Uncommon Descent Serving The Intelligent Design Community

Silver Asiatic’s Merry-Go-Round

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Over the last ten years in these pages we have seen versions of the following basic progression hundreds of times:

1.  Materialist makes false claim about ID.

2.  ID proponent explodes false claim and asks materialist to acknowledge his error.

3.  Materialist never gives an inch, bobs and weaves, and tries to change the subject.

In this post E.Seigner gives us such a pristine example that I decided to use it as a paradigmatic illustration of the progression.

At 265 E.Seigner trots out a version of the hoary old “ID proponents just think complex things must be designed” error. He writes:

The further problem is that the contrast is not solid, but it’s a point on a continuum, where the point is “a threshold of sufficient complexity”, i.e. the continuum is continuum of complexity, where one end is said to be caused by chance and mechanical necessity and the other end by “design by intelligence”.

At 274 Barry puts up two 12-line groups of text, one random, the other designed.  The random group is more complex than the designed group, and Barry asks:

If the designed group is less complex than the chance group, there must be something other than complexity that allows you to detect design. What do you think that something is?

At 278 Silver Asiatic makes a prediction:

I’m going to guess that [E.Seigner] doesn’t want to answer and therefore learn about ID, but rather play on the little amusement park ride we call the merry-go-round.

At 282 E.Seigner confirms Silver Asiatic’s prediction:

When I am not convinced by your typing some scribble first and then English I’m not being hyperskeptical but as rational as usual. How many of you here can tell from Chinese characters if they mean anything or were typed by a cat?

Notice E.Seigner’s strategy.  Dismiss the question and change the subject.

E.Seigner’s response might be funny if it were not so pathetic. It boils down to “I’m not convinced because I’m so smart. Let’s talk about something else now.”

Tactics like E.Seigner’s make me more and more convinced that ID proponents are onto something. If the materialists had logic and evidence on their side, surely they would employ those against us and launch devastating irrefutable attacks on ID. Instead, I ask them a simple little question and instead of answering it they bob and weave while bragging about how they are being “rational as usual.”

As reader’s know, I enjoy little shorthand handles for typical materialist tactics (“Berra’s Blunder,” Miller’s Mendacity,” etc.). I am trying to come up with a handle for this bobbing and weaving and avoiding simple questions tactic. Silver Asiatic has suggested “Merry-Go-Round.” Other suggestions?

UPDATE:

In all fairness to E.Seigner I should note that after I posted this post, he made the following comment at 297 of the prior post linked above.

@ Barry

I am not a materialist. See the last paragraph of #87. I came here to discuss philosophy and theology, but ID theory is annoyingly in the way.

Let us summarize, E.Seigner made a false claim about the nature of design detection. I refuted that claim and asked E.Seigner a simple follow-up question. E.Seigner evaded that question and tried to change the subject. I called him on his evasion. E.Seigner ends the discussion by pointing out an irrelevancy (“I’m not a materialist”) and continuing to evade and dodge.

UPDATE 2:

At 299 in the post linked above E.Seigner finally answers the question:

We recognize English text because we learned the language.

Of course, this is just another way of saying that we detect the design in the non-random text because it conforms to a specification, i.e., the conventions of the English language.

Note that this is exactly contrary to his first (false) assertion, which was: ID proponents say “it is complex; therefore it must be designed.” ES now admits that he recognizes design in the complex 2nd string of text not merely because it was complex, but because it conformed to a specification.

Now ES was that so hard? Welcome to the ID movement.

