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The Argument from Evil is Absurd

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Jerry and I are having a constructive exchange on the problem of evil.  My argument starts when Jerry asks me to define “good.”

Jerry, the issue is not how one would define “good” in any particular situation.  The issue is whether it is possible to define good in a way that is not grounded in subjective preferences.  The only way to do that is if there is some objective standard of good.  Such an objective standard would necessarily stand over and above all men’s subjective preferences.  The character of God is advanced as the source of that objective standard. 

The argument goes like this:

The good is that which is consistent with the objective transcendent standard grounded in the character of God.

Evil is the privation of the good.

Evil exists. 

Therefore, the good, of which evil is the privation, also exists.

Therefore, an objective transcendent standard grounded in the character of God exists.

Therefore, God exists. 

Thus, as Vivid has noted, the existence of evil – if the word “evil” means anything other than “that which I do not subjectively prefer” — is powerful evidence for the existence of God.

This all boils down this: Objective evil exists only if objective good exists. Objective good exits only if God exists. Objective evil exists. Therefore, God exists.

Now this does not necessarily mean that evil in the objective sense (i.e., the privation of the transcendent standard grounded in God’s character) exists.  It may be that “evil” means nothing except “that which I do not subjectively prefer.”  And if evil in the objective sense does not exist, the argument for the existence of God from the existence of evil (which implies the existence of objective good) never gets off the ground.

BUT, the atheist argument from evil never gets off the ground either. This should be plain from the my other post to which you have already alluded. 

If you use your definition and not use the word evil but the phrase,. “privation of the good” then you will end up with nonsensical arguments.

False.  One may agree or disagree with the argument I set forth above.  It is not nonsensical. 

But they [i.e., atheists] think their version of evil does exists and will point to examples.

It is certainly correct that all sane people, including atheists, understand that evil exists.  That is why I am constantly saying that no sane person lives their life as if materialism is true. 

So the standoff is to use logic to show that their definition is meaningless in the context of what the Christian God promise. That is what I am doing.

The challenge is to show that the atheist’s definition of evil is incoherent in any context.  And I have done that in the prior post.

I doubt your definition, which come from Augustine, will win many converts because it does not sync with the typical atheist’s use of the term. 

I advance arguments.  The arguments stand or fall based on whether they are grounded in logic and evidence.  A sound argument is sound regardless of whether it results in “converts.” 

Yes, my definition of evil does not sync with the typical atheist’s use of the term.  My project is to point out that when the typical atheist uses the term, they invariably do so in a way that is incoherent.  By this I mean that they invariably argue that God, if he exists, has “done evil thing X” or “allowed evil thing X to happen,” and since God would not do that, God does not exist.  The problem is that for the argument to work, “evil thing X” must actually be objectively evil.  And for the atheist “evil thing X” means “that which the atheist does not subjectively prefer.”  And it is incoherent to argue “God does not exist because he does not arrange affairs in a way I subjectively prefer.” 

The theodicy argument breaks down because [atheist’s] version of evil is meaningless.

If by the “theodicy argument” you mean “the argument from evil,” we agree.

 But I doubt atheists would accept your definition of evil.

Of course, their premises preclude them from accepting my definition.

So how can you claim that their argument is incoherent based on it.

Perhaps “incoherent” is the wrong word.  Absurd is probably better.  To argue that God does not exist on the ground that he does not arrange affairs in a way I subjectively prefer is not incoherent.  All one has to do is advance the following syllogism:

Major Premise:  If God exists, he would prevent evil (defined as “that which I do not subjectively prefer) from happening.

Minor Premise: Things that I do not subjectively prefer happen all the time.

Conclusion:  Therefore, God does not exist.

The argument is not incoherent.  Rather, it is based on an absurd major premise. 

Do you have evidence that atheists use your definition?

You raise an interesting point.  When they argue from the problem of evil, atheists implicitly use my (i.e., Augustine’s) definition of evil.  Otherwise, as anyone who thinks about it for two seconds can see, the argument is absurd (see the absurd syllogism above).  What does this mean?  It means that atheists cannot adhere consistently to their own premises.  And that is not surprising (no sane person . . .).  Instead, as is often the case, they reject the existence of objective evil while smuggling that very thing in through the back door when they argue from the “problem of evil.”

