free measurements in a high-finesse interferometer”. Physical Review A. 57 (5):
    – per wikipedia

    Moreover, the double slit itself, where a detector is placed at only one slit, is a type of interaction free measurement in that the ‘wave function’ at the ‘unobserved’ slit still collapses into a particle state although there is no physical detector at that ‘unobserved’ slit. Thus proving that interaction with the measuring device (i.e. decoherence) is insufficient to explain the collapse of the wave function to a particle state in the double slit experiments,

    Quantum Experiment without Interaction (Double Slit experiment with detector at only one slit) – video
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vOv8zYla1wY

    The following video also clearly explains why decoherence does not explain quantum wave collapse,

    The Measurement Problem – InspiringPhilosophy – video
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qB7d5V71vUE

  143. 143
    dogdoc says:

    BA77,
    This explanation of quantum Zeno phenomena makes it a bit less appealing for you.

    https://www.futurity.org/quantum-zeno-effect-1479282-2/
    It turns out, no conscious observer is required to produce the Zeno effect. In fact, the effect is produced if the system is disturbed even without retrieving any information about it at all:

    “The twist, however, is that because the Zeno effects have to do with disturbance and not information,” Harrington says, “it isn’t even necessary to look inside the box to provoke them. The same effects will occur if you just shake the box.”

  144. 144
    Querius says:

    Dogdoc @140,

    You got me curious about the Zeno stuff, and I found this:
    https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.118.240401
    Looks like you don’t even need an amoeba to make the observation!

    All that the article says is that energy measurements aren’t involved in the quantum Zeno effect. This actually supports the notion that conscious observation alone is at work. By the way, this effect is experimentally confirmed with humans only, NOT with amoebae!

    I noticed that Bornagain77 @142, addressed this issue, but since you’re curious, here are two short videos (~5 minutes each) that nicely explain the BASIC ideas involved:

    https://youtu.be/NvzSLByrw4Q?t=28
    https://youtu.be/V9KnrVlpqoM

    Also note that quantum mechanics is the most rigorously tested area in all of science and the precision of these experiments are confirming up to 10 parts per billion.

    While the experimental results have been accepted by physicists for about 100 years, the interpretations of those weird results is wildly controversial and the internet is plastered with bogus claims on how reality is compatible with deterministic materialism after all.

    Physicists have accepted the experimental evidence, but have a hard time wrapping their heads around it. For example, Here are the experimental conclusions of research published in Nature Physics on June 3, 2015:

    The results of the Australian scientists’ experiment, which were published in the journal Nature Physics, show that this choice is determined by the way the object is measured, which is in accordance with what quantum theory predicts.

    “It proves that measurement is everything. At the quantum level, reality does not exist if you are not looking at it,” said lead researcher Dr. Andrew Truscott in a press release.

    Thus, this experiment adds to the validity of the quantum theory and provides new evidence to the idea that reality doesn’t exist without an observer.

    You can see why there’s a mad scramble by science-deniers!

    -Q

  145. 145
    Seversky says:

    Querius/144

    “It proves that measurement is everything. At the quantum level, reality does not exist if you are not looking at it,” said lead researcher Dr. Andrew Truscott in a press release.

    Thus, this experiment adds to the validity of the quantum theory and provides new evidence to the idea that reality doesn’t exist without an observer.

    If reality doesn’t exist until it is observed then what is the observer looking at in the first place? On its face, the comment is absurd.

    What Truscott actually said was that “at the quantum level” reality does not exist without an observer. in other words, it sounds like he is referring to the “measurement problem” . This is a problem because quantum physicists are unsure how to interpret what they observe. It is misleading to suggest that this is settled science.

    Also note that quantum mechanics is the most rigorously tested area in all of science and the precision of these experiments are confirming up to 10 parts per billion.

    Relativity theory has also withstood rigorous testing, Yet, so far, it has not been possible to reconcile the two. This suggests physics is still missing something fundamental. As well-proven as they are, one or both are incomplete.

    You can see why there’s a mad scramble by science-deniers!

    No, what you see is how religious beliefs can corrupt science. If they compel people to select only those results or quotes or articles which confirm those beliefs that is not science, that is confirmation bias

  146. 146
    dogdoc says:

    Yeah, I’d have to agree with Seversky here, we’ve definitely got some motivated reasoning going on here with the quantum stuff.

    A very quick search led me to this presentation at the Perimeter Institute:
    https://pirsa.org/15080033
    This guy makes it fairly clear that he thinks consciousness does not cause the quantum zeno effect, as the title of the presentation is “Consciousness Does Not Cause Quantum Zeno Effect”.

    It’s safe to say we’re really not going to settle the measurement problem here on the pages of Uncommon Descent, my friends. Obviously there is nothing approaching a reasonable standard of certainty favoring any particular QM interpretation. Rather than hunting for things that appear to support a pre-existing point of view and cherry-picking quotes, I of course recommend admitting to ourselves and each other that as of today, nobody knows!

  147. 147
    Querius says:

    Seversky @145,

    If reality doesn’t exist until it is observed then what is the observer looking at in the first place? On its face, the comment is absurd.

    LOL. You really don’t know anything about the double-slit experiment? What are observers looking in that experiment?

    Here (once again) is the five-minute answer to your silly objection:
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NvzSLByrw4Q

    Quantum theory is now widely accepted by physicists. For example, Vlatko Vedral is a professor of Physics at the University of Oxford who specializes in quantum theory and whose research papers are widely cited expresses the concept this way:

    ”The most fundamental definition of reality is not matter or energy, but information–and it is the processing of information that lies at the root of all physical, biological, economic, and social phenomena.”

    The act of observing collapses the wavefunction, which is a mathematical probability wave, resulting in a physical particle. The choice of the observer of WHAT to observe is considered primary by the experts in quantum mechanics.

    It’s also been shown that quantum mechanics is not confined to the subatomic physics, but is involved at a fundamental level in macro processes occurring in the sun, photosynthesis, lasers, solar panels, and microelectronics.

    No, what you see is how religious beliefs can corrupt science.

    True. But, the religion in this case is Deterministic Materialism.

    -Q

  148. 148
    Querius says:

    Dogdoc @146,

    What’s currently unknown is a deterministic materialism solution to the “measurement problem.” Many theoretical physicists have been struggling for decades to find such a solution and have come up with different possibilities, but without experimental evidence. I’ve read several of their books on the subject.

    Other theoretical physicists have noted the appalling wealth of hypotheses and dearth of experimental data in support, which has resulted in very little progress. The experiments that have already been done are very convincing, though, surviving decades of legitimate challenges and and closing objections, which is how science is supposed to work.

    Here’s a nice 5-minute TED-Ed introductory video on quantum teleportation, which has already been successfully done by different teams of researchers (the first were in the Canary Islands, IIRC).
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JMdO5KyjwAw

    Thus, researchers who don’t care about the philosophical implications are already engaged in utilizing this phenomena for advantages in technology.

    -Q

  149. 149
    dogdoc says:

    Querius @148,

    What’s currently unknown is a deterministic materialism solution to the “measurement problem.”

    I’d say there’s more than that. For starters, there’s not even a basic quantum ontology that has general support among physicists. You managed to find someone at Oxford who believes it’s all information, but it would take me seconds to find other well-credentialed experts at other fine instituations who disagree. This is what I mean by “cherry-picking”.

    You talk about “deterministic materialism”? First, the term “materialism” is hardly applicable to QM interpretations that refer to nothing akin to what we think of as “material”. And few interpretations are deterministic (only two come to mind: Bohmian mechanics, and an interesting new interpretation attributing uncertainty to deterministic chaos by Timothy Palmer).

    Many theoretical physicists have been struggling for decades to find such a solution and have come up with different possibilities, but without experimental evidence.

    The problem here is not a lack of evidence, but rather that every interpretation must be consistent with the well-verified mathematical formalism of QM, making it, at present, theoretically impossible to experimentally differentiate among interpretations.

    I’ve read several of their books on the subject.

    Um, I’ve read a few myself 😉

    Other theoretical physicists have noted the appalling wealth of hypotheses and dearth of experimental data in support, which has resulted in very little progress. The experiments that have already been done are very convincing, though, surviving decades of legitimate challenges and and closing objections, which is how science is supposed to work.

    I don’t know what you’re referring to. Nobody challenges the accuracy of quantum theory, it is always right – including its predictions that defy local realism, which have been convincingly demonstrated in Bell-type experiments. But if you’re talking about one particular quantum interpretation, then there is zero convincing experimental proof of any of them – including those that claim consciousness collapses the wave-function.

  150. 150
    JVL says:

    Querius: The act of observing collapses the wavefunction,

    The question is: what does ‘observing’ entail? If it just means a camera or some physical way of recording an outcome then there’s no consciousness required. In that case the ‘collapse’ comes because of the way the outcome was measured, i.e. different methods yield different views. Kind of like the blind men and the elephant, if you approach an event from different perspectives you get different impressions.

    Also, think about the famous double-slit experiment. What is doing the ‘observing’ there? What is sampling or testing a phenomena? I think it’s the double-slit and the plate the bands appear on. If such a set-up occurred naturally I think you’d get the same result. So, no consciousness required.

    Perhaps that’s a good thing to ponder: IF consciousness is required to force certain quantum effects then would those effects stop happening when there was no one around to ‘observe’ them? If a tree falls in a forest and there is no one around to ‘observe’ it, does it still make a sound? The answer surely must be YES unless you narrowly define ‘sound’ to be something perceived by a human being. But if a ‘sound’ is an atmospheric pressure wave (or waves) of certain frequencies then falling trees on earth always make sounds and did so before humans were around to ‘observe’ them.