Comments
gpuccio
a) Maybe pi is implicit in any sphere, but finding a written sequence of its decimal digits is all another matter.
How is it a different matter? When pi is in any sphere, then how is it not *written* in the sphere, while it is, according to you, *written* in the stones on the beach? gpuccio
While a deterministic cause can be easily invoked for a sphere, the same is not true of the symbolic representation of the computed value of pi. I think that you may appreciate the difference, if you are in one of your reasonable moments.
We are talking about "detecting" the same number in both cases, are we not? So where's the difference? gpuccio
2) We can discuss if “survival of the fittest” can explain the sequence of aminoacids in ATP synthase. Are you ready to make an argument for that? Good luck.
So you refuse to engage the argument implicit in the video but prefer your own pet examples? Good luck indeed. gpuccio
3) If you understood ID theory, you would know that functional complexity excludes the random origin of the sequence, but algorithmic explanations are excluded by other kinds of considerations. The kind of information that we find in language (descriptive information) or in complex machines and software and proteins (prescriptive information) is not algorithmically computable by non design systems. It originates only from conscious cognition.
This is most difficult paragraph to unencode. How does functional complexity exclude the random origin of the sequence? Are you talking about the stones on the beach? What is functionally complex about stones on the beach lying around in a random sequence (which is what pi is - a never-repeating sequence)? What is this talk about language, complex machines, software and proteins not algorithmically computable by non design systems? Why exactly language, complex machines, software and proteins and why should they be algorithmically computed? Why, for what purpose, would "non design systems" have to algorithmically compute those things? Why would "non design systems" algorithmically compute anything? In fact, what are "non design systems"? How do "non design systems" algorithmically compute things and how do you draw conclusions from the results? In short, I don't see how any of your points counts as a mistake of mine. I speak English, not ID-ese, and I will be waiting for the time when you have one of your reasonable moments again.E.Seigner
September 27, 2014
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E. Seigner: You seem more resonable, but you make many errors just the same. Let's see. You say: "Here is not pi, but phi and Fibonacci series in action in nature. Feel free to call it a work of conscious intelligent agent. Someone else however may call this a deterministic pattern, something present in nature because this necessarily yields the best results in terms of “survival of the fittest”" And: "If you see intelligent agency in something as simple as pi (isn’t pi in every circle and sphere? apples are spherical, many natural shapes are approximations or transformations of spheres…), then I can safely conclude that you are prone to overinterpret many analogies." But: a) Maybe pi is implicit in any sphere, but finding a written sequence of its decimal digits is all another matter. I would not infer design for a sphere. I would infer design for a sequence of numbers, written on a beach, which corresponds to the digits of pi. While a deterministic cause can be easily invoked for a sphere, the same is not true of the symbolic representation of the computed value of pi. I think that you may appreciate the difference, if you are in one of your reasonable moments. 2) We can discuss if "survival of the fittest" can explain the sequence of aminoacids in ATP synthase. Are you ready to make an argument for that? Good luck. 3) If you understood ID theory, you would know that functional complexity excludes the random origin of the sequence, but algorithmic explanations are excluded by other kinds of considerations. The kind of information that we find in language (descriptive information) or in complex machines and software and proteins (prescriptive information) is not algorithmically computable by non design systems. It originates only from conscious cognition. However, feel free to remain in your mythical world and be happy of your own arguments. Again, good luck.gpuccio
September 27, 2014
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gpuccio
As I have said many times, meaning is neither in the numbers nor in the context, but only in the consciousness of a cognizer. However, both numbers and context can generate meaning in a consciousness. There is a definite relationship between the subjective experiences of meaning, and the objective contributions of objects and context to those experiences.
Then I actually agree with your theory :) gpuccio
For example, if I find, on the beach, a sequence of stone groups corresponding to the first 1000 decimal figures of pi (it’s a long beach!), I can find in that configuration of stones the meaning of representing pi, the circumference to diameter ratio, which is certainly a very mental and subjective concept. The stones certainly have no awareness of pi. But, if the same stones were arranged in any random configuration, I would never think that they represent pi.
This of course requires one to be mathematically astute, knowledgeable of pi, and to be relentlessly looking for pi's pattern even when walking on the beach. gpuccio
All you evading discussions, in which you avoid addressing my points and make irrelevant and wrong comments on marginal points, cannot change the simple truth: complex functional configurations of matter always originate from conscious intelligent agents.
Here is not pi, but phi and Fibonacci series in action in nature. Feel free to call it a work of conscious intelligent agent. Someone else however may call this a deterministic pattern, something present in nature because this necessarily yields the best results in terms of "survival of the fittest" http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lOIP_Z_-0Hs gpuccio
Ah, and I am always waiting for those “other approximations” that you promised! :)