Comments
Not sure it’s a great idea to continue to try and deny it
What am I denying? Kf just agreed with me. He wants to use the word “evil” but I have pointed out what he means by the word. He essentially means undesired events and they range from dropping your fork to the killing of millions or his often used example, the torturing of a little child. We can all try to rank these unwanted events. There would be a fair amount of consistency. Again, you have no clue what I am saying. I am showing the fallacious reasoning in the argument against there being a God because there is evil. That is all this is about and so far everyone is against trying to do that with specious reasons. I find it ironic that everyone objecting is playing into the hand of the atheists.jerry
March 16, 2022
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Sorry Jerry, God has provided a structure by which evil can be perceived and evaluated. Not sure it's a great idea to continue to try and deny it. Andrewasauber
March 16, 2022
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Kf, Thank you! You just supported everything I have been saying for years. But you don’t know it. You just want to use the word “evil” for unwanted events. Or you could replace it with bad things. Or Barry’s sarcastic “icky things.”
showing that there are priorities of value and clashes that force choices that are morally freighted and lead to the issue of lesser unwanted events; which are not transmuted into desired events, they still have damaging consequences that need to be managed. There are natural as well as moral unwanted events. Unwanted events can be identified through examples and we can evaluate the common thread, leading towards concept. Unwanted events are not meaningless and points to the desired events it frustrates, perverts or diverts etc
Or
showing that there are priorities of value and clashes that force choices that are morally freighted and lead to the issue of lesser icky things; which are not transmuted into better things, they still have damaging consequences that need to be managed. There are natural as well as moral icky things. Icky things can be identified through examples and we can evaluate the common thread, leading towards concept. Icky things is not meaningless and points to the better things it frustrates, perverts or diverts etc
All you said in your desire to show you are right and I am wrong is prove I am right. Again, thank you. PS - the use of the surgeon dropping a scalpel was a great way to illustrate my example of dropping a fork is evil according to your understanding. See how simple it can be to make a point. It doesn’t take 2,000 words. Better English
showing that there are priorities of value and clashes that force choices that are morally laden and lead to the issue of lesser but still undesired happenings; which are still not desired happenings, they still have damaging consequences that need to be managed. There are natural as well as moral undesired events. These undesired events can be identified through examples and we can evaluate the common thread, leading towards a better understanding. Unwanted events are not meaningless. They point to the more desired events that are frustrated, perverted or diverted etc
Still a little awkward.jerry
March 16, 2022
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Jerry, there is also June 7, 1692 OS on which date the richest, wickedest city in the world was suddenly destroyed by earthquake. A quake, viewed as divine judgement on the Buccaneers and enablers in their nest, Port Royal. We live in a tectonic world and may be ignorant or negligent about hazards. We often cut corners to squeeze profits. Disasters happen. BTW, a surgeon who drops an instrument, rightly, will not stoop to pick it back up but will expect another to do so [and set it aside], showing that there are priorities of value and clashes that force choices that are morally freighted and lead to the issue of lesser evils; which are not transmuted into goods, they still have damaging consequences that need to be managed. There are natural as well as moral evils. Evils can be identified through examples and we can evaluate the common thread, leading towards concept. Evil is not meaningless and points to the good it frustrates, perverts or diverts etc. KFkairosfocus
March 15, 2022
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Main points from my understanding of evil: Evil is harm. Harm is defined as deviation from purpose, where things and creatures have purpose(s). Only God knows 100% what our purposes are, and hence whether we are deviating from them. We can have a good idea, but we can never be perfectly certain. So God is ultimately the definer of what evil is. By our finiteness, we cannot have a perfect definition of it. All sin is evil, but not all evil is sin. (I.e., evil is a superset of sin). A person can harm another without necessarily sinning. We know that evil exists because God states that it does, and describes many things as evil. It would seem to be a continuum, where the amount of harm/deviation from purpose would determine how evil something was.EDTA
March 15, 2022
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Jerry “Aside2: the crucial date in history is November 1, 1755. This is the day of the Lisbon earthquake where tens of thousand were killed including many who were in Church that day because it was All Saints Day. “ Yes Voltaires Candide and the infamous Dr Pangloss . Vividvividbleau
March 15, 2022
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To be clear so we won’t talk past each other I am defining moral evil and moral evil requires intent