  151. 151
    bornagain77 says:

    Dogdoc claims,

    “if you’re talking about one particular quantum interpretation, then there is zero convincing experimental proof of any of them – including those that claim consciousness collapses the wave-function.”

    As usual, Dogdoc is wrong in his claim. Although, in their usual attempt to obfuscate rather than illuminate, atheists will often claim, as Dogdoc has just claimed, that there are many interpretations to choose from in quantum mechanics, but the fact of the matter is that there are just only two widely followed approaches to quantum mechanics, and/or ‘interpretations’, in Quantum Mechanics.

    As the late Steven Weinberg, an atheist, succinctly explained, “there are two widely followed approaches to quantum mechanics, the “realist” and “instrumentalist” approaches,9 which view the origin of probability in measurement in two very different ways.,,, In the instrumentalist approach,,, humans are brought into the laws of nature at the most fundamental level.,,, In the realist approach the history of the world is endlessly splitting; it does so every time a macroscopic body becomes tied in with a choice of quantum states.”

    The Trouble with Quantum Mechanics – Steven Weinberg – January 2017
    Excerpt: Today there are two widely followed approaches to quantum mechanics, the “realist” and “instrumentalist” approaches,9 which view the origin of probability in measurement in two very different ways. For reasons I will explain, neither approach seems to me quite satisfactory.10,,,,
    In the instrumentalist approach,,, humans are brought into the laws of nature at the most fundamental level. According to Eugene Wigner, a pioneer of quantum mechanics, “it was not possible to formulate the laws of quantum mechanics in a fully consistent way without reference to the consciousness.”11,,,,
    ,,, In quantum mechanics these probabilities do not exist until people choose what to measure, such as the spin in one or another direction. Unlike the case of classical physics, a choice must be made,,,
    In the realist approach the history of the world is endlessly splitting; it does so every time a macroscopic body becomes tied in with a choice of quantum states. This inconceivably huge variety of histories has provided material for science fiction. 12
    http://quantum.phys.unm.edu/46.....inberg.pdf

    Moreover, Dogdoc is wrong in his claim that “there is zero convincing experimental proof of any of them”.

    For instance, the ‘realist’ approach has been experimentally falsified. Specifically, in the ‘realist’ approach, the collapse of the wave function is simply denied as being a real effect in quantum mechanics,

    Many-worlds interpretation
    Excerpt: The many-worlds interpretation (MWI) is an interpretation of quantum mechanics that asserts that the universal wavefunction is objectively real, and that there is no wave function collapse.[2]
    – per wikipedia

    Quantum mechanics – Philosophical implications
    Excerpt: Everett’s many-worlds interpretation, formulated in 1956, holds that all the possibilities described by quantum theory simultaneously occur in a multiverse composed of mostly independent parallel universes.[52] This is a consequence of removing the axiom of the collapse of the wave packet.
    – per wikipedia

    Yet, the collapse of the wave function is now experimentally shown to be a real effect.

    As the following article states, “homodyne measurements, show,, the non-local collapse of a particle’s wave function.,” and, “the collapse of the wave function is a real effect”, and, “”Through these different measurements, you see the wave function collapse in different ways, thus proving its existence and showing that Einstein was wrong.”

    Quantum experiment verifies Einstein’s ‘spooky action at a distance’ – March 24, 2015
    Excerpt: An experiment,, has for the first time demonstrated Albert Einstein’s original conception of “spooky action at a distance” using a single particle.
    ,, Professor Howard Wiseman and his experimental collaborators,, report their use of homodyne measurements to show what Einstein did not believe to be real, namely the non-local collapse of a (single) particle’s wave function.,,
    According to quantum mechanics, a single particle can be described by a wave function that spreads over arbitrarily large distances,,,
    ,, by splitting a single photon between two laboratories, scientists have used homodyne detectors—which measure wave-like properties—to show the collapse of the wave function is a real effect,,
    This phenomenon is explained in quantum theory,, the instantaneous non-local, (beyond space and time), collapse of the wave function to wherever the particle is detected.,,,
    “Einstein never accepted orthodox quantum mechanics and the original basis of his contention was this single-particle argument. This is why it is important to demonstrate non-local wave function collapse with a single particle,” says Professor Wiseman.
    “Einstein’s view was that the detection of the particle only ever at one point could be much better explained by the hypothesis that the particle is only ever at one point, without invoking the instantaneous collapse of the wave function to nothing at all other points.
    “However, rather than simply detecting the presence or absence of the particle, we used homodyne measurements enabling one party to make different measurements and the other, using quantum tomography, to test the effect of those choices.”
    “Through these different measurements, you see the wave function collapse in different ways, thus proving its existence and showing that Einstein was wrong.”
    http://phys.org/news/2015-03-q.....tance.html

    Moreover, it is not just that the ‘realist’ approach has been experimentally falsified, but we also now have experimental evidence confirming the ‘instrumentalist’ approach to be correct. Which is to say, we now experimental evidence showing that “humans are brought into the laws of nature at the most fundamental level.”

    Specifically, newly minted Nobel Laureate Anton Zeilinger and company have, as of 2018, pushed the ‘freedom of choice’ loophole back to 7.8 billion years ago, thereby firmly establishing the ‘common sense’ fact that the free will choices of the experimenter(s) in these quantum experiments are truly free and are not determined by any possible causal influences from the past for at least the last 7.8 billion years, and that the experimenters themselves are therefore shown to be truly free to choose whatever measurement settings in the experiments that he or she may so desire to choose so as to ‘logically’ probe whatever aspect of reality that he or she may be interested in probing.

    Cosmic Bell Test Using Random Measurement Settings from High-Redshift Quasars – Anton Zeilinger – 14 June 2018
    Abstract: This experiment pushes back to at least approx. 7.8 Gyr ago the most recent time by which any local-realist influences could have exploited the “freedom-of-choice” loophole to engineer the observed Bell violation, excluding any such mechanism from 96% of the space-time volume of the past light cone of our experiment, extending from the big bang to today.
    https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.080403

    Thus, as far as experimental science itself is concerned, the realist approach is falsified, and the instrumentalist approach is experimentally validated as being true.

    Of course, there is much more that could be said, and/or experimentally shown, that invalidates the realist approach, and validates the instrumentalist approach, but I will leave it here for now with just these two ‘simple’ lines of experimental evidence that have falsified the realist approach, and which have validated the instrumentalist approach.

    “If it disagrees with experiment, it’s wrong. In that simple statement is the key to science. It doesn’t make any difference how beautiful your guess is, it doesn’t matter how smart you are who made the guess, or what his name is … If it disagrees with experiment, it’s wrong. That’s all there is to it.”
    – Richard Feynman

    1 Thessalonians 5:21
    but test all things. Hold fast to what is good.

    Of supplemental note:

    When we rightly allow the Agent causality of God ‘back’ into physics, (as the Christian founders of modern science originally envisioned, Isaac Newton, Michael Faraday, James Clerk Maxwell, and Max Planck, to name a few of the Christian founders,,,, and as quantum mechanics itself now empirically demands with the closing of the free will loophole by Anton Zeilinger and company), then rightly allowing the Agent causality of God ‘back’ into physics provides us with a very plausible resolution for the much sought after ‘theory of everything’ in that Christ’s resurrection from the dead bridges the infinite mathematical divide that exists between General Relativity and Quantum Mechanics and provides us with an empirically backed reconciliation, via the Shroud of Turin, between Quantum Mechanics and General Relativity into the much sought after ‘Theory of Everything”
    – February 2023 –
    https://uncommondescent.com/intelligent-design/has-string-theory-really-fallen-this-time/#comment-774920

    Verse:

    Colossians 1:15-20
    The Son is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn over all creation. For in him all things were created: things in heaven and on earth, visible and invisible, whether thrones or powers or rulers or authorities; all things have been created through him and for him. He is before all things, and in him all things hold together. And he is the head of the body, the church; he is the beginning and the firstborn from among the dead, so that in everything he might have the supremacy. For God was pleased to have all his fullness dwell in him, and through him to reconcile to himself all things, whether things on earth or things in heaven, by making peace through his blood, shed on the cross.

  152. 152
    jerry says:

    I have little knowledge about Quantum Mechanics and all its variants but will investigate it when I have time.

    But what hits me is that as amazing as the universe and our solar system is, there is an incredibly complicated system underlying all the regularity. Now how did that come about? Just happened?

    In St. Kitts after passing Kf in the middle of the night.

  153. 153
    William J Murray says:

    JVL said:

    If it just means a camera or some physical way of recording an outcome then there’s no consciousness required.

    There is literally no way to test that hypothesis, seeing as the only way to set up a test or check the results is for consciousness to become involved.

    If such a set-up occurred naturally I think you’d get the same result. So, no consciousness required.

    What is the “natural thing” that changes in the “natural” double slit experiment that produces two different results?

    If a tree falls in a forest and there is no one around to ‘observe’ it, does it still make a sound? The answer surely must be YES unless you narrowly define ‘sound’ to be something perceived by a human being.

    Why “must” the answer “surely” be “YES?”

    Materialism has been scientifically disproved, and yet it still lingers on in the minds of most.

  154. 154
    JVL says:

    William J Murray: There is literally no way to test that hypothesis, seeing as the only way to set up a test or check the results is for consciousness to become involved.

    I don’t think that is true. I can conceive of a natural double-slit experiment which would require no human input.

    What is the “natural thing” that changes in the “natural” double slit experiment that produces two different results?

    ??? The double-slit experiment is one window on quantum behaviour. I’m asserting that the double-slit experiment will aways give the same result because of the configuration. A completely different configuration might give completely different results.

