Uncommon Descent Serving The Intelligent Design Community

Has anyone else noticed the blatant political flavor of many sciencey mags these days?

Categories
Climate change
Culture
Intelligent Design
Media
Science
Share
Facebook
Twitter/X
LinkedIn
Flipboard
Print
Email

Yes, it was always there but recently, as the editors become ever more self-righteous (= Us vs. the Unwashed), it has become more open and that sure isn’t an improvement. Two items noted in passing:

Big Climate:

The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is an important organization with a primary purpose to assess the scientific literature on climate in order to inform policy…

Regrettably, the IPCC WG2 has strayed far from its purpose to assess and evaluate the scientific literature, and has positioned itself much more as a cheerleader for emissions reductions and produced a report that supports such advocacy. The IPCC exhorts: “impacts will continue to increase if drastic cuts in greenhouse gas emissions are further delayed – affecting the lives of today’s children tomorrow and those of their children much more than ours … Any further delay in concerted global action will miss a brief and rapidly closing window to secure a liveable future.”

The focus on emissions reductions is a major new orientation for WG2, which previously was focused exclusively on impacts, adaptation and vulnerability. The new focus on mitigation is explicit, with the IPCC WG2 noting (1-31) that its focus “expands significantly from previous reports” and now includes “the benefits of climate change mitigation and emissions reductions.” This new emphasis on mitigation colors the entire report, which in places reads as if adaptation is secondary to mitigation or even impossible. The IPCC oddly presents non-sequiturs tethering adaptation to mitigation, “Successful adaptation requires urgent, more ambitious and accelerated action and, at the same time, rapid and deep cuts in greenhouse gas emissions.”

Roger Pielke, Jr., “A Rapidly Closing Window to Secure a Liveable Future” at The Honest Broker Newsletter/Substack (March 2, 2022)

The relentless drum-banging will probably have the opposite effect of the one desired, especially when (as is sure to happen) some emission reduction strategies do much more harm than good and the boosters are running for cover, misrepresenting those outcomes in the name of “Trust the Science.”

And then there are the ridiculous efforts in popular science media to snuff out any awareness of the possibility that the virus that causes COVID-19 escaped from the Wuhan lab doing research on making viruses more powerful. How awful of any of us to suggest such a thing! Here’s an intro to a podcast on the topic:

We have featured the work of science writer Matt Ridley on several occasions over the years. Now he is the author (with Alina Chan) of the new book Viral: The Search for the Origin of Covid-19. Brendan O’Neill has recorded a podcast with Ridley to discuss how the Covid-19 virus might have leaked from a lab in Wuhan and how scientists tried to suppress the lab-leak origin theory. Spiked has posted the podcast here. I have embedded it below.

The New York Times continues to flog the alleged natural origin of the plague. Most recently, the Times has promoted “new research” pointing to the live animal market in Wuhan as the origin: “Analyzing a wide range of data, including virus genes, maps of market stalls and the social media activity of early Covid-19 patients across Wuhan, the scientists concluded that the coronavirus was very likely present in live mammals sold at the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in late 2019 and suggested that the virus spilled over into people working or shopping there on two separate occasions.” However, “some gaps” in the evidence still remain. “The new [unpublished] papers did not, for example, identify an animal at the market that spread the virus to humans.”

Scott Johnson, “The case for the lab-leak theory” at Powerline Blog (March 4, 2022)

More re Viral

Science writer Matt Ridley thinks science is reverting to a cult. Maybe his next book should be about that.