If you see intelligent agency in something as simple as pi (isn't pi in every circle and sphere? apples are spherical, many natural shapes are approximations or transformations of spheres...), then I can safely conclude that you are prone to overinterpret many analogies.E.Seigner
September 27, 2014
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Querius: I suppose you mean the character 3, as can be found on a sheet of paper on a beach, or directly traced in the sand. I will assume that. If I see a sheet of paper with what appears to be the character 3, I can think that it is the symbol for the concept of the natural number three. That is a meaning. So, the character 3 that I found on the beach is for me a meaningful object, because it points to a meaningful concept, a very abstract concept, a particular natural number. Even more, the symbol for that concept. Is it data? It could be, because it represents a count of potential objects (not a measurement). However, as E. Seigner certainly would object, without further information about what has been counted, the empirical meaning of that particular character cannot be imagined. If on the paper I find "3 cigarettes", then the empirical meaning of the string as data increases. I still don't know which cigarettes have been counted, where and when, but at least I know that the 3 refers to the count of cigarettes. Anyway, both the isolated 3 and the string "3 cigarettes" are potentially information, because I can see in them a meaning. The problem is: are they designed information? Are they functional? Obviously, we cannot say. In the case of the isolated 3, the complexity is really low. That form could be there by chance. I am not sure that someone traced it to mean the symbol of the number 3. For the string "3 cigarettes" I would entertain few doubts, but consistently with a rigorous approach to design detection, I would still consider the functional complexity too low. The string on the paper could still be the random output of a computer program, and not an intentional message. OK, it's not very likely, but... So, as you can see, one thing is to see a meaning or a function in an object, and another thing is to infer design for it. We must always remember that only a very high complexity linked to the function or meaning we observe justifies a design detection independent of context. So, I would not infer design for the sequence 3.14, but I would definitely infer it for the sequence: 3.1415926535 8979323846 2643383279 5028841971 6939937510 5820974944 5923078164 0628620899 Information, in a very strict sense, means a signal exchanged purposefully between conscious agents. In that sense, 3 can certainly be information. If I ask you how many cars do you own, and you answer "3", you are certainly giving me useful and meaningful information. E. Seigner would certainly object that the context here is important, and he would be right. But the fact remains that if you tell me "4", while the correct answer is "3", the information will not be useful to me. So, the number itself is important too. Is an isolated "3" information? It could be. If it was really written by someone on the beach, I can wonder who wrote it and why, and possibly inquire about that. If the "3" was written by the tide, then my design hypothesis is wrong. Again, only the functional complexity of what we observe can guarantee a safe design inference. If I find a whole english sonnet traced in the sand, I will never consider, not even for a moment, that it was generated by the tide. "Does 3 require vocabulary, syntax, and semantics to exist?" Well, the symbol "3", if it is really written by a conscious agent to mean the natural number 3, requires many things to exist: the concept of natural numbers, which, as you probably know, is not the simplest human concept in the world, a specific alphabet which connect the character 3 to that concept, and so on. Not necessarily a whole vocabulary, or syntax, or larger semantics. The concept of the natural number 3 is abstract. It does not require a specific character symbol to exist. "Can 3 be communicated?" Obviously yes, in many ways. "What prevents 3 from being communicated?" Any serious difficulty in communication, like discussing with E. Seigner. :) "What does 3 look like when encrypted?" Anything. It depends on the encryption we use. The concept of the natural number 3, however, remains the same. "Why would anyone want to communicate 3?" Maybe to make a bet at the roulette. Waiting for your further questions! This is fun. :)gpuccio
September 27, 2014
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E. Seigner: As I have said many times, meaning is neither in the numbers nor in the context, but only in the consciousness of a cognizer. However, both numbers and context can generate meaning in a consciousness. There is a definite relationship between the subjective experiences of meaning, and the objective contributions of objects and context to those experiences. For example, if I find, on the beach, a sequence of stone groups corresponding to the first 1000 decimal figures of pi (it's a long beach!), I can find in that configuration of stones the meaning of representing pi, the circumference to diameter ratio, which is certainly a very mental and subjective concept. The stones certainly have no awareness of pi. But, if the same stones were arranged in any random configuration, I would never think that they represent pi. So, my subjective meaning is strongly conditioned by the objective configuration of the stones. Moreover, if the stones really correspond to pi, then I would strongly suspect that someone who knows what pi is has put them that way. So, if I find, on the beach, a sheet of paper with a perfect english sonnet on it, I will infer that someone wrote it, and that it is not a random configuration of molecules. All you evading discussions, in which you avoid addressing my points and make irrelevant and wrong comments on marginal points, cannot change the simple truth: complex functional configurations of matter always originate from conscious intelligent agents. I am still waiting that you leave for me, on a beach, a collection of 1001 strings, about 600 characters long. You should simply hide one english sonnet (of your favourite poet) among 1000 strings generated by a random character generator. I bet that I will immediately recognize the designed sonnet. If you have time, computers and printers, you can try again with 1 + 10^6, or even many more, randomly generated strings. I will always win. Then, come and repeat again that design detection is a wrong theory. Ah, and I am always waiting for those "other approximations" that you promised! :)gpuccio