    Why “must” the answer “surely” be “YES?”

    Let’s say you go into a forest and note a big, old tree. At some later date you return and notice that that tree has fallen. Are you saying that because no human was around to hear you can’t be sure if the fall made a sound?

    Would your answer be different if you left a motion-triggered recording instrument at the scene?

    How do you define ‘sound’? Can plants and animals hear and react to sound? What about inanimate objects? (Thinking that some avalanches are triggered by sounds.)

  155. 155
    William J Murray says:

    Animated Dust @67 said:

    Either we conform our desires to the truth, or we conform the truth to our desires.

    There are very few things anyone can say are true with certainty. Fortunately, none of my desires run counter to those truths. I’m not desiring any 4-sided triangles. 🙂

  156. 156
    bornagain77 says:

    As to: “I can conceive of a natural double-slit experiment”.

    Wheeler did conceive of a “natural double-slit experiment”.

    Wheeler’s Classic Delayed Choice Experiment:
    Excerpt: Now, for many billions of years the photon is in transit in region 3. Yet we can choose (many billions of years later) which experimental set up to employ – the single wide-focus, or the two narrowly focused instruments. We have chosen whether to know which side of the galaxy the photon passed by (by choosing whether to use the two-telescope set up or not, which are the instruments that would give us the information about which side of the galaxy the photon passed). We have delayed this choice until a time long after the particles “have passed by one side of the galaxy, or the other side of the galaxy, or both sides of the galaxy,” so to speak. Yet, it seems paradoxically that our later choice of whether to obtain this information determines which side of the galaxy the light passed, so to speak, billions of years ago. So it seems that time has nothing to do with effects of quantum mechanics. And, indeed, the original thought experiment was not based on any analysis of how particles evolve and behave over time – it was based on the mathematics. This is what the mathematics predicted for a result, and this is exactly the result obtained in the laboratory.
    http://www.bottomlayer.com/bot.....choice.htm

    The results of that “natural double-slit experiment” are, to put it mildly, not good for atheists.

    Quantum Thought Experiment Works In Space – 2017
    Excerpt: Wheeler’s idea (thought experiment) was to imagine a “cosmic interferometer.” Suppose light from a distant distant quasar were to be gravitationally lensed by closer galaxy. As a result, light from a single quasar would appear as coming from two slightly different locations. Wheeler then noted that this light could be observed in two different ways. The first would be to have a detector aimed at each lensed image, thus making a particle measurement. The second would be to combine light from these two images in an interferometer, thus making a wave measurement. According to quantum theory, the results of these two types of experiments (particle or wave) would be exactly as we’ve observed in their standard form. But the light began its journey billions of years ago, long before we decided on which experiment to perform. Through this “delayed choice” it would seem as if the quasar light “knew” whether it would be seen as a particle or wave billions of years before the experiment was devised.
    It took nearly 30 years before the experiment was successfully done using an interferometer in a lab. The results were exactly what Wheeler predicted. Even though the choice is delayed, the outcome is just what quantum theory predicts. This was considered solid proof for most scientists, but a few argued that because the experiment was done entirely in the lab, some subtle interaction might have given light a clue as to the outcome. So there has been some effort to do the experiment at much greater distances. Now a team has succeeded in doing it between a lab on Earth and a satellite in space.
    https://www.forbes.com/sites/briankoberlein/2017/10/25/quantum-thought-experiment-works-in-space/?sh=48c963247fb7

    “Thus one decides the photon shall have come by one route or by both routes after it has already done its travel”
    – John A. Wheeler

    “It begins to look as we ourselves, by our last minute decision, have an influence on what a photon will do when it has already accomplished most of its doing… we have to say that we ourselves have an undeniable part in what we have always called the past. The past is not really the past until is has been registered. Or to put it another way, the past has no meaning or existence unless it exists as a record in the present.”
    – John Wheeler
    – The Ghost In The Atom – Page 66-68 – P. C. W. Davies, Julian R. Brown – Cambridge University Press, Jul 30, 1993

    “We have become participators in the existence of the universe. We have no right to say that the past exists independent of the act of observation.”
    – John Wheeler

    “No phenomenon is a physical phenomenon until it is an observed phenomenon.”
    — John Wheeler
    Quoted in Robert J. Scully, The Demon and the Quantum (2007), 191

  157. 157
    William J Murray says:

    I don’t think that is true. I can conceive of a natural double-slit experiment which would require no human input.

    Great! Describe it.

    JVL said:

    I’m asserting that the double-slit experiment will aways give the same result because of the configuration. A completely different configuration might give completely different results.

    No, you said that the same outcomes would happen without any conscious observer being involved.
    In the experiments, the part of the configuration that “changes” that appears to produce different outcomes is if the configuration is such that it (1) can be known, or (2) cannot be known, by the observer, either before or after the photon passes the double slit, which slit the photon passed through. Multiple configurations have been attempted (delayed choice, quantum eraser, etc.) to prove that it is NOT “the ability for a consciousness to know” which slit the photo passed through that changes the resulting pattern on the back end, and those experiments all ended up proving the opposite.

    BTW, why do you insist that the determinative part of the configuration cannot be whether or not a conscious observer can know which slit the photo passes or passed through, when that appears to be the determinative part of the configuration every time in 100 years of experimental research?

    Are you saying that because no human was around to hear you can’t be sure if the fall made a sound?

    Science has proved there are no locally real qualities about any physical phenomena. The 2022 Nobel Prize in physics was just awarded to three people who demonstrated – yet again – that this is true. Materialism and physicalism and the greater ontological category of Realism have been as disproved by science as the idea of the flat Earth.

    This leaves idealism as the only ontological category left standing. That’s just a scientific fact at this point. Whatever we are experiencing, it is consciousness-centric, not “external objective reality” -centric, because if there is such a thing, we have not been able to locate it despite 100+ years of attempts to demonstrate such a thing exists.

    There is no forest, no tree, no sound, no motion, nothing going on whatsoever without an observer being involved in some way. There is, apparently, only a field of potential experiences available, but to say that field resides “outside” of the observing mind is something that cannot be demonstrated, even in principle.

    The myth of the objective, external reality has been exhaustively disproved, but it’s hard for people, especially scientists, to figure out what to do with that knowledge in any practical sense. It sort of undermines their position as authorities on objective, external reality when that thing is itself disproved. What’s left after that sounds more like mysticism, which is why some scientists start sounding like mystics when they realize the ramifications of quantum theory.

  158. 158
    JVL says:

    Bornagain77: The results of that “natural double-slit experiment” are, to put it mildly, not good for atheists.

    Not sure if what you posted says that exactly. To requote:

    It took nearly 30 years before the experiment was successfully done using an interferometer in a lab. The results were exactly what Wheeler predicted. Even though the choice is delayed, the outcome is just what quantum theory predicts. This was considered solid proof for most scientists, but a few argued that because the experiment was done entirely in the lab, some subtle interaction might have given light a clue as to the outcome. So there has been some effort to do the experiment at much greater distances. Now a team has succeeded in doing it between a lab on Earth and a satellite in space.

    That bit doesn’t indicate how the new experiment turned out. So, following the link we get to the following (which is right after the quoted paragraph):

    Their setup is similar to other delayed choice experiments, but with a spacey twist. Light passes through an interferometer in the lab, but instead of simply measuring the result, the combined beams travel out into space, where they strike a mirror on a satellite in low Earth orbit. Only after the light bounces back to the lab is the outcome measured. The choice of measurement isn’t made until the light beam is well beyond the lab. So the lab can’t affect the outcome. As expected, the result matches Wheeler’s prediction.

    So quantum theory is right. Quantum systems don’t choose to be particles or waves to fit the experiment. They have both particle-like and wave-like properties at the same time. It’s strange, but it’s not magic.

    I don’t see how that is a problem for atheists. This is how I have always understood such things to be: they have properties of waves and particles and the property you ‘observe’ depends on the mechanical configuration of your apparatus. And not consciousness.

  159. 159
    JVL says:

    William J Murray: Great! Describe it.

    I suggest you read the article linked to by Bornagain77: https://www.forbes.com/sites/briankoberlein/2017/10/25/quantum-thought-experiment-works-in-space/

    Science has proved there are no locally real qualities about any physical phenomena. The 2022 Nobel Prize in physics was just awarded to three people who demonstrated – yet again – that this is true.

    The 2022 Nobel Prize for Physics was awarded “”for experiments with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and pioneering quantum information science”.

    From: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2022/press-release/

    Alain Aspect, John Clauser and Anton Zeilinger have each conducted groundbreaking experiments using entangled quantum states, where two particles behave like a single unit even when they are separated. Their results have cleared the way for new technology based upon quantum information.

    And

    For a long time, the question was whether the correlation was because the particles in an entangled pair contained hidden variables, instructions that tell them which result they should give in an experiment. In the 1960s, John Stewart Bell developed the mathematical inequality that is named after him. This states that if there are hidden variables, the correlation between the results of a large number of measurements will never exceed a certain value. However, quantum mechanics predicts that a certain type of experiment will violate Bell’s inequality, thus resulting in a stronger correlation than would otherwise be possible.

    John Clauser developed John Bell’s ideas, leading to a practical experiment. When he took the measurements, they supported quantum mechanics by clearly violating a Bell inequality. This means that quantum mechanics cannot be replaced by a theory that uses hidden variables.

    I don’t see how that matches up with your summary.

    There is no forest, no tree, no sound, no motion, nothing going on whatsoever without an observer being involved in some way.

    Which would seem to mean that you cannot realistically deal with the past, certainly before there were ‘observer beings’ . . . whatever that means. I guess that means that all cosmology and earth sciences before . . . vertebrates? is just bogus guesswork?