Comments
SA, you write,
“My story” says that I’m right and you’re wrong. “My story” says that there are no other good perspectives except my own. My personal, subjective storytelling says that I’m correct and you are not.
That's not what I believe. It is what many here believe: i.e., Christianity is the only true religion. I'm not guilty of what you wrote, but you are.Viola Lee
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
09:46 AM
9
09
46
AM
PDT
VL
I accept that the use of logic is a part of our rational abilities. I’ve always said that, multiple times. However, I don’t pretend, as you do, to know why.
The use of first principles of logic is an objective basis for rational analysis. We arrive at truths which transcend personal opinions.
That is your opinion. It’s no less an opinion than my opinions. We have, and live by, different metaphysical opinions.
If everything is merely subjective stories, then there's no reason for me to believe you and I can just disagree. "My story" says that I'm right and you're wrong. "My story" says that there are no other good perspectives except my own. My personal, subjective storytelling says that I'm correct and you are not. But that kills the idea that we are rational beings and we must arrive at truths about humanity and not merely be guided by our own personal storytelling. We have to be grounded in a shared reality. Otherwise, there can be no foundation for understanding.Silver Asiatic
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
09:38 AM
9
09
38
AM
PDT
Yes, SA that is what you seek. I have expressed my opinions about the limitations of that. KF says opinion is not warrant. I say that the warrant he thinks can be found can't in fact be found, and we have to live with uncertainty. I'm not trying to convince you of that, but I am trying to make it clear that alternate perspectives exist. You say, "They’re solid truths that transcend the individual – they come from God." That is your opinion. It's no less an opinion than my opinions. We have, and live by, different metaphysical opinions. You write, "The First Principles of Logic are not subjective stories. They are the foundation for reality and for human intelligence. From those first principles, we learn about the universe and about God." I accept that the use of logic is a part of our rational abilities. I've always said that, multiple times. However, I don't pretend, as you do, to know why.Viola Lee
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
08:57 AM
8
08
57
AM
PDT
VL
I realize the only proper response to existence is radical humility and surrender to the mystery.
This a profound notion and a very good one, in my view. The key ideas are humility and surrender. But I suggest there is a conflict if "the mystery" is unknowable ultimately and forever. The reason for this is because humility and surrender bow us down in a spirit of awe before something greater than ourselves. This is why Idolatry would be a vice or sin for humans. To bow ourselves down before a non-living rock, for example. Or to "surrender" to a block of wood, destroys our own integrity as human beings. We are far greater beings than rocks or wood carvings - so we can't rightly be humbled before them. We can't treat a dead tree branch as if it has the same, sacred integrity and value, as a living human being. So, humility always points to something greater. But if we are "humble before the unknowable mystery" - that's a problem because whatever is "possible to be known" in some way, is greater than an "unknowable force" that exists without love. If we are humble before God who is the perfect greatness of all things - wisdom and love especially, then we are acting rightly. If we're humbled before an impersonal "force" of some kind - then we're degrading ourselves.Silver Asiatic
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
08:50 AM
8
08
50
AM
PDT
VL
I have chosen the perspective that seems best to me, for multiple reasons, even though I understand that it is “my story” and not some definitive statement that I know is true.
In philosophical discussions, the task is a search for the truth about things. When we discover a truth, it has value for everyone. So, we discuss it objectively. We seek universal values that can help human life. If we find these to be true in an ultimate sense, then we can teach them to others. That's what Socrates did, and Aristotle and Confucius. Jesus took it farther from philosophical truths to divine teachings from God. But in all these cases, they weren't saying "this is my personal story". Yes, you're free to do that. But as you say, these are not "truths" that you're adhering to, but just your opinion. They cannot be taught to others as truths. But we do have truths about life, the universe and humanity that are not just personal stories. They're solid truths that transcend the individual - they come from God. You use those truths all the time when you try to rationally discuss things with people. The First Principles of Logic are not subjective stories. They are the foundation for reality and for human intelligence. From those first principles, we learn about the universe and about God. With that, saying that the attributes of God are entirely unknown is contradictory.Silver Asiatic
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
08:39 AM
8
08
39
AM
PDT