September 27, 2014
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lol Q. Three is a number, but it's not the loneliest number. One is the loneliest number. When you ask if 3 is data or noise do you mean to ask if 3 is signal or noise, for I do not see any reason data cannot be both data and noise. Yes 3 can can be information. It can happen when it becomes about something. Have you ever considered how often "three-ness" appears in the natural world?Mung
September 27, 2014
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Here are some stupid questions. Is 3 data or noise? What makes it that? Can 3 be information? How does that happen? Does 3 require vocabulary, syntax, and semantics to exist? Can the concept of three-ness exist without 3? Vice versa? Can 3 be communicated? What prevents 3 from being communicated? What does 3 look like when encrypted? Why would anyone want to communicate 3? Maybe I'll figure out some less stupid questions later. ;-) -QQuerius
September 27, 2014
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All, I'm finding this a fascinating discussion about challenging subject! Because I'm admittedly not very familiar with "information" theory, but have some experience in tangential subjects, I'd like to tread lightly so I can explore and learn. However, the scope of the discussion seems to have expanded into a more philosophical realm. My personal intent is to maintain gentle response and generous interpretations to everyone contributing. I don't see any reason to be adament. In dealing with people like Acartia_bogart, who was competitive, combative, disruptive, vituperative, and not interested in learning, I think it's appropriate to deal with them in a different manner. I'm sure not everyone agrees. I do see the opportunity in this discussion for comparing perspectives, difficulties, and insights. So I'm going to try an experiment. -QQuerius
September 27, 2014
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gpuccio
But that is exactly what I meant. If I find numbers in your posts, I find numbers. If I find measurements, I find measurements.
And I hope you see how context does the work of interpretation. When I scribble the numbers down, for me they have a different meaning because I have a different context in my mind. Same numbers for both of us, but a different meaning. Meaning is not just in the numbers, but crucially in the context where the reader places them.E.Seigner
September 27, 2014
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E. Seigner: It's really difficult to communicate with you... "But it’s a misconception that I give you something. I don’t give you anything. You simply see a sequence that I have put down and you’re entirely on your own to interpret it. It’s the same scenario with which newcomers are greeted here: “You see a watch on the beach. Acknowledge that it’s caused by intelligent design!” I’m simply following the routine." But that is exactly what I meant. If I find numbers in your posts, I find numbers. If I find measurements, I find measurements. Are you happier if I say: "If I find numbers in your posts, I find numbers." Instead of: "If you give me numbers, you give me numbers."? Or do you want to leave those numbers for me on the beach?gpuccio
September 27, 2014
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gpuccio
If you give me numbers, you give me numbers. If you give me measurements, you give me measurements. If you don’t know the difference, just admit it.
But it's a misconception that I give you something. I don't give you anything. You simply see a sequence that I have put down and you're entirely on your own to interpret it. It's the same scenario with which newcomers are greeted here: "You see a watch on the beach. Acknowledge that it's caused by intelligent design!" I'm simply following the routine.E.Seigner
September 27, 2014
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ES,
...without inherent power of action and motion.
It is not inert in that sense. It is only inert in the sense I presented it.
UB: Humans do not interpret the meaning of DNA, the translation apparatus within the cell does. To insist that meaning is a phenomenon isolated to human beings is an anthropocentric fallacy that denies observable physical reality. Semiosis exists through the living kingdom. ES: If it is conscious and the translation apparatus is really translating like humans, with corrections and all, then the charge of the anthropocentric fallacy is false. UB: So, just to be clear; if it’s doing exactly what humans do, then it’s not a human-centric fallacy. ES:...where’s the fallacy?
It’s a fallacy because the physical conditions required for the translation of a human-born representation are precisely the same as that for an ant-born representation. And because neither is the product of inexorable law, they are both subject to error, noise, and change.Upright BiPed
September 27, 2014
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E. Seigner: If you give me numbers, you give me numbers. If you give me measurements, you give me measurements. If you don't know the difference, just admit it. I have no problems at all, I just interpret the data you give me as you give me. If you give me the number: 3.14159265359 would you say that it has no meaning? If you give me the numbers: 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144 would you say that they have no meanings? Would you say that the number 3 has no meaning? You know, many people in human history has thought that numbers have great meanings. Numbers are mathematical objects. They are made by our mind. Obviously, numbers in themselves are not measurements, and have no empirical meaning. As you seem to forget, sometimes. You say: "If there’s meaning at all levels, then a mere sequence of numbers should be good enough and your failure to interpret the