    The myth of the objective, external reality has been exhaustively disproved, but it’s hard for people, especially scientists, to figure out what to do with that knowledge in any practical sense.

    Maybe that’s why no one is actually trying to do anything with that knowledge.

  160. 160
    William J Murray says:

    Which would seem to mean that you cannot realistically deal with the past

    The only “realistic” way to deal with “the past” is to recognize it for what it is – a mental framework that is constructed in the “now,” from current experience. Even memories are things that occur in the “now” of current experience.

    Maybe that’s why no one is actually trying to do anything with that knowledge.

    Lots of people are. The internet is chock full of people running mental reality experiments. Some of them are even scientists.

    I’m currently conducting my own experiments 🙂 It’s a lot of fun.

  161. 161
    Origenes says:

    WJM @157

    Science has proved there are no locally real qualities about any physical phenomena. The 2022 Nobel Prize in physics was just awarded to three people who demonstrated – yet again – that this is true. Materialism and physicalism and the greater ontological category of Realism have been as disproved by science as the idea of the flat Earth.

    As I understand it, science has proved that the qualities of physical phenomena exist within the range of a limited set of possibilities. E.g. the spin of an electron is either up or down, and the spin direction only becomes definitive due to an observer. I would argue that saying that there is an electron with an indefinite spin, is quite different from saying that there is no real electron at all.

    There is no forest, no tree, no sound, no motion, nothing going on whatsoever without an observer being involved in some way.

    Here the same applies: to say that there is no forest with a definite form (within the range of a limited set of possibilities) without an observer, is different from saying what you seem to be saying, namely that, without an observer, there is no forest at all.
    My claim is that a physical phenomenon exists independent of a conscious observer in a limited indefinite state.

    As an aside, the form of larger physical phenomena is much more definite than e.g. electrons. This is why:

    While quantum effects are not strictly confined to the atomic scale, they certainly are more common at the atomic scale. Why is this? Let’s look at matter. To be a quantum effect, we have to get matter to act like waves. To be a macroscopic quantum effect, we have to get many bits of matter to act like waves in an organized fashion. If all the bits of matter are acting like waves in a random, disjointed manner, then their waves interfere and average away to zero on the macroscopic scale. In physics, we refer to an organized wave-like behavior as “coherence”. The more the wave-like natures of the bits of matter are aligned, the more coherent is the object overall. And the more coherent an object, the more it acts like a wave overall. As a rough analogy, consider a group of kids splashing about in a swimming pool. If the kids are all doing their own thing, then the water waves they create when they splash will be random. A bunch of random water waves adds up to approximately zero. This system is non-coherent and the water waves are not obvious unless you look closely. Now, if the kids line up and all splash the water at the same moment every two seconds, all of their little waves add up to one giant wave of water. This system is coherent, and the water wave in the pool is obvious. The swimming pool is only an analogy. Water waves act like waves of little solid particles, and are therefore classical and not quantum. In order to act like quantum waves, bits of matter must not just have their motions aligned, the bits of matter must also have their quantum wave natures aligned.

    The key here is that a large-scale coherent state is improbable as long as the individual parts are behaving randomly. There are only a handful of possible ways to have a system of pieces act in a coordinated fashion, while there are far more ways to have the system act in an uncoordinated fashion. Therefore, coordinated behavior is less likely than uncoordinated behavior, although not impossible. For example, if you roll 5 traditional dice, there are six ways ways to get all the numbers to be the same in one roll. In contrast, there are thousands of ways to get all the numbers to not be the same. Getting the dice to show the same number is improbable but not impossible. In a similar way, quantum coherence on the macroscopic scale is improbable, but not impossible.

  162. 162
    Seversky says:

    Querius/147

    LOL. You really don’t know anything about the double-slit experiment? What are observers looking in that experiment?

    They are looking at photons or whatever other particle they are firing at the two slits. They are not looking at nothing and expecting a particle to materialize in the field of view which is what BA77 is interpreting that quote to mean.

    Quantum theory is now widely accepted by physicists. For example, Vlatko Vedral is a professor of Physics at the University of Oxford who specializes in quantum theory and whose research papers are widely cited expresses the concept this way:

    No one is denying that quantum theory is widely accepted or that Vedral’s is one interpretation of what is being observed.

    The act of observing collapses the wavefunction, which is a mathematical probability wave, resulting in a physical particle.

    That may be one interpretation but my understanding is that the more common one is that prior to measurement the particle exists in a superposition of possible states which is expressed as a probability distribution in the form of a wave. The measurement finds the particle in one particular state so the wavefunction distribution of probabilities collapses to one certainty.

    It’s also been shown that quantum mechanics is not confined to the subatomic physics, but is involved at a fundamental level in macro processes occurring in the sun, photosynthesis, lasers, solar panels, and microelectronics.

    Unless you assume that the quantum domain is entirely detached from the macroscopic layers of reality, that is to be expected.

  163. 163
    bornagain77 says:

    JVL, “This is how I have always understood such things to be: they have properties of waves and particles and the property you ‘observe’ depends on the mechanical configuration of your apparatus. And not consciousness.”

    First off, the experiments are NOT saying that our consciousness is collapsing the infinite dimensional/infinite information wave function,

    Wave function
    Excerpt “wave functions form an abstract vector space”,,, This vector space is infinite-dimensional, because there is no finite set of functions which can be added together in various combinations to create every possible function.
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/W.....ctor_space

    Why do we need infinite-dimensional Hilbert spaces in physics?
    You need an infinite dimensional Hilbert space to represent a wavefunction of any continuous observable (like position for example).
    https://physics.stackexchange.com/questions/149786/why-do-we-need-infinite-dimensional-hilbert-spaces-in-physics

    Why does describing a quantum state take an infinite amount of information?
    Excerpt: Intuitively, things look pretty bad for Alice. She doesn’t know the state (the wave function)
    of the qubit she has to send to Bob, and the laws of quantum mechanics prevent her from determining the state when she only has a single copy of (the wave function) in her possession. What’s worse, even if she did know the state (the wave function), describing it precisely takes an infinite amount of classical information since (the wave function) takes values in a continuous space. So even if she did know (the wave function) it would take forever for Alice to describe the state to Bob.
    https://quantumcomputing.stackexchange.com/questions/14324/why-does-describing-a-quantum-state-take-an-infinite-amount-of-classical-informa

    ,, Indeed, I hold it to be fairly obvious that only the omniscient, omnipresent, Mind of God has the ‘causal sufficiency’ in order to collapse the infinite dimensional/infinite information wave function.

    So again, these experiments are not saying that our own finite consciousness is collapsing the infinite dimensional/infinite information wave function. These experiments are ‘merely’ saying that the free will of our own consciousness, and in how we choose to make our measurements, plays an integral, yet not complete, role in bringing about wave function collapse. And that integral role that our free will plays, in bringing about wave function collapse, is enough, in and of itself, to refute any and all forms of atheistic materialism that deny that we have free will in any real and meaningful sense.

    As Anton Zeilinger stated, “what we perceive as reality now depends on our earlier decision what to measure. Which is a very, very, deep message about the nature of reality and our part in the whole universe. We are not just passive observers.””

    “The Kochen-Speckter Theorem talks about properties of one system only. So we know that we cannot assume – to put it precisely, we know that it is wrong to assume that the features of a system, which we observe in a measurement exist prior to measurement. Not always. I mean in certain cases. So in a sense, what we perceive as reality now depends on our earlier decision what to measure. Which is a very, very, deep message about the nature of reality and our part in the whole universe. We are not just passive observers.”
    Anton Zeilinger –
    Quantum Physics Debunks Materialism – video (7:17 minute mark)
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=4C5pq7W5yRM#t=437

    Of further note, here is the recent lecture given by Zeilinger at his Nobel Prize ceremony. A lecture where Zeilinger emphasized that space and time play no role at all in quantum measurement.

    “There’s one important message I want to say here. When you look at the predictions of quantum mechanics for multi-particle entanglement,, so you could have one measurement here, one (measurement) there, an earlier (measurement), a later (measurement), and so on. These predictions (of quantum mechanics) are completely independent of the relative arrangements of measurements in space and time. That tells you something about the role of space and time. There’s no role at all.”,,,
    – Anton Zeilinger
    – 2022 Nobel Prize lectures in physics – video (1:50:07 mark)
    https://youtu.be/a9FsKqvrJNY?t=6607
    Alain Aspect: From Einstein’s doubts to quantum technologies: non-locality a fruitful image
    John F. Clauser: Experimental proof that nonlocal quantum entanglement is real
    Anton Zeilinger: A Voyage through Quantum Wonderland
    – Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics 2022 “for experiments with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and pioneering quantum information science”.

  164. 164
    bornagain77 says:

    Sev: “which is what BA77 is interpreting that quote to mean.”

    LOL, Seversky, an atheistic materialist, apparently now believes in mind reading. 🙂

  165. 165
    chuckdarwin says:

    BA77/141

    While I disagree that the percentage of leading scientists who actually endorse the classical model of Darwinism is nearly as high as ChuckyD claims it is….
    Then ChuckyD goes on to note that the “Third Way” distances itself from ID. That is not news to me ChuckyD. And I never said, or implied, that they endorsed ID. I just said that they have severe problems with natural selection, and the classical model of Darwinism in general. (emphasis added)

    One of the on-going problems with trying to have a discussion with BA77 is that he only reads what he wants to read, ignoring what is actually being said. The above excerpt is a good example. I explicitly pointed out that the continued viability of “classical” Darwinism/Neo-Darwinism, which posits natural selection as the only mechanism of evolution, is not a consensus view in current biology, nor has it been for decades.
    Enough said…..