VL, >> they are things I choose to hold as true for and to me>> This defines opinion, not truth or warrant, you imply or invite the inference that there is no adequate warrant, but as these beliefs are themselves claiming or suggesting that they are true never mind the caveats put up, they fall under self referential incoherence. Opinion is not warranted truth. Is it your second order opinion that these beliefs are warranted or at the least as warranted as any other, if so why. If not, then recognise that what you may opine is a suggestion without grounds, and one that will run into self referential incoherence. >>even though I also realize that they might not actually be true.>> So then, kindly do not insist on making sweeping objective claims as I responded to above. Such claims are manifestly self referential and incoherent. KFkairosfocus
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
08:33 AM
8
08
33
AM
PDT
SA, yes. We did not walk away when quantum and relativity presented us with puzzles. Nor, the transfinite. For that matter, no one can give a precising definition of life. Instead we go by paradigm examples and family resemblance. For evils, post 1945, Hitler's 3rd Reich is a classic case of reference, though Stalin and Mao are comparably bad. Kant gave the Categorical Imperative, which is a good yardstick for identifying principal evils. We can go on to evils that do not arise directly from morally governed responsible freedom of choice and first duties, but from circumstances of a world governed by laws and potential impacts of tectonic events such as the Lisbon 1755 quake vs the Port Royal quake. Oddly, the latter, 1692, was generally seen as judgement on the richest, wickedest city in the world, reducing it to a sleepy fishing village with ruins and a church with a testimony on a grave in the wall. KFkairosfocus
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
08:26 AM
8
08
26
AM
PDT
re 375 to KF. I addressed those points in 373. Our posts probably crossed in the mail, so to speak.Viola Lee
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
08:20 AM
8
08
20
AM
PDT
F/N: As it seems advisable to give context, Plato's Socrates on the Ship of State:
It is not too hard to figure out that our civilisation is in deep trouble and is most likely headed for shipwreck. (And of course, that sort of concern is dismissed as “apocalyptic,” or neurotic pessimism that refuses to pause and smell the roses.) Plato’s Socrates spoke to this sort of situation, long since, in the ship of state parable in The Republic, Bk VI:
>>[Soc.] I perceive, I said, that you are vastly amused at having plunged me into such a hopeless discussion; but now hear the parable, and then you will be still more amused at the meagreness of my imagination: for the manner in which the best men are treated in their own States is so grievous that no single thing on earth is comparable to it; and therefore, if I am to plead their cause, I must have recourse to fiction, and put together a figure made up of many things, like the fabulous unions of goats and stags which are found in pictures. Imagine then a fleet or a ship in which there is a captain [–> often interpreted, ship’s owner] who is taller and stronger than any of the crew, but he is a little deaf and has a similar infirmity in sight, and his knowledge of navigation is not much better. [= The people own the community and in the mass are overwhelmingly strong, but are ill equipped on the whole to guide, guard and lead it] The sailors are quarrelling with one another about the steering – every one is of opinion that he has a right to steer [= selfish ambition to rule and dominate], though he has never learned the art of navigation and cannot tell who taught him or when he learned, and will further assert that it cannot be taught, and they are ready to cut in pieces any one who says the contrary. They throng about the captain, begging and praying him to commit the helm to them [–> kubernetes, steersman, from which both cybernetics and government come in English]; and if at any time they do not prevail, but others are preferred to them, they kill the others or throw them overboard [ = ruthless contest for domination of the community], and having first chained up the noble captain’s senses with drink or some narcotic drug [ = manipulation and befuddlement, cf. the parable of the cave], they mutiny and take possession of the ship and make free with the stores; thus, eating and drinking, they proceed on their voyage in such a manner as might be expected of them [–> Cf here Luke’s subtle case study in Ac 27]. Him who is their partisan and cleverly aids them in their plot for getting the ship out of the captain’s hands into their own whether by force or persuasion [–> Nihilistic will to power on the premise of might and manipulation making ‘right’ ‘truth’ ‘justice’ ‘rights’ etc], they compliment with the name of sailor, pilot, able seaman, and abuse the other sort of man, whom they call a good-for-nothing; but that the true pilot must pay attention to the year and seasons and sky and stars and winds, and whatever else belongs to his art, if he intends to be really qualified for the command of a ship, and that he must and will be the steerer, whether other people like or not-the possibility of this union of authority with the steerer’s art has never seriously entered into their thoughts or been made part of their calling. Now in vessels which are in a state of mutiny and by sailors who are mutineers, how will the true pilot be regarded? Will he not be called by them a prater, a star-gazer, a good-for-nothing? [Ad.] Of course, said Adeimantus. [Soc.] Then you will hardly need, I said, to hear the interpretation of the figure, which describes the true philosopher in his relation to the State [ --> here we see Plato's philosopher-king emerging]; for you understand already. [Ad.] Certainly. [Soc.] Then suppose you now take this parable to the gentleman who is