sequence adequately should not be bad science on my part, but simply a failure at interpretation on your part." Who says that my interpretation is flawed? You gave me a series of numbers, and I interpreted it for what it is: a series of mathematical objects. Meaning, correct meaning. If your purpose is to give me temperatures, please give me temperatures. If your purpose is to give me the temperatures of the last 4 days, please specify what the measurements refer to. In any case, there is a meaning: the meaning conveyed by the data. My interpretation is correct. If your communication is flawed, that is your problem, not mine. You say: "The fact that more is required than a mere sequence of numbers to properly convey what the numbers are about serves precisely to illustrate my point that you were wrong" But that is not a fact at all. Your point is simply wrong. A sequence of numbers is a sequence of numbers. It is not about anything, unless you communicate in the data what it is about. And yet, it has meaning as a sequence of numbers. Obviously. it has not meaning as a sequence of temperatures, unless you correctly communicate temperatures. If in your secret mind you meant to communicate temperatures, but simply communicated numbers, that's your problem, not mine. Your attempt at seeing absolutes in objects are really pitiful. You say: "When there’s obviously not enough meaning in unorganized data without context, then it’s not appropriate to say that there is a lot of meaning in it." There is the meaning that the data convey. Not more, not less. You say: "Either way it was wrong of you to charge me of the anthropocentric fallacy when you yourself insist on viewing cell operations through anthropocentric prism." I charged you of the anthropometric fallacy? Maybe it's my old age, but I cannot remember doing that. I see cell operations through the prism of functionality, which is not necessarily human. Conscious, certainly. You say: "A cell is not a human being and to call its operations “translation” is only an analogous approximation." Well, Google translator is not a human being, so maybe calling it a translator is an analogous approximation. It depends: do you restrict the concept of translation to human translators, or can you accept that algorithms can translate? Luckily, cellular translations are probably better than Google's! You say: "All I’m saying that other approximations may be discovered and modelled, and they may be found more apt." Well, I am interested in those other approximations. I love approximations, Please, notify me when they are discovered. "This is a far cry from saying that translation only applies to human activity." I never said that. I believed you had said that, but maybe I am wrong. I must confess that I have difficulties in following your positions. For me, translation is a complex symbolic procedure which is observed only in conscious beings or in designed machines. That's all.gpuccio
September 27, 2014
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ES,
A cell is not a human being and to call its operations “translation” is only an analogous approximation.
It would be an "analogous approximation" if the two examples didn't share the only physical conditions by which the process can occur - but they do.Upright BiPed
September 27, 2014
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Upright BiPed
in-ert adj. ; chemistry ; not able to affect other chemicals when in contact with them : not chemically reactive Nope. DNA does not act “inertly”. You are confusing yourself.
You are confused about in what sense I used the word. It happened to be in the primary sense, i.e. without inherent power of action and motion. Automatic would have been a better choice though. Upright BiPed
ES: If it is conscious and the translation apparatus is really translating like humans, with corrections and all, then the charge of the anthropocentric fallacy is false.
So, just to be clear; if it’s doing exactly what humans do, then it’s not a human-centric fallacy. Okay. Got it.
When the description is fully applicable, then where's the fallacy? The issue is that it's not fully applicable, and this is precisely what I pointed out. If you got this, then you got it.E.Seigner
September 27, 2014
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ES,
UB: To insist that meaning is a phenomenon isolated to human beings is an anthropocentric fallacy that denies observable physical reality. Semiosis exists through the living kingdom. ES: It’s equally an anthropocentric fallacy to insist that the translation apparatus within the cell really translates something rather than operates inertly.
in-ert adj. ; chemistry ; not able to affect other chemicals when in contact with them : not chemically reactive Nope. DNA does not act “inertly”. You are confusing yourself. The dimensional orientation of a particular codon, which makes it individually recognizable within its system, is inert with regard to thermodynamic law (it exists independent of the minimum total potential energy state of DNA) but it most definitely base-pairs with its complimentary mRNA. It is specifically its physical properties coming into contact with mRNA that determine its complimentary pair.
If it’s not conscious, then to call it “translation apparatus” is an anthropocentric analogy that we humans apply to it.
You are not accounting for the physics of the system. It is a translation apparatus because the functional output product is not derivable from the arrangement of the input medium, while the physicochemical discontinuity between them is preserved.
If it is conscious and the translation apparatus is really translating like humans, with corrections and all, then the charge of the anthropocentric fallacy is false.
So, just to be clear; if it’s doing exactly what humans do, then it’s not a human-centric fallacy. Okay. Got it. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - It’s a fallacy because the physical conditions required for the translation of a human-born representation are precisely the same as that for an ant-born representation. And because neither is the product of inexorable law, they are both subject to error, noise, and change.Upright BiPed
September 27, 2014