  166. 166
    bornagain77 says:

    Lest I be accused of taking him out of context again, here is ChuckyD’s exact quote,

    Moreover, “third way” scientists do not reject natural selection out of hand. Rather, they have expressed concerns about NS as the sole explanation for evolution, an idea which is pretty much passe within the biological community irrespective of “third way’s” sweeping generalizations to the contrary.

    And yet ChuckyD’s flippant dismissal of the Third Way’s critique of natural selection as being ‘passe’ is, contrary to what ChuckyD believes, a sure sign of the unscientific, and non-falsifiable, nature of Darwinism.

    As Cornelius Hunter recently pointed out, you are allowed to question anything and everything within evolutionary theory save for doubting atheistic naturalism itself!

    There Is No Settled “Theory Of Evolution” – Nov. 2022
    Excerpt: “What is evolution? The origin of species by: natural selection, random causes, common descent, gradualism, etc. Right?
    Wrong. Too often that is what is taught, but it is false. That’s according to evolutionists themselves. A typical example? See, “The study of evolution is fracturing — and that may be a good thing,” by Lund University biologist Erik Svensson, writing at The Conversation.
    Evolutionists themselves can forfeit natural selection, random causes, common descent, etc. How do I know? Because it is in the literature.
    So, what is evolution? In other words, what is core to the theory — and not forfeitable? It’s naturalism. Period. That is the only thing required of evolutionary theory. And naturalism is a religious requirement, not a scientific one.
    Aside from naturalism, practically anything is fair game: Uncanny convergence, rapid divergence, lineage-specific biology, evolution of evolution, directed mutations, saltationism, unlikely simultaneous mutations, just-so stories, multiverses … the list goes on.
    But this is where it gets interesting. Because if you have two theories, you don’t have one theory. In other words, you have a multitude of contradictory theories. And you have heated debates because nothing seems to fit the data. In science, that is not a good sign. But it is exactly what evolutionists have had — for over a century now.
    There is no such thing as a settled theory of evolution. On that point, textbook orthodoxy is simply false.”
    – Dr. Cornelius Hunter.
    https://uncommondescent.com/evolution/at-evolution-news-there-is-no-settled-theory-of-evolution/

    In other words, Darwinism is not a hard and testable science, but it is instead to be considered a religion for atheists.

    There is simply no experimental finding that Darwinists will ever accept as a falsification of their, ahem, ‘theory’.

    Darwinism vs. Falsification – list and links to defense of each claim
    https://docs.google.com/document/d/1I6fT6ATY700Bsx2-JSFqL6l-rzXpMcZcZKZfYRS45h4/

    Again, Darwinian evolution simply fails to qualify as a hard and testable science, but it is instead to be considered a religion for atheists. As Robert Marks stated, “there exists no model successfully describing undirected Darwinian evolution. According to our current understanding, there never will be.,,,”

    Top Ten Questions and Objections to ‘Introduction to Evolutionary Informatics’ – Robert J. Marks II – June 12, 2017
    Excerpt: “There exists no model successfully describing undirected Darwinian evolution. Hard sciences are built on foundations of mathematics or definitive simulations. Examples include electromagnetics, Newtonian mechanics, geophysics, relativity, thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, optics, and many areas in biology. Those hoping to establish Darwinian evolution as a hard science with a model have either failed or inadvertently cheated. These models contain guidance mechanisms to land the airplane squarely on the target runway despite stochastic wind gusts. Not only can the guiding assistance be specifically identified in each proposed evolution model, its contribution to the success can be measured, in bits, as active information.,,,”,,, “there exists no model successfully describing undirected Darwinian evolution. According to our current understanding, there never will be.,,,”
    https://evolutionnews.org/2017/06/top-ten-questions-and-objections-to-introduction-to-evolutionary-informatics/
    Robert Jackson Marks II is an American electrical engineer. His contributions include the Zhao-Atlas-Marks (ZAM) time-frequency distribution in the field of signal processing,[1] the Cheung–Marks theorem[2] in Shannon sampling theory and the Papoulis-Marks-Cheung (PMC) approach in multidimensional sampling.[3] He was instrumental in the defining of the field of computational intelligence and co-edited the first book using computational intelligence in the title.[4][5]
    – per wikipedia

  167. 167
    PyrrhoManiac1 says:

    @165

    I explicitly pointed out that the continued viability of “classical” Darwinism/Neo-Darwinism, which posits natural selection as the only mechanism of evolution, is not a consensus view in current biology, nor has it been for decades.

    Agreed. And his suspicion that the Third Way people are avoiding ID because of fears of political persecution is just weird.

    On some (not all) versions of the expanded evolutionary synthesis, it is conceptually incompatible with ID. It would be inconsistent for anyone to support both.

    I am thinking here primarily of Denis Walsh’s argument in Organisms, Agency, and Evolution that teleological (and not merely “teleonomic”) explanations are necessary in biology because we need to think of organisms as subjects, and that population genetics can’t work as a model of evolution because it treats genes as mere objects that get shuffled around. This coheres nicely with Daniel Nicholson’s argument that organisms are not machines and that the machine metaphor of organisms has hampered biological theory.

    By contrast, ID is fundamentally committed to the machine metaphor of organisms, which is why it relies on engineering concepts to do biology in the first place.

    These are logically incompatible approaches to biology, because they disagree about the foundational conceptual issues about whether it even makes sense to regard organisms as machines at all.

    Aside: This is also why it has always bothered me that Uncommon Descent promotes people like Stephen Talbott and J. Scott Turner — they are holistic organicists, what Walsh calls “methodological vitalists”, and that is absolutely not what Behe and other design theorists are committed to. Behe’s whole point is that some kind of ordering intelligence is necessary in order to assemble, top-down, the vastly complicated, interconnected bio-molecular mechanisms observed at the sub-cellular level of organization. That is precisely what Talbott, Turner, Walsh, and Nicholson are rejecting!

  168. 168
    bornagain77 says:

    And which expanded evolutionary synthesis would that be?

    As mentioned previously, none of the proposed alternatives to natural selection and random mutations, i.e. to classical Darwinism, are capable of fulfilling the role of ‘designer substitute’ that natural selection was suppose to play the role of.

    Darrel Falk Downplays the Ramifications of the 2016 Royal Society Meeting
    Brian Miller – June 2, 2021
    I also attended the conference, but I interpreted the content of the presentations within the broader scope of the history I just described. Within that context, the implications of what was said, and what was not said, reveal a much different story.
    The True Story
    Natural selection is the only mechanism that even in principle could mimic the activity of an intelligent agent in creating anything of at least modest complexity and ingenuity. This conclusion is highlighted by the fact that speakers at the conference showcased every conceivable alternative mechanism that could potentially help fill the explanatory deficits of the SEM. But not one shred of evidence was presented that any of the extensions could perform any feat beyond such trivial tasks as increasing a plant’s height, changing the number of digits in an animal’s limb, or performing other slight modifications to preexisting traits.
    The current state of evolution can be compared to the crisis astronomy would face if physicists discovered that gravity stopped operating beyond 10,000 miles past a celestial body. The loss of the only feasible mechanism that could explain the motion of planets, stars, and galaxies would result in absolute pandemonium and despair.
    Most materialist biologists will not so easily come to terms with their true predicament since evolution operates not only as a scientific theory but as a sacrosanct creation narrative for secular society. Nevertheless, with natural selection off the table as a designer substitute, the only sensible interpretation that remains for the overwhelming evidence of design in biological systems is that life is the product of an actual designer (here, here).
    https://evolutionnews.org/2021/06/darrel-falk-downplays-the-ramifications-of-the-royal-society-meeting/

    Lynn Margulis: Evolutionist and Critic of Neo-Darwinism – Stephen C. Meyer – April 25, 2014
    Excerpt: in Chapters 15 and 16 of Darwin’s Doubt, I addressed six new (that is, post neo-Darwinian) theories of evolution — theories that proposed new mechanisms to either supplement or replace the reliance upon mutation and natural selection in neo-Darwinian theory.,,
    I show that, although several of these new evolutionary theories offer some intriguing advantages over the orthodox neo-Darwinian model, they too fail to offer adequate explanations for the origin of the genetic and epigenetic information necessary to account for new forms of animal life — such as those that arise in the Cambrian period.
    http://www.evolutionnews.org/2.....84871.html

    Darwin’s Doubt (Part 9) by Paul Giem – video – The Post Darwinian World and Self Organization
    Chapter 15 and 16 of Darwin’s Doubt in which 6 alternative models to neo-Darwinism, that have been proposed by evolutionists (such as those of the Altenberg 16) to ‘make up’ for the inadequacy in neo-Darwinism, are discussed and the failings of each model is exposed.
    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v.....Ow3u0_mK8t

    To repeat Robert Marks’ quote, “there exists no model successfully describing undirected Darwinian evolution. According to our current understanding, there never will be.,,,”

    Top Ten Questions and Objections to ‘Introduction to Evolutionary Informatics’ – Robert J. Marks II – June 12, 2017
    Excerpt: “There exists no model successfully describing undirected Darwinian evolution. Hard sciences are built on foundations of mathematics or definitive simulations. Examples include electromagnetics, Newtonian mechanics, geophysics, relativity, thermodynamics, quantum mechanics, optics, and many areas in biology. Those hoping to establish Darwinian evolution as a hard science with a model have either failed or inadvertently cheated. These models contain guidance mechanisms to land the airplane squarely on the target runway despite stochastic wind gusts. Not only can the guiding assistance be specifically identified in each proposed evolution model, its contribution to the success can be measured, in bits, as active information.,,,”,,, “there exists no model successfully describing undirected Darwinian evolution. According to our current understanding, there never will be.,,,”
    https://evolutionnews.org/2017/06/top-ten-questions-and-objections-to-introduction-to-evolutionary-informatics/
    Robert Jackson Marks II is an American electrical engineer. His contributions include the Zhao-Atlas-Marks (ZAM) time-frequency distribution in the field of signal processing,[1] the Cheung–Marks theorem[2] in Shannon sampling theory and the Papoulis-Marks-Cheung (PMC) approach in multidimensional sampling.[3] He was instrumental in the defining of the field of computational intelligence and co-edited the first book using computational intelligence in the title.[4][5]
    – per wikipedia

  169. 169
    jerry says:

    I explicitly pointed out that the continued viability of “classical” Darwinism/Neo-Darwinism, which posits natural selection as the only mechanism of evolution, is not a consensus view in current biology, nor has it been for decades

    That is nonsense and has been nonsense from the get go

    Variation and heritability are the two mechanisms of Darwinian change. Natural selection is not a mechanism.