surprised at finding that philosophers have no honour in their cities; explain it to him and try to convince him that their having honour would be far more extraordinary. [Ad.] I will. [Soc.] Say to him, that, in deeming the best votaries of philosophy to be useless to the rest of the world, he is right; but also tell him to attribute their uselessness to the fault of those who will not use them, and not to themselves. The pilot should not humbly beg the sailors to be commanded by him –that is not the order of nature; neither are ‘the wise to go to the doors of the rich’ –the ingenious author of this saying told a lie –but the truth is, that, when a man is ill, whether he be rich or poor, to the physician he must go, and he who wants to be governed, to him who is able to govern. [--> the issue of competence and character as qualifications to rule] The ruler who is good for anything ought not to beg his subjects to be ruled by him [ --> down this road lies the modern solution: a sound, well informed people will seek sound leaders, who will not need to manipulate or bribe or worse, and such a ruler will in turn be checked by the soundness of the people, cf. US DoI, 1776]; although the present governors of mankind are of a different stamp; they may be justly compared to the mutinous sailors, and the true helmsmen to those who are called by them good-for-nothings and star-gazers. [Ad.] Precisely so, he said. [Soc] For these reasons, and among men like these, philosophy, the noblest pursuit of all, is not likely to be much esteemed by those of the opposite faction [--> the sophists, the Demagogues, Alcibiades and co, etc]; not that the greatest and most lasting injury is done to her by her opponents, but by her own professing followers, the same of whom you suppose the accuser to say, that the greater number of them are arrant rogues, and the best are useless; in which opinion I agreed [--> even among the students of the sound state (here, political philosophy and likely history etc.), many are of unsound motivation and intent, so mere education is not enough, character transformation is critical]. [Ad.] Yes. [Soc.] And the reason why the good are useless has now been explained? [Ad.] True. [Soc.] Then shall we proceed to show that the corruption of the majority is also unavoidable [--> implies a need for a corruption-restraining minority providing proverbial salt and light, cf. Ac 27, as well as justifying a governing structure turning on separation of powers, checks and balances], and that this is not to be laid to the charge of philosophy any more than the other? [Ad.] By all means. [Soc.] And let us ask and answer in turn, first going back to the description of the gentle and noble nature.[ -- > note the character issue] Truth, as you will remember, was his leader, whom he followed always and in all things [ --> The spirit of truth as a marker]; failing in this, he was an impostor, and had no part or lot in true philosophy [--> the spirit of truth is a marker, for good or ill] . . . >>
(There is more than an echo of this in Acts 27, a real world case study. [Luke, a physician, was an educated Greek with a taste for subtle references.] This blog post, on soundness in policy, will also help)
KFkairosfocus
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
08:01 AM
8
08
01
AM
PDT
VL, >>every philosophical or religious paradigm is just a subjective human opinion>> self referential and incoherent, as this is just such an opinion or paradigm. >> and the origin and purpose of consciousness is not only unknown but unknowable>> Translated, my preferred worldview cannot answer so I project the same fault to others. KFkairosfocus
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
07:57 AM
7
07
57
AM
PDT
Jerry, pardon, but the very definition of philosophy, is that it is the department of difficult questions, there will therefore be no simplistic answers, though they may be simple in how they are worded. Accordingly, exacting formulation comparable to mathematics, legal agreements and systematic theology will be key. A famous warning, from everybody's favourite fisherman, in his theological will, is:
2 Peter 3:15 And count the patience of our Lord as salvation, just as our beloved brother Paul also wrote to you according to the wisdom given him, 16 as he does in all his letters when he speaks in them of these matters. There are some things in them that are hard to understand, which the ignorant and unstable twist to their own destruction, as they do the other Scriptures. 17 You therefore, beloved, knowing this beforehand, take care that you are not carried away with the error of lawless people and lose your own stability. 18 But grow in the grace and knowledge of our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ. To him be the glory both now and to the day of eternity. Amen.