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#72 gpuccio Agree. :)Dionisio
September 27, 2014
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gpuccio
By the way, a number is not a measurement. A measurement is made of a number + the measurement unit.
But when I know what I'm measuring, I can scribble down just the numbers one after the other. It's the context that does the interpretation of the data. I know the context, so I don't need to put it down for myself. You don't know the context, so of course you would require more context laid out for you on the same paper, but this is only your problem, not mine. gpuccio
There is meaning at all levels. In your attempt to make philosophy, you only make bad science.
If there's meaning at all levels, then a mere sequence of numbers should be good enough and your failure to interpret the sequence adequately should not be bad science on my part, but simply a failure at interpretation on your part. The fact that more is required than a mere sequence of numbers to properly convey what the numbers are about serves precisely to illustrate my point that you were wrong when you said "Data represent values for variables. There is a lot of meaning in that." When there's obviously not enough meaning in unorganized data without context, then it's not appropriate to say that there is a lot of meaning in it. gpuccio
The translation apparatus within the cell really translates something in the same sense as a computer program like Excel really can male computations. If you prefer to say that both operate inertly, I can agree in the sense that neither is conscious (is that what you mean by “inert”?). But both perform logical and symbolic operations which require extreme complexity of structure.
Either way it was wrong of you to charge me of the anthropocentric fallacy when you yourself insist on viewing cell operations through anthropocentric prism. A cell is not a human being and to call its operations "translation" is only an analogous approximation. All I'm saying that other approximations may be discovered and modelled, and they may be found more apt. This is a far cry from saying that translation only applies to human activity.E.Seigner
September 27, 2014
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With Denyse's suggestion that ES might be suffering from narcissistic-personality disorder, and what looks in the context to be the slightly mollifying blandishment by Barry, quoted at the end of this post, poor old ES has sure taken a caning in this thread. However, mercifully ES sees it as a bargain for the celebrity. Didn't I tell you how coveted an entree to this board was for materialists. But still and all... 'As I think about it, a more charitable interpretation of E.Seigner’s response is that he is just plain stupid and presented his Chinese cat response in all sincerity, mistakenly believing it even remotely addressed, far less responded to, the issues raised in the question. I say “more charitable” because it would be more charitable to assume he is stupid rather than dishonest or cowardly. But I’m not feeling especially charitable today. Sorry.' R D Fish! Stand and be recognised!Axel
September 27, 2014
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E. Seigner: The translation apparatus within the cell really translates something in the same sense as a computer program like Excel really can male computations. If you prefer to say that both operate inertly, I can agree in the sense that neither is conscious (is that what you mean by "inert"?). But both perform logical and symbolic operations which require extreme complexity of structure. How is that possible? It's easy. Both are designed to do that.gpuccio
September 27, 2014
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E. Seigner: DNA stores information about the AA sequence of a protein (in protein coding genes). That information is stored by a symbolic code (the genetic code) which is a mapping of a nucleotide sequence into an AA sequence. The conversion between the two sets of information happens through a very complex and sophisticated machine, which includes mRNA, tRNAs, 20 aminoacyl tRNA synthetases, the ribosome, and so on. All of that has sense only because a definite symbolic code is instantiated, independently, in the various parts of the machine. This is a very meaningful material configuration, IMO. And it can implement a very sophisticated function: the synthesis of specific functional proteins and the transmission of the information about their sequence.gpuccio
September 27, 2014
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E Seigner: '
It’s equally an anthropocentric fallacy to insist that the translation apparatus within the cell really translates something rather than operates inertly.
Talk about the inability to face reality- translation within the cell is real and only a complete fool on an agenda would say otherwise.Joe
September 27, 2014
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E. Seigner: "13 14 10 9" is simply a series of numbers, not of measurements. It has a definite meaning, as a series of numbers, a collection of items in the abstract set of natural numbers. Again from Wikipedia: "A number is a mathematical object used to count, label, and measure. In mathematics, the definition of number has been extended over the years to include such numbers as 0, negative numbers, rational numbers, irrational numbers, real numbers, and complex numbers." So, that series has a definite meaning, but it is not an empirical meaning, because we are dealing with abstract mathematical objects, and not with measurements. "13°C, 14°C, 10°C, 9°C", instead, is a collection of temperature measurements, with the number and the measurement unit. Even if we don't know what they refer to, we have a lot of meaningful information just the same about 4 empirical measurements of a definite dimension (temperature). So, while in the first case there was only mathematical meaning, here we have empirical meaning too. By the way, a number is not a measurement. A measurement is made of a number + the measurement unit. When you say, for context, that these are the temperatures here for the last four days, we have further meaning added. There is meaning at all levels. In your attempt to make philosophy, you only make bad science.gpuccio