    Maybe you should read/take some biology before commenting. Did you have high school biology?

    The expanded evolutionary synthesis is conceptually incompatible with ID. It would be inconsistent for anyone to support both

    another person who needs to take some biology courses.

    Aside: All are just genetics and have nothing to do with Evolution. ID accepts all genetic research which shows that ID critics haven’t a clue what they are talking about. But they do like to post nonsense.

  170. 170
    PyrrhoManiac1 says:

    And which expanded evolutionary synthesis would that be?

    The one described in the very many books and articles that I’ve referenced, and that are also recommended on the Third Way website.

  171. 171
    bornagain77 says:

    You are aware that there are various models being proposed do you not?

  172. 172
    chuckdarwin says:

    PM1/167
    I don’t think consistency is goal number one for IDers; that would be ragging on evolution….

  173. 173
    jerry says:

    I have a question.

    Is the Third Way of Evolution just a subset of ID? It seems to be all about genetics. Which ID endorses. It even makes a big deal about Darwin’s Finches which are definitely ID. So

        Let’s Go Finches!

  174. 174
    bornagain77 says:

    Here is the one and only challenge for any proposed ‘designer substitute’ model that hopes to falsify ID as a scientific theory. Namely, minus any intelligent intervention, create coded information.

    There is even a 10 million dollar prize being offered to the first person who can prove that you don’t need intelligence to create coded information.

    Artificial Intelligence + Origin of Life Prize, $10 Million USD
    Where did life and the genetic code come from? Can the answer build superior AI? The #1 mystery in science now has a $10 million prize.
    Excerpt: What You Must Do to Win The Prize
    You must arrange for a digital communication system to emerge or self-evolve without “cheating.” The diagram below describes the system. Without explicitly designing the system, your experiment must generate an encoder that sends digital code to a decoder. Your system needs to transmit at least five bits of information. (In other words it has to be able to represent 32 states. The genetic code supports 64.)
    You have to be able to draw an encoding and decoding table and determine whether or not the data has been transmitted successfully.
    So, for example, an RNA based origin of life experiment will be considered successful if it contains an encoder, message and decoder as described above. To our knowledge, this has never been done.,,

    ,,, The Challenge Breakthrough
    To solve this problem is far more than an object of abstract religious or philosophical discussion. It would demonstrate a mechanism for producing novel, naturally forming information systems, thus opening new channels of scientific discovery.
    Such a find would have sweeping implications for Artificial Intelligence research. This would provide a solution to the most perplexing transition currently faced by the Origin Of Life field, namely the origin of coded information.
    How could the genetic code (or any coding system) come into being? This would represent a landmark discovery in the history of science and alter our fundamental understanding of the universe.
    https://www.herox.com/evolution2.0

  175. 175
    Querius says:

    Dogdoc @149,

    Querius: What’s currently unknown is a deterministic materialism solution to the “measurement problem.”

    Dogdoc: I’d say there’s more than that. For starters, there’s not even a basic quantum ontology that has general support among physicists.

    No, there is no known deterministic materialism solution to the “measurement problem.” Unlike philosophy, science shouldn’t start with an ontology that has general consensus. Focusing on finding a philosophically compatible interpretation is not how one follows scientific evidence.

    For example, Lee Smolin is very honest on this point in the introduction to Einstein’s Unfinished Revolution. I respect him for his candor that he limits his research based on two assumptions, one of which is “realism” by which he means “scientific realism,” an ontological position.

    My so-called “cherry picking” involves looking at experimental results without filtering them for philosophical, ideological, or theological compatibility. But you’re right that there are many online sources that do so to defend their worldviews. Such behavior is not science but a modern manifestation of the Semmelweiss Effect. For example, when explaining the “wave nature” of particles, they usually forget to tell their readers that such waves aren’t electromagnetic waves.

    You talk about “deterministic materialism”? First, the term “materialism” is hardly applicable to QM interpretations that refer to nothing akin to what we think of as “material”. And few interpretations are deterministic (only two come to mind: Bohmian mechanics, and an interesting new interpretation attributing uncertainty to deterministic chaos by Timothy Palmer).

    Um, I think you need to read more widely on the subject of Quantum Mechanics.

    The problem here is not a lack of evidence, but rather that every interpretation must be consistent with the well-verified mathematical formalism of QM, making it, at present, theoretically impossible to experimentally differentiate among interpretations.

    What you wrote is exactly what Sabine Hossenfelder objects to in her book, Lost in Math: How Beauty Leads Physics Astray. She notes that much of the mathematics is NOT supported by experimental evidence. And she herself is committed to deterministic materialism, even though reluctantly admitting that random chance exists (but claims it’s not significant).

    You’re right about the flood of interpretations and debunkers, which all seem to invoke the gods-of-the-gaps: MUSTA, MIGHTA, and EMERGENT. Why not allow the proven experimental results simply speak for themselves without forcing interpretations or ideologies on them?

    What are some of these actual experiments?

    1. Our choice of what to measure affects reality (double-slit experiment, plus many others).

    2. Particles don’t exist as particles until they’re measured/observed (double slit experiment–one particle at a time).

    3. Particles can “tunnel” through impermeable barriers probabilistically (quantum tunneling). This effect prevents further miniaturization of microelectronics and contributes to errors on hard disks. It also enables fusion in the sun.

    4. Measurements made after the fact in time retroactively affect the result (quantum erasure).

    5. Constant observation/measurement prevents the radioactive decay of the observed particle (quantum Zeno effect).

    6. Related variables such as position and momentum (called conjugate variables) enable the extraction of only a limited total amount of information based on what the observer chooses to measure (the Heisenberg uncertainty principle).

    7. Particles can become entangled such that observing something about one of them immediately affects the other regardless of the distance between them (but still doesn’t allow for faster-than-light communication). This effect is being investigated for use in hard encryption technologies and quantum computing.

    8. Particles can be “teleported” instantly over large distances, causing the disappearance of the original particle and the appearance of a particle with the identical properties at a different location.

    These are some of the experimental facts that theorists and debunkers are hard at work trying to reconcile experimental results with deterministic materialism. On the other extreme, there are cosmic humanists who have their own agenda. Other people simply hide behind ignorance by claiming that there’s a lot of controversy, no one knows for sure, so quantum mechanics can be safely ignored.

    -Q

  176. 176
    JVL says:

    William J Murray: The only “realistic” way to deal with “the past” is to recognize it for what it is – a mental framework that is constructed in the “now,” from current experience. Even memories are things that occur in the “now” of current experience.

    Now I’m remembering why I stopped trying to have a discussion with you previously.

    Lots of people are. The internet is chock full of people running mental reality experiments. Some of them are even scientists.

    But you don’t really believe in people or the internet or scientists ’cause everything is just personal perceptions of your own. You could just be a brain in a box and everything else is just signals sent along wires to your cortex. IF your cortex even exists. Who can say?

    Not much point in having a discussion is there if it’s all just fiction? The question is: who’s providing the inputs that you perceive? Where do the sensations come from? If you’re not making them up then they must have a source somewhere.

    Here’s another question: when you stop perceiving (as in die) and all your memories and perceptions evaporate into nothingness . . . what was the point? Or even now, if it’s all just in your head then why not just muck about (like Bill Murray in Groundhog Day . . . Bill Murray, William Murray . . . ) and try dying in different ways just to see what happens?

    What, in fact, does stop you from jumping off a bridge just to see what happens?

  177. 177
    JVL says:

    Bornagain77: First off, the experiments are NOT saying that our consciousness is collapsing the infinite dimensional/infinite information wave function,

    Okay . . .

    Indeed, I hold it to be fairly obvious that only the omniscient, omnipresent, Mind of God has the ‘causal sufficiency’ in order to collapse the infinite dimensional/infinite information wave function.

    But you do realise that the wave function is just a model of the reality, it’s not a real thing. It tells us something about the way the real thing behaves under certain conditions. It doesn’t actually ‘collapse’ so much as it’s resolved depending on how it’s ‘observed’.

    So again, these experiments are not saying that our own finite consciousness is collapsing the infinite dimensional/infinite information wave function. These experiments are ‘merely’ saying that the free will of our own consciousness, and in how we choose to make our measurements, plays an integral, yet not complete, role in bringing about wave function collapse. And that integral role that our free will plays, in bringing about wave function collapse, is enough, in and of itself, to refute any and all forms of atheistic materialism that deny that we have free will in any real and meaningful sense.