Yes, some things genuinely are difficult and turn on subtle differences of meaning that can have big consequences. That evil is, classically, privation of the good is simply put, but unpacking it is subtle and not simplistic. And I daresay, this answer has been provided many, many times and unpacked, by several people, but has often been sidelined and treated as though it had not been given. Likewise, the point of Plantinga's argument turns on the difference between a theodicy and a defense, the latter only requiring logical possibility [as opposed to plausibility to an arbitrarily hyperskeptical objector] and coherence to overturn the accusation that there is incoherence in the ethical theistic concept of God. Astonishingly, just now I saw yet another case of someone writing in the literature and making that error. A theodicy aims at plausible truth, establishing a conclusion as to what is the case. A defense in this context, only seeks to overturn claimed incoherence, which then opens up the issue of the implications of God as serious candidate root of reality and self-existent necessary, maximally great, utterly wise and inherently good being. It is in order to note on that sort of issue, and it is appropriate to lay out that an alleged refutation objectively sets up and knocks over a strawman version of the argument. It is further in order to note that too many objectors in and around UD and in other spheres habitually use red herrings led to strawmen soaked in ad hominems, which they set alight to cloud, confuse, poison and polarise the atmosphere for discussion. KF PS, the mutiny on the ship of state has to do with wanting the helm and scheming to get it, while lacking key capability, leading to predictable disaster.kairosfocus
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
07:54 AM
7
07
54
AM
PDT
re 370, to SA: It's someone else's meme. How's this:
When I start thinking about the nature of reality and realize that every philosophical or religious paradigm is just a subjective human opinion and the origin and purpose of consciousness is not only unknown but unknowable, I realize the only proper response to existence is radical humility and surrender to the mystery.
Of course these are, I will own them, my realizations, and they are things I choose to hold as true for and to me, even though I also realize that they might not actually be true. But, as Dylan wrote, "You can't open up your mind, boys, to every conceivable point of view": I have chosen the perspective that seems best to me, for multiple reasons, even though I understand that it is "my story" and not some definitive statement that I know is true.Viola Lee
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
07:54 AM
7
07
54
AM
PDT
Scamp, Why would I need to prove it? I doubt you require proof for a lot of your own positions. Assessing evil requires a moral structure. I'm a Catholic Christian, if that helps you understand where I'm coming from. Andrewasauber
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
07:33 AM
7
07
33
AM
PDT
Scamp
So, what is more evil? Telling a woman that you like her perfume, when you don’t, or killing a child?
We talk about such things frequently here. From a Darwin perspective, you're right. The genocide of an entire race of people, putting them in gas chambers is not more evil than being dishonest about perfume. That's the barbaric nature of materialist atheism in a nutshell.Silver Asiatic
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
07:30 AM
7
07
30
AM
PDT
VL
every philosophical or religious paradigm is just a subjective human opinion and, in truth, the origin and purpose of consciousness is not only unknown but unknowable
Note the phrase in bold. Can you see that what this meme says is incoherent and contradictory?Silver Asiatic
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
07:26 AM
7
07
26
AM
PDT
Andrew: This is just emotionalism. It doesn’t equate at all to how evil something is.
You state this, but can you prove it? For example, KF frequently uses the example of kidnapping, torturing and killing a child for pleasure as an example of evil. He also says that lying is evil. So, what is more evil? Telling a woman that you like her perfume, when you don’t, or killing a child?Scamp
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
07:23 AM
7
07
23
AM
PDT
Speaking of "my story", I ran into a buddhist meme recently that expresses one of my deep feelings:
When I start thinking about the nature of reality and realize that every philosophical or religious paradigm is just a subjective human opinion and, in truth, the origin and purpose of consciousness is not only unknown but unknowable, I realize the only proper response to existence is radical humility and surrender to the mystery.
Viola Lee
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
07:20 AM
7
07
20
AM
PDT
I bowed out of the discussion with Jerry @351 but not on the thread itself.Silver Asiatic
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
07:11 AM
7
07
11
AM
PDT
Andrew @ 364 True. We measure evil against the good that it harms. So, harms against innocence, purity, trust, potential of life - are more serious evils (murdering innocent children) than harm against somebody's non-living property (breaking down their picket fence). Both are evils but are weighed by how much damage they do to what is good. An evil that damages generations of people in the future is greater than others. So, deliberately desecrating something that is held in sacred memory is a serious evil.Silver Asiatic
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
07:10 AM
7
07
10
AM
PDT
KF
consequences of inadequate reasoning on subjects as subtly complex and significant as this.
Thank you and yes, agreed. I note that some of us would just want to discard concepts that they find difficult. But philosophy is a process of dealing with what is there and refining our understanding. We start with absolutes which are the foundation of rationality - building out to explore the more difficult things. It takes patience and careful analysis. Saying something like "it's all unknown" is not accurate. We know a lot. Just because we don't know everything doesn't mean that our true knowledge is wasted. Or saying "we can't define it perfectly so it doesn't exist" is also an unwarranted short-cut. Life is messy. We can't clean it up by just getting rid of all the mysteries we cannot fully solve. That's just destructive to life and our understanding. Instead, we take what we know and keep working on it to improve. God made life this way, so every generation would have the mysteries to solve and at the same time, make progress with knowledge about them. So, we shouldn't get frustrated and just want to kill off philosophical reasoning. As you say, there are serious consequences to doing that sort of thing. Humility towards life and towards God means we stand in awe of life and the universe and we don't demand or claim that we know everything.Silver Asiatic