September 27, 2014
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gpuccio
You quote, yourself: ““Data as an abstract concept can be viewed as the lowest level of abstraction, from which information and then knowledge are derived.” So data, information, and knowledge are distinct concepts.” So, they are different levels of abstraction. Different levels of meaning. Data represent values for variables. There is a lot of meaning in that.
What is the meaning of this?: 13 14 10 9 How about now?: 13°C, 14°C, 10°C, 9°C The first row is the results of measurements. The second includes measurement units so you can begin to make sense what it is. And when I say for context that these are the temperatures here for the last four days, then the sequence finally has some actual meaning too. The first row, even though it's data that represents values for variables, has hardly any meaning to it. It could be anything. Upright BiPed
ES:DNA is called code, not meaning.
Meaning is the symbolic value, or significance, of a thing. A code is a system of rules to convey information through symbolic representation. Representations are things, which convey symbolic value (meaning) within a system.
Right, except that it's arguable if DNA conveys representations (representations of what? of data, I suppose) or the actual data. Upright BiPed
Humans do not interpret the meaning of DNA, the translation apparatus within the cell does. To insist that meaning is a phenomenon isolated to human beings is an anthropocentric fallacy that denies observable physical reality. Semiosis exists through the living kingdom.
It's equally an anthropocentric fallacy to insist that the translation apparatus within the cell really translates something rather than operates inertly. If it's not conscious, then to call it "translation apparatus" is an anthropocentric analogy that we humans apply to it. If it is conscious and the translation apparatus is really translating like humans, with corrections and all, then the charge of the anthropocentric fallacy is false. Either way I don't see how "meaning" can apply in this context, when the purpose of the whole system is to convey without losses. There may be encoding and unencoding going on, but it's not the same thing as interpretation of meaning. It's mere packaging of data.E.Seigner
September 27, 2014
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ES,
DNA is called code, not meaning.
Meaning is the symbolic value, or significance, of a thing. A code is a system of rules to convey information through symbolic representation. Representations are things, which convey symbolic value (meaning) within a system.
Meaning has contextual preconditions that have a non-physical dimension.
Yes, but the conveyance of meaning requires physical conditions that are coherently understood and materially identifiable within a system.
To recognize a meaning, one must be equipped with complete grammar – alphabet, vocabulary, syntax, and semantics...
Correct (without the unnecessary anthropocentric flair). To translate the symbolic value of a representation into a physical effect requires systematic rules that are not derivable from the material that makes up the system.
DNA does not require meaning.
DNA (like any other instance of information) conveys meaning through a system of representations and protocols. - - A representation is an arrangement of matter that can evoke a functional effect within a system, where the arrangement of the medium and the effect it evokes are physicochemically arbitrary. - - A protocol is an arrangement of matter that establishes the otherwise nonexistent relationship between the arrangement of a representation and its post translation effect. In DNA, the representation is the dimensional arrangement of nucleic acids within a codon, and the protocol is the protein aaRS. The aaRS establishes the symbolic value (meaning) of the codon in spatial and temporal isolation (prior to the tRNA even entering the ribosome) thereby preserving the physical discontinuity between the arrangement of the medium and its post-translation effect. The preservation of the discontinuity is a physical necessity because (as you seem to already understand) the symbolic value of a representation is not derivable from the physical properties of the medium. It is only derivable from the context of a system. The discontinuity allows the arrangement of the representation to specify the effect.
To attribute meaning to it is another layer of interpretation.
Humans do not interpret the meaning of DNA, the translation apparatus within the cell does. To insist that meaning is a phenomenon isolated to human beings is an anthropocentric fallacy that denies observable physical reality. Semiosis exists through the living kingdom. The one form of semiosis that seems to be limited to higher intelligence (human capacity) is the storage of information by the use of iterative dimensional representations. There are two distinct categories of semiotic systems. One category uses physical representations that are reducible to their material make-up (such as a pheromone for instance); the other uses physical representations that have a dimensional orientation and are not reducible to their material make-up. The dimensional orientation of such representations are entirely independent of the thermodynamic properties of the medium, thereby enabling the representations to be transferable between mediums, which facilitates efficient long-term memory. Such systems can also encode virtually any amount of information of any type - subject only to the existence of protocols to actualize them. However, dimensional semiosis also places significant additional demands on the organization of the system. Such systems not only require the same transfer protocols as any other semiotic system, but they also require an entirely independent set of systematic protocols to establish the dimensional operation of the system itself. These additional protocols include such things as where to start reading along a sequence of representations; in what direction are the representations to be read, how many objects constitute a complete representation, and when to stop reading in order to produce a functional effect. Dimensional semiosis is only found in recorded language, mathematics, and in the genetic code - which, in part, represents the observable evidence of design that you imply doesn't exist.Upright BiPed