Ok. Natural evil is at the core of the Theodicy issue - why? Because natural evil is on God, he allows it so its God's fault. But both types of issue are subject to the same analysis. Dropping a fork and leaving it there for someone else to pick up is both moral and natural evil. Dropping it is not by intention but it causes minor problems. Leaving there is intentional and causes unnecessary discomfort on another even though it is small. So both are minor. It is possible to rank various things that are natural and moral by the severity of their effect. There may not be 100% agreement but the trend will be fairly similar from individual to individual. But there is a maximum and it is finite. So for either one, whatever it is, the effect is finite even it it causes a horrendous death. Everything I have said is obviously true. The interesting thing is why the fight why the nitpicking. And why the personal objections. Aside: no where have I argued against sin, that it doesn't exist or doesn't cause harm to oneself and to others. It has nothing to do with this discussion. Aside2: the crucial date in history is November 1, 1755. This is the day of the Lisbon earthquake where tens of thousand were killed including many who were in Church that day because it was All Saints Day. Here is a photo of that church. It is a beautiful ruin but notice the roof that isn't there which fell on. the worshipers. https://www.americangeosciences.org/static/earth/benchmarks-november-1-1755-earthquake-destroys-lisbon/group_CarmoChurchRuins2_TrevorHuxham_CCBYNCND20.jpg https://www.earthmagazine.org/article/benchmarks-november-1-1755-earthquake-destroys-lisbon/ After this day, the thinking on God changes dramatically. How could God allow for such destruction on a holy day? So many began their disbelief in God that day. https://theconversation.com/is-god-good-in-the-shadow-of-mass-disaster-great-minds-have-argued-the-toss-137078 Aside3: Lisbon is my second favorite city in Europe after Barcelona. I highly recommend it to those planning on trips to Europe in the future.jerry
March 15, 2022
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Jerry “To be clear so we won’t talk past each other I am defining moral evil and moral evil requires intent.” The Bible describes sin, which in the eyes of God is evil as ungodliness, unrighteousness, any act not in conformity to Gods law or character etc Vividvividbleau
March 15, 2022
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Jerry “You avoided the question. Why?” Now who is questioning one’s motives? To avoid your question would be deceptive on my part. Is deception on my part a good thing? “It’s got dirty -that not good – then evil” You started out with “dropping a fork” now not only did you drop a fork but the fork got dirty, you had to bend over etc. so the fork got dirty so what get another fork. And no you did not need to bend over you could have left it wherever it fell. To be clear so we won’t talk past each other I am defining moral evil and moral evil requires intent. “But yet avowed Christians act as if it’s shall I say evil” Why did Christ have to die for the non evil acts of individuals? Vividvividbleau
March 15, 2022
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Explain why it’s not good?
You avoided the question. Why? It’s not the Good or God. - then evil It’s got dirty -that not good - then evil I had to lean down to pick it up - that’s not good - then evil Also what does the word “good” mean?
I defined it , that you don’t like my definition or you see problems with it is a different matter
It leads nowhere because you cannot point to something and say whether it’s evil or not. For example, you would not make a judgment about the fork. Why? Dropping the fork is a very minor inconvenience. But it is definitely something not desired or else the world would be dropping forks constantly. The interesting question now becomes why no one will answer the question or a similar question. Do they immediately see the implications of what their answer would be? The dropping of a fork is a minor negative for people. Having a terminal and painful brain tumor is a major negative. People would have no trouble saying the brain tumor is evil. But why not the fork incident or stubbing a toe, or a failure to get out of one’s way as they come through a doorway? Why no answer? The ironic thing is the answer gets rid of one of most frequent reasons people use for not believing in the Christian God. But yet avowed Christians act as if it’s shall I say “evil.”jerry
March 15, 2022
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Vividbleau Evil is whatever is not good.
Evil is related EXCLUSIVELY to immorality . Everything else can be categorized as tragedies or unpleasant but not evil.Lieutenant Commander Data
March 15, 2022
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Jerry “So dropping my fork is evil. Explain why it is not evil.” Explain why it’s not good? “The thing I find most interesting is not that anyone cannot define evil,” Not so , I defined it , that you don’t like my definition or you see problems with it is a different matter. Vividvividbleau
March 15, 2022
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Evil is whatever is not good.
That's everything in the world. So dropping my fork is evil. Explain why it is not evil. Again, I recognize that this is a silly example but it is made to make a point that extremely trivial things are evil under the definition above and offered by others. I appreciate that you are answering in good faith. I have been down this same path before several times here and it always ends up in the same place. No explanation of what evil is. The thing I find most interesting is not that anyone cannot define evil, it is that they come after me personally with absurdities and misrepresentations and refuse to deal with what I am saying. If I am wrong it should be easy to dismiss what I am saying through evidence and logic.jerry
March 15, 2022
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Jerry “Aren’t people embarrassed that they cannot provide a definition they can defend?” Evil is whatever is not good. “I may watch at some time but why not summarize what is in it so all can understand.” The first 15 minutes is relevant to your question but here is a quick down and dirty. Evil is not, evil is no thing, evil is nothing but it is an action of something that is a thing, an activity of some being and cannot be defined without the backdrop of good. Evil is whatever is not good.. Vividvividbleau
March 15, 2022
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The jig is up
Define "jig." Define "up." Or as Bill Clinton said define "is." And don't forget "the." Define "define." Does anyone here realize that inane irrelevant replies provides credence to my argument?jerry
March 15, 2022
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Jerry Do you want me to define “unwanted” or “icky” too?
:lol: The jig is up.Lieutenant Commander Data
March 15, 2022
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You’re talking in circles, really.