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
07:03 AM
7
07
03
AM
PDT
"The bigger the gut reaction we get to it, the more “evil” it is." Scamp, This is just emotionalism. It doesn't equate at all to how evil something is. Andrewasauber
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
06:57 AM
6
06
57
AM
PDT
I agree with Jerry that evil, as a unique unambiguous entity, doesn't exist. It is a word we apply to any behaviour or thought that we, as individuals, find to be unacceptable. The bigger the gut reaction we get to it, the more "evil" it is.Scamp
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
06:47 AM
6
06
47
AM
PDT
Q, you write again, "You made a number of assertions about Christianity in context of “cultural myths,” but now you’re complaining that your own beliefs are somehow out of bounds?" And yet I've repeatedly explained that the statements you make (nature causing nature, multiverses, etc.) ARE NOT MY BELIEFS. I'm not saying my beliefs are out of bounds, I'm saying that you aren't correctly ascribing beliefs you think I have to me. I can't comprehend how you don't get that. Also, I have explained repeatedly in past threads that I don't think anyone knows what the metaphysical nature of reality is, so that whatever beliefs I like the most are just speculations: that is, they are also stories. I apply the same standard to my own metaphysical beliefs that I apply to others.Viola Lee
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
05:25 AM
5
05
25
AM
PDT
you have caught one of the ruinous — mutiny on the ship of state — consequences of inadequate reasoning on subjects as subtly complex and significant as this
This is ironic. When one cannot answer simple questions, accuse others of inadequate reasoning or “mutiny on the ship of state.” Then say it is so subtly complex, which implies no one cannot explain it in any way that’s understandable.jerry
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
05:24 AM
5
05
24
AM
PDT
JVL, caught my eye, 189 as inferring lying by omission. To lie is to speak, with disregard to truth, in hope that one profits by what is said or suggested being taken as true. Lying thus simply does not apply in a world where we live under natural laws and forces that give rise to tectonic movements, volcanoes, hurricanes etc. That we fail too often to take responsible precautions is our fault. Similarly, officialdom suppressing and discrediting effective treatments of relatively low cost while promoting vaccines with relatively high adverse event rates [especially affecting the cardiovascular system] is our fault. That a geostrategic vulture takes advantage of a manipulated US election leading to deep polarisation and a regime of clear geostrategic incompetence is our fault. Taking the Christian understanding of God as main focus, what part of it is appointed to man once to die then to give account, or that the last enemy to be destroyed is death, would be a willfully misleading, manipulative falsity? KFkairosfocus
March 15, 2022
March
03
Mar
15
15
2022
03:45 AM
3
03
45
AM
PDT
PS: Note his rough, introductory statement of his defense:
Given these definitions and distinctions, we can make a preliminary statement of the Free Will Defense as follows. A world containing creatures who are significantly free (and freely perform more good than evil actions) is more valuable, an else being equal, than a world contain­ing no free creatures at all. Now God can create free creatures, but He can't cause or determine them to do only what is right. For if He does so, then they aren't significantly free after all; they do not do what is right freely. To create creatures capable of moral good, therefore, He must create creatures capable of moral evil; and He can't give these creatures the freedom to perform evil and at the same time prevent them from doing so. As it turned out, sadly enough, some of the free creatures God created went wrong in the exercise of their freedom; this is the source of moral evil. The fact that free creatures sometimes go wrong, however, counts neither against God's omnipotence nor against His goodness; for He could have forestalled the occurrence of moral evil only by removing the possibility of moral good. I said earlier that the Free Will Defender tries to fi nd a proposition that is consistent with (1) God is omniscient, omnipotent, and wholl y good and together with (l ) entails that there is evil. According to the Free Will Defense, we must find this proposition somewhere in the above story. The heart of the Free Will Defense is the claim that it is possible that God could not have created a universe containing moral good (or as much moral goo d as this world contains) without creating one that also contained moral evil. And if so, then it is possible that God has a good reason for creating a world containing evil.