September 27, 2014
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E. Seigner: Is that just a joke? I call facts facts and data data, That is not a theory. It's just a good use of language. A measurement is definitely a meaning. Wikipedia again: "Measurement (from Old French, mesurement) is the assignment of numbers to objects or events.[1] It is a cornerstone of most natural sciences, technology, economics, and quantitative research in other social sciences. Any measurement of an object can be judged by the following meta-measurement criteria values: level of measurement (which includes magnitude), dimensions (units), and uncertainty. They enable comparisons to be done between different measurements and reduce confusion. Even in cases of clear qualitative similarity or difference, increased precision through quantitative measurement is often preferred in order to aid in replication. For example, different colours may be operationalized based either on wavelengths of light or (qualitative) terms such as "green" and "blue" which are often interpreted differently by different people. The science of measurement is called metrology." A measurement is the meaningful result of a procedure. It uses such refined concepts as "number", "dimension", and so on. You quote, yourself: "“Data as an abstract concept can be viewed as the lowest level of abstraction, from which information and then knowledge are derived.” So data, information, and knowledge are distinct concepts." So, they are different levels of abstraction. Different levels of meaning. Data represent values for variables. There is a lot of meaning in that. Even if meaning can come at different levels, it is meaning just the same. There is no code is no one understands it as a code. A code is a mapping, and that is a refined human concept. You may think that DNA acting as it does is simply a fact. In that case, you will not see any code in that. Most people see the DNA code as a code, that is a mapping of information from one state to another. The problem of how that mapping originated is all another story, it refers to the problem of design inference for complex functional configurations. But, independently from the problem of its origin, when we see DNA as code, as a mapping, we are recognizing in it a meaning. A functional meaning. Exactly as we do when we see an enzyme as a biological machine which accelerates reactions. Now, in your very imaginary world, all those things can be meaningless. Your choice. In science, and especially in biological science, we see meanings and functions everywhere. Look at Uniprot, for example, at the voice "function" for individual proteins. You say: "Science is about organizing and interpreting data." Science is about many things, but its main purpose is to understand. "Interpreting" data simply means understanding what they mean. Science is about observing facts, and inferring general laws and models from them. Laws and models are meanings, they are subjective creations with objective (shareable) value. Science organizes facts into data, tries to explain data through theories, tests theories through data and facts. It is a very abstracted, meaningful activity of consciousness, which uses facts as raw material and mental experiences as structuring tools. IOWs. science is about meaning.gpuccio
September 27, 2014
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gpuccio
Let’s say it’s my theory. I am not interested in hiding behind theories of others. I just say what I think. Data are data only if a conscious agent recognizes them as information about something. Otherwise, they are simply facts. In that sense, everything that exists would be data.
So you hate facts and you prefer data. Interesting theory. I agree with the Wikipedia definition that data is typically results of measurements. And results of measurements are by themselves meaningless. It takes context or formal organization to derive any meaning from them. This is expressed in the sentence: "Data as an abstract concept can be viewed as the lowest level of abstraction, from which information and then knowledge are derived." So data, information, and knowledge are distinct concepts. gpuccio
Our understanding of DNA as a code is a meaning.
Can be interpreted this way, yes, but it's the meaning we attribute to it. gpuccio
Science is about meaning.
Science is about organizing and interpreting data.E.Seigner
September 27, 2014
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E. Seigner: Our understanding of DNA as a code is a meaning. Science is about meaning. And so on. Any map of reality, of whatever kind, is based on meaning, and happens only in consciousness.gpuccio
September 27, 2014
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E. Seigner: Now you know. Let's say it's my theory. I am not interested in hiding behind theories of others. I just say what I think. Data are data only if a conscious agent recognizes them as information about something. Otherwise, they are simply facts. In that sense, everything that exists would be data. However, in case you wonder if other people share my point of view, here is a simple definition from Wikipedia: "Data (/?de?t?/ day-t?, /?dæt?/ da-t?, or /?d??t?/ dah-t?)[1] is a set of values of qualitative or quantitative variables; restated, pieces of data are individual pieces of information. Data in computing (or data processing) is represented in a structure that is often tabular (represented by rows and columns), a tree (a set of nodes with parent-children relationship), or a graph (a set of connected nodes). Data is typically the result of measurements and can be visualized using graphs or images. Data as an abstract concept can be viewed as the lowest level of abstraction, from which information and then knowledge are derived."gpuccio
September 27, 2014
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gpuccio
Data are a form of meaning.
Under what kind of theory? None that I know of.E.Seigner
September 27, 2014
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