    Well, again, how we choose to ‘observe’ or measure means we are just experiencing the particle/wave in one narrow way. The wave function, a model, collapses only in the sense that we choose to take a slice of it, figuratively, at a particular moment in a particular way. The particle/wave is not reduced or diminished in any way; like the elephant being touched by a blind man one aspect of it is perceived. The elephant doesn’t reduce down to that one perception.

    As Anton Zeilinger stated, “what we perceive as reality now depends on our earlier decision what to measure. Which is a very, very, deep message about the nature of reality and our part in the whole universe. We are not just passive observers.””

    I agree in that our understanding of what is real depends on what we look at. BUT that doesn’t mean that we limit what is real based on what we focus on. What it means is that what we experience depends on what we choose to see.

  178. 178
    bornagain77 says:

    Of related note to the main topic of the thread, “Harvard Astronomer: The Wonders Of The Universe Point To A Creator”

    :: Recently uploaded Hoover Institute video:

    By Design: Behe, Lennox, and Meyer on the Evidence for a Creator
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rXexaVsvhCM

  179. 179
    bornagain77 says:

    JVL as to:

    But you do realise that the wave function is just a model of the reality, it’s not a real thing. It tells us something about the way the real thing behaves under certain conditions. It doesn’t actually ‘collapse’ so much as it’s resolved depending on how it’s ‘observed’.

    It might interest you to know,

    “The final topic to be described is work aimed at the direct measurement of the quantum wavefunction.  Historically, the wavefunction has often been considered to be primarily a conceptual entity that can be measured if at all using highly inefficient methods such as quantum tomography.  However, Lundeen and his coworkers have recently shown [9] how by performing a “weak measurement” followed by a “strong measurement” it is possible to perform a measurement of the wavefunction in a direct and efficient manner.  In recent work, my own group has demonstrated [10] that it similar methods can be used to measure directly the wavefunction of a qubit, which is the fundamental unit of information in quantum information science.”
    – Robert W. Boyd – The Enabling Technology for Quantum Information Science 2013 – University of Rochester, Rochester, NY – lead researcher of the experiment which encoded information in a photon in 2010
    http://www.bostonphotonics.org.....eminar=202

    Direct measurement of the quantum wavefunction – June 2011
    Excerpt: The wavefunction is the complex distribution used to completely describe a quantum system, and is central to quantum theory. But despite its fundamental role, it is typically introduced as an abstract element of the theory with no explicit definition.,,,
    Here we show that the wavefunction can be measured directly by the sequential measurement of two complementary variables of the system. The crux of our method is that the first measurement is performed in a gentle way through weak measurement so as not to invalidate the second. The result is that the real and imaginary components of the wavefunction appear directly on our measurement apparatus. We give an experimental example by directly measuring the transverse spatial wavefunction of a single photon, a task not previously realized by any method.
    http://www.nature.com/nature/j.....10120.html

    Wave function gets real in quantum experiment – February 2, 2015
    Excerpt: It underpins the whole theory of quantum mechanics, but does it exist? For nearly a century physicists have argued about whether the wave function is a real part of the world or just a mathematical tool. Now, the first experiment in years to draw a line in the quantum sand suggests we should take it seriously.,,,
    There may still be a way to distinguish quantum states from each other that their experiment didn’t capture. But Howard Wiseman from Griffith University in Brisbane, Australia, says that shouldn’t weaken the results. “It’s saying there’s definitely some reality to the wave function,” he says. “You have to admit that to some extent there’s some reality to the wave function, so if you’ve gone that far, why don’t you just go the whole way?”
    http://www.newscientist.com/ar.....iment.html

    And as the following article states, “homodyne measurements, show,, the non-local collapse of a particle’s wave function.,” and, “the collapse of the wave function is a real effect”, and, “”Through these different measurements, you see the wave function collapse in different ways, thus proving its existence and showing that Einstein was wrong.”

    Quantum experiment verifies Einstein’s ‘spooky action at a distance’ – March 24, 2015
    Excerpt: An experiment,, has for the first time demonstrated Albert Einstein’s original conception of “spooky action at a distance” using a single particle.
    ,, Professor Howard Wiseman and his experimental collaborators,, report their use of homodyne measurements to show what Einstein did not believe to be real, namely the non-local collapse of a (single) particle’s wave function.,,
    According to quantum mechanics, a single particle can be described by a wave function that spreads over arbitrarily large distances,,,
    ,, by splitting a single photon between two laboratories, scientists have used homodyne detectors—which measure wave-like properties—to show the collapse of the wave function is a real effect,,
    This phenomenon is explained in quantum theory,, the instantaneous non-local, (beyond space and time), collapse of the wave function to wherever the particle is detected.,,,
    “Einstein never accepted orthodox quantum mechanics and the original basis of his contention was this single-particle argument. This is why it is important to demonstrate non-local wave function collapse with a single particle,” says Professor Wiseman.
    “Einstein’s view was that the detection of the particle only ever at one point could be much better explained by the hypothesis that the particle is only ever at one point, without invoking the instantaneous collapse of the wave function to nothing at all other points.
    “However, rather than simply detecting the presence or absence of the particle, we used homodyne measurements enabling one party to make different measurements and the other, using quantum tomography, to test the effect of those choices.”
    “Through these different measurements, you see the wave function collapse in different ways, thus proving its existence and showing that Einstein was wrong.”
    http://phys.org/news/2015-03-q.....tance.html

  180. 180
    chuckdarwin says:

    You got to love it when these comments take on a life of their own and wander off into la, la land. Richard Feynman said that nobody understands quantum mechanics. So why in the world would anyone take seriously the pretentious, jargon-ladened comments found on this blog “discussing” the topic? Collapse of the wave function? Come on folks……

  181. 181
    bornagain77 says:

    Per Q in 175, “Other people simply hide behind ignorance by claiming that there’s a lot of controversy, no one knows for sure, so quantum mechanics can be safely ignored.”

  182. 182
    relatd says:

    Ba77,

    I doubt many here have seen a sine wave on an oscilloscope. Strangely, the wave moves up and down. A real world example is throwing a rock into a pond with still water. Instead of getting one wave, we get a series of ripples that radiate outward from the point of impact. The same type of oscillation we can observe when measuring circuits. In the example with the pond, the ripples visibly become weaker/smaller as the energy that created them dissipates.

    This type of macro behavior shows that some energy states are not operating in a straight line but as a wave that oscillates.

    I have noticed that early research into quantum mechanics was dependent on this type of equipment and existing knowledge. That the measuring equipment was finally able to detect non-local wave function collapse is a testament to the persistence and imagination of the researchers.

  183. 183
    relatd says:

    CD at 180,

    “So why in the world would anyone take seriously the pretentious, jargon-ladened comments found on this blog “discussing” the topic? Collapse of the wave function? Come on folks……”

    Reminds me of another topic with much less to work with. Starts with an E…

  184. 184
    Querius says:

    Chuckdarwin @180,

    Collapse of the wave function? Come on folks……

    Unlike Darwinian evolution, multiple direct experimental results have confirmed quantum behavior for over a hundred years.

    -Q

  185. 185
    Querius says:

    Bornagain77 @181,

    Per Q in 175, “Other people simply hide behind ignorance by claiming that there’s a lot of controversy, no one knows for sure, so quantum mechanics can be safely ignored.”

    Yes, and thanks for the links @ 179. There are a couple of interesting experiments that I’m still looking for a couple of ones I read about several years ago.

    Here’s a bright young lady who performed the double-slit experiment at home:
    https://youtu.be/v_uBaBuarEM

    What I thought was particularly interesting was her impromptu experiment positioning her finger to disrupt part of the interference pattern, which yielded non-intuitive results.

    -Q

  186. 186
    bornagain77 says:

    Q, that is a nice home experiment, but, as you know, where things get really weird is when you send just one photon at a time through the slits and try to see what’s happening.

    Dr Quantum – Double Slit Experiment
    https://youtu.be/NvzSLByrw4Q?t=187

    “The path taken by the photon is not an element of reality. We are not allowed to talk about the photon passing through this or this slit. Neither are we allowed to say the photon passes through both slits. All this kind of language is not applicable.”
    – Anton Zeilinger
    Quantum Mechanics – Double Slit Experiment. Is anything real? (Prof. Anton Zeilinger) – video
    http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ayvbKafw2g0

    “We know what the particle is doing at the source when it is created. We know what it is doing at the detector when it is registered. But we do not know what it is doing in-between.”
    – Anton Zeilinger
    Prof Anton Zeilinger Shows the Double-slit Experiment – video
    http://www.dailymotion.com/vid.....iment_tech

    “We know what the particle is doing at the source when it is created. We know what it is doing at the detector when it is registered. But we do not know what it is doing in-between.”
    – Anton Zeilinger
    Prof Anton Zeilinger Shows the Double-slit Experiment – video
    http://www.dailymotion.com/vid.....iment_tech

    Supplemental note:

    “There’s one important message I want to say here. When you look at the predictions of quantum mechanics for multi-particle entanglement,, so you could have one measurement here, one (measurement) there, an earlier (measurement), a later (measurement), and so on. These predictions (of quantum mechanics) are completely independent of the relative arrangements of measurements in space and time. That tells you something about the role of space and time. There’s no role at all.”,,,
    – Anton Zeilinger
    – 2022 Nobel Prize lectures in physics – video (1:50:07 mark)
    https://youtu.be/a9FsKqvrJNY?t=6607
    Alain Aspect: From Einstein’s doubts to quantum technologies: non-locality a fruitful image
    John F. Clauser: Experimental proof that nonlocal quantum entanglement is real
    Anton Zeilinger: A Voyage through Quantum Wonderland
    – Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics 2022 “for experiments with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and pioneering quantum information science”.