Here, the point is, logical coherence, which breaks the argument pivoting on implying incoherence in the concept of God similar to that in the concept, square circle. Notice, again, the contrast between the real argument and the strawman set up to be knocked over. Also note that the issues imply the parasitical, and relatively rare, self limiting nature of key evils. For example lying parasites on truthfulness and if it even becomes reasonably common, communication and thriving as a community of social creatures would collapse. This is of course a point in Kant's categorical imperative. KFkairosfocus
March 14, 2022
March
03
Mar
14
14
2022
11:59 PM
11
11
59
PM
PDT
F/N: More from Plantinga, on choice:
some philosophers say that causal determinism and freedom, contrary to what we might have thought, are not really incompatible.13 But if so, then God could have created free creatures who were free, and free to do what is wrong, but nevertheless were causally determined to do only what is right. Thus He could have created creatures who were free to do what was wrong, while nevertheless preventing them from ever performing any wrong actions-simply by seeing to it that they were causally determined to do only what is right. Of course this contradicts the Free Will Defense, according to which there is inconsistency in supposing that God determines free creatures to do only what is right. But is it really possible that all of a person's actions are causally deter­ mined while some of them are free? How could that be so? According to one version of the doctrine in question, to say that George acts freely on a given occasion is to say only this: if George had chosen to do otherwise, he would have done otherwise. Now George's action A is causally determined if some event E-some event beyond his control -has already occurred, where the state of affairs consisting in E's occurrence conjoined with George's refraining from performing A, is a causally impossible state of affairs. Then one can consistently hold both that all of a man's actions are causally determined and that some of them are free in the above sense. For suppose that all of a man's actions are causally determined and that he couldn't, on any occasion, have made any choice or performed any action different from the ones he did make and perform. It could still be true that if he had chosen to do otherwise, he would have done otherwise. Granted, he couldn't have chosen to do otherwise; but this is consistent with saying that if he had, things would have gone differently. This objection to the Free Will Defense seems utterly implausible. One might as well claim that being in jail doesn't really limit one's freedom on the grounds that if one were not in jail, he'd be free to come and go as he pleased. So I shall say no more about this objection here. 14
Compatibilism is, manifestly, deeply problematic. I find it hard to differentiate it from holding that while we perceive ourselves as choosing, in fact given antecedent circumstances independent of ourselves, our actions will be determined by those antecedents. That, to my mind, boils down to reducing mind, reasoning, knowledge etc to grand delusion. Which defeats itself. Including, in arguing for compatibilism. KFkairosfocus
March 14, 2022
March
03
Mar
14
14
2022
11:50 PM
11
11
50
PM
PDT
SA, you have caught one of the ruinous -- mutiny on the ship of state -- consequences of inadequate reasoning on subjects as subtly complex and significant as this. KFkairosfocus
March 14, 2022
March
03
Mar
14
14
2022
10:54 PM
10
10
54
PM
PDT
Jerry, above I gave a longstanding definition in a nutshell of evil, privation etc of the good out of alignment with due end, which end of course is sometimes (but not necessarily) naturally evident. Those whose worldviews preclude ends and/or freedom to make real choice, will have serious problems defining/understanding good and evil. KFkairosfocus
March 14, 2022
March
03
Mar
14
14
2022
10:49 PM
10
10
49
PM
PDT
VL, I excerpted to give a flavour of how Plantinga argues, enough to further demonstrate the strawmannish caricature. What you have above is accurate but skeletal and incomplete. I intend to give more. Omitted, for example, is his elaboration of steps and stages in evolving propositions, there is a reason why he reaches over twenty and has subtypes a, b, c etc. All of that provides nuances that Bradley seems to have missed. For example he takes steps to draw out what possibility/impossibility implies, what pitfalls are there in the idea of eliminating evils in trying to do good and more. He even gives a discussion drawing out possible worlds to maximal degree -- tantamount to alternative realities -- and variants on being a necessary being etc. (My use of PW's is more like world models, a weak form as usual.) And more. KF PS, your summary misses features in the original, stick to Plantinga, you are dealing with things where subtle seemingly insignificant differences of phrasing have potentially watershed import. You will note where he is going from 190, the takes time to get there, drawing out adjustments etc, it is not arbitrary:
2b: “A good, omnipotent God will eliminate evil as far as he can without either losing a greater good or bringing about a greater evil.”
Contrast Bradley's caricature, "He sketches a scenario according to which God did his best to create a world without evil but had his plans thwarted by the freedom-abusing creatures he had created." Loaded and strawmannish. The scenario sketching he derides is material to understanding why things are not as simple as it may superficially seem, and why a great good can include room for evils. I am pretty sure Bradley et al value ability to reason, choose, love [so, be virtuous], those do not come without responsible, rational, morally governed significant freedom. And more.kairosfocus
March 14, 2022
March
03
Mar
14
14
2022
10:44 PM
10
10
44
PM
PDT
1 15 16 17 18 19 29

Leave a Reply