  187. 187
    chuckdarwin says:

    Querius

    [M]ultiple direct experimental results have confirmed quantum behavior for over a hundred years.

    You are deliberately ignoring my point. The double slit experiment is easy to perform and replicate. High school kids can do it with proper supervision. A hundred+ years later, however, there is still no consensus (there’s that nasty word again) on how to interpret the experiment:

    Feynman stated that the double-slit experiment “…has in it the heart of quantum mechanics. In reality, it contains the only mystery” and that “nobody can give you a deeper explanation of this phenomenon than I have given; that is, a description of it” [Feynman R, Leighton R, Sands M (1965) The Feynman Lectures on Physics].

    Far be it for me to comment on Feynman, but I think his observation that all he could do is describe the phenomenon and not explain it illustrates my point…..

  188. 188
    bornagain77 says:

    CD, you do realize that Feynman made that comment in 1965 do you not?

    If you would have watched the 2022 Nobel Prize Lectures I referenced, you would have realized that, since that time, much experimental progress has been made in quantum mechanics, and many materialistic ‘interpretations’ have been ruled out. For instance, virtually all, if not all, of the materialistic ‘interpretations’ that relied on hidden variables have been ruled out.

    Not So Real – Sheldon Lee Glashow – Oct. 2018
    Excerpt: In 1959, John Stewart Bell deduced his eponymous theorem: that no system of hidden variables can reproduce all of the consequences of quantum theory. In particular, he deduced an inequality pertinent to observations of an entangled system consisting of two separated particles. If experimental results contradicted Bell’s inequality, hidden-variable models could be ruled out. Experiments of this kind seemed difficult or impossible to carry out. But, in 1972, Alain Aspect succeeded. His results contradicted Bell’s inequality. The predictions of quantum mechanics were confirmed and the principle of local realism challenged. Ever more precise tests of Bell’s inequality and its extension by John Clauser et al. continue to be performed,14 including an experiment involving pairs of photons coming from different distant quasars. Although a few tiny loopholes may remain, all such tests to date have confirmed that quantum theory is incompatible with the existence of local hidden variables. Most physicists have accepted the failure of Einstein’s principle of local realism.
    https://inference-review.com/article/not-so-real

    “hidden variables don’t exist. If you have proved them come back with PROOF and a Nobel Prize.
    John Bell theorized that maybe the particles can signal faster than the speed of light. This is what he advocated in his interview in “The Ghost in the Atom.” But the violation of Leggett’s inequality in 2007 takes away that possibility and rules out all non-local hidden variables. Observation instantly defines what properties a particle has and if you assume they had properties before we measured them, then you need evidence, because right now there is none which is why realism is dead, and materialism dies with it.
    How does the particle know what we are going to pick so it can conform to that?”
    per Jimfit
    https://uncommondescent.com/philosophy/quantum-physicist-david-bohm-on-why-there-cannot-be-a-theory-of-everything/#comment-662358

    This is not a minor problem for atheistic materialists. As the following paper entitled “Looking beyond space and time to cope with quantum theory” stated, “Our result gives weight to the idea that quantum correlations somehow arise from outside spacetime, in the sense that no story in space and time can describe them,”

    Looking beyond space and time to cope with quantum theory – 28 October 2012
    Excerpt: “Our result gives weight to the idea that quantum correlations somehow arise from outside spacetime, in the sense that no story in space and time can describe them,”
    https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/10/121028142217.htm

    And as Anton Zeilinger stated towards the end of his 2022 Nobel Prize lecture, “That tells you something about the role of space and time. There’s no role at all.”

    “There’s one important message I want to say here. When you look at the predictions of quantum mechanics for multi-particle entanglement,, so you could have one measurement here, one (measurement) there, an earlier (measurement), a later (measurement), and so on. These predictions (of quantum mechanics) are completely independent of the relative arrangements of measurements in space and time. That tells you something about the role of space and time. There’s no role at all.”,,,
    – Anton Zeilinger
    – 2022 Nobel Prize lectures in physics – video (1:50:07 mark)
    https://youtu.be/a9FsKqvrJNY?t=6607
    Alain Aspect: From Einstein’s doubts to quantum technologies: non-locality a fruitful image
    John F. Clauser: Experimental proof that nonlocal quantum entanglement is real
    Anton Zeilinger: A Voyage through Quantum Wonderland
    – Alain Aspect, John F. Clauser and Anton Zeilinger were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics 2022 “for experiments with entangled photons, establishing the violation of Bell inequalities and pioneering quantum information science”.

    Atheistic materialists simply have no beyond space and time cause that they can appeal so as to be able to explain the effect of non-local quantum coherence and/or entanglement.

    Whereas on the other hand, the Christian Theist readily does have a beyond space and time cause that he can appeal to so as to explain quantum entanglement. In fact, Christians, and Theists in general, have been postulating just such a beyond space and time cause for a few thousand years now. For instance, as Colossians 1:17 states, “He is before all things, and in him all things hold together.”

    Colossians 1:17
    He is before all things, and in him all things hold together.

    Moreover, Anton Zeilinger himself has noted that Quantum Mechanics is very friendly to a Christian ‘interpretation’. (even though, to my knowledge, Zeilinger is not a Christian himself).

    49:28 mark: “This is now my personal opinion OK. Because we cannot operationally separate the two. Whenever we talk about reality, we think about reality, we are really handling information. The two are not separable. So maybe now, this is speculative here, maybe the two are the same? Or maybe information constitutive to the universe. This reminds me of the beginning the bible of St. John which starts with “In the Beginning was the Word”.,,,
    Prof Anton Zeilinger speaks on quantum physics. at UCT – video
    https://youtu.be/s3ZPWW5NOrw?t=2969

    Why the Quantum? It from Bit? A Participatory Universe?
    Excerpt: “In conclusion, it may very well be said that information is the irreducible kernel from which everything else flows. Thence the question why nature appears quantized is simply a consequence of the fact that information itself is quantized by necessity. It might even be fair to observe that the concept that information is fundamental is very old knowledge of humanity, witness for example the beginning of gospel according to John: “In the beginning was the Word.”
    – Anton Zeilinger – Leading experimentalist in Quantum Physics? – (and along with Aspect and Clauser, won the 2022 Nobel Prize in physics)
    http://www.metanexus.net/archi.....linger.pdf

    In short ChuckyD, regardless of whatever the ‘scientific consensus’ may be, (do you remember Covid?), it is the empirical evidence itself that is falsifying atheistic interpretations of quantum mechanics and which is lending strong support to Theistic interpretations.

    1 Thessalonians 5:21
    but test all things. Hold fast to what is good.

  189. 189
    William J Murray says:

    The evidence is clear: materialism/physicalism has been as scientifically disproved as a theory can be. Realism has also been scientifically disproved. They have tried for 100 years to come up with tests that would salvage some form of materialism / physicalism / realism, and those experiments all demonstrated that all we have left, ontologically speaking, is idealism.

    I realize this doesn’t make the materialists/physicalists happy, nor does it make some members of various religions happy. It ruins a lot of paradigms and belief systems. Or puts a lot of people into denial.

  190. 190
    Querius says:

    Chuckdarwin @187,

    Querius: [M]ultiple direct experimental results have confirmed quantum behavior for over a hundred years.

    Chuckdarwin: You are deliberately ignoring my point. The double slit experiment is easy to perform and replicate. High school kids can do it with proper supervision. A hundred+ years later, however, there is still no consensus (there’s that nasty word again) on how to interpret the experiment:

    I’m not ignoring anything. While there are many ideas and controversies about the ontological interpretation of quantum mechanics and its impact is on philosophy and theology, this by no means obviates the profoundly jarring but solid experimental evidence of quantum effects including

    1. Particles instantly disappearing and reappearing in different locations, even passing through impenetrable barriers.

    2. Instantaneous conversion of diffraction patterns into bars when observed/measured.

    3. Particles that have been instantly teleported long distances.

    4. Measurements made after an event affect that event backwards in time.

    5. Particles that can be linked together even though separated by light years.

    6. Objects that can be superimposed in two different states at the same time (one of these experiments is visible to the naked eye).

    7. Radioactive particles that don’t ever decay while being observed or measured.

    Feynman stated that the double-slit experiment “…has in it the heart of quantum mechanics. In reality, it contains the only mystery” and that “nobody can give you a deeper explanation of this phenomenon than I have given; that is, a description of it” [Feynman R, Leighton R, Sands M (1965) The Feynman Lectures on Physics].

    Indeed. And now we know more than Feynman did, but have absolutely no explanation that’s compatible with deterministic materialism or even realism. As William J Murray stated @189, all that we have left is idealism (and solipsism).

    Far be it for me to comment on Feynman, but I think his observation that all he could do is describe the phenomenon and not explain it illustrates my point…..

    But what exactly is your point?

    Is it that because a viable materialistic interpretation for quantum mechanics has not achieved consensus that quantum mechanics is irrelevant to any discussion such as the OP about whether it all points to a Creator?

    What quantum mechanics indicates is that the fundamental reality of the universe is very much different than anyone predicted, and that reality depends on an observer/measurement involving information. And that the only observers/measurements are connected with a free, conscious CHOICE on what to measure/observe. That’s what science is currently telling us, if you truly want to claim you follow the science.

    -Q

  191. 191
    jerry says:

    A new book on the existence of God.

    https://twitter.com/PatFlynnCOS/status/1625887000371789825?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email

    Question: if the arguments for God were obvious, what would the world look like? If the answer is not positive, then maybe one of the best arguments for God is that it is not obvious.

    Why isn’t it obvious? Did God get the world He wanted? Is this the best of all positive worlds?

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