No I am not. If you want to use the word "evil" for "bad" or "unwanted" events. Be my guest. (By the way the title of a great song) That will be ok with me. It completely changes the texture of the discussion. We are then in an entirely different discussion. When the word "evil" is equated with "unwanted" or "bad" then the focus is on the events. That is where I want the focus to be. Because if it is, then the whole argument against God because of evil falls apart. Let's reframe the argument against God to be
Because there are unwanted events in our world, it means that God cannot exist. A God that allowed unwanted events is not omni-benevolent. Therefore the Christian God does not exist.
The whole argument gets absurd. But because we allowed an undefined word, "evil" to be used the argument seems to have merit. But it doesn't, the argument is still absurd.jerry
March 15, 2022
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Jerry
So take your pick – bad, unwanted events, icky stuff, or evil.
Ok, I'll try. You said:
There is no evil. Yes, there are bad things but all are trivial.
According to you, "there is no evil, but there are bad things". Then you say " So take your pick – bad, unwanted events, icky stuff, or evil. " So, "there is no evil, but there are bad things, and take your pick, bad ... evil, I'll use them in my definitions." Got it. There's no evil. But there's "bad". And "bad" is a word for "evil". You're talking in circles, really.Silver Asiatic
March 15, 2022
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The gotcha is that you exchanged the word “bad” for “evil” and you won’t define “bad”
But I did define it. Actually on a thread a couple years ago the phrase "icky stuff" was used but Barry said he used that phrase in sarcasm. So take your pick - bad, unwanted events, icky stuff, or evil. Explain the difference. Do you want me to define "unwanted" or "icky" too? You desperately want a gotcha too. And you never deal with the underlying issue. As I said these are all interesting responses.jerry
March 15, 2022
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Jerry, "Talk to some cosmologists." LOL. I'm sure you have some names ready for me to reach out to. Andrewasauber
March 15, 2022
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Jerry
I use the term “unwanted” for “bad.” For some “unwanted” could be a horrible death, for others it could be having freckles or just dropping one’s fork.
So "everything is bad" and therefore the word is useless according to your own standard. The word "bad" can mean "evil" so you're using the same word that you're claiming cannot be defined.
Everybody desperately wants a gotcha because they use the word without thinking.
The gotcha is that you exchanged the word "bad" for "evil" and you won't define "bad".Silver Asiatic
March 15, 2022
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We don’t know what matter or space are.
OMG! Talk to some cosmologists.jerry
March 15, 2022
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"all existing matter and space considered as a whole" Jerry, We don't know what matter or space are. Andrewasauber
March 15, 2022
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It has everything to do with the discussion.
No, it doesn't. Again an interesting response. You are like everyone else that continues to avoid anything I say and brings in extraneous issues. Want a working definition of the universe, go to a dictionary. I will accept this for example,
noun (the universe) all existing matter and space considered as a whole; the cosmos. The universe is believed to be at least 10 billion light years in diameter and contains a vast number of galaxies; it has been expanding since its creation in the Big Bang about 13 billion years ago.
If you want to use a definition of evil from a dictionary, we can go from there. I have been through this before several times and it ends up nowhere. By the way it isn't only "evil" that suffers from a definition problem, "evolution ," "life," and "species" also has definitional problems.jerry
March 15, 2022
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Please define the word “bad” that you used in the previous statement.
I use the term "unwanted" for "bad." For some "unwanted" could be a horrible death, for others it could be having freckles or just dropping one's fork.
Saying “there is no evil” as you have done goes against the work of philosophy and Christian theology.
But yet you refuse to deal with anything specific I say. I have written probably 500+ comments on this topic in the last 15 years. No one has argued that I have been inconsistent. Everybody desperately wants a gotcha because they use the word without thinking.jerry
March 15, 2022
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Jerry
Is there a gradation line of unwanted events such that those on one side are evil and those on the other are not?
There are degrees of perfection. That's classic theistic philosophy. When we work through philosophical concepts we shouldn't oversimplify just to throw away the problems that we encounter. We have to make distinctions and then refinements. Saying "there is no evil" as you have done goes against the work of philosophy and Christian theology. Jesus Himself used the term "evil" many times. We would have to believe that He is wrong but you're right?Silver Asiatic
March 15, 2022
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Jerry
There is no evil. Yes, there are bad things but all are trivial.
You're just substituting the term "bad things" for "evil". You claim you can't define what evil is (and it doesn't exist) but then you say that "bad things" exist.
But in order to understand a concept, one first has to define it.
Please define the word "bad" that you used in the previous statement.Silver Asiatic
March 15, 2022
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Jerry, "It has nothing to do with the discussion." It has everything to do with the discussion. You don't like the definitions you see for evil, but anything goes for universe and it's ok to use. I'm just saying that I think your demand for a definition of evil that you like enough is a little unreasonable. Andrewasauber
March 15, 2022
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Looks to me like you think a universe could be anything. Definitionally, that’s pretty absurd.
Interesting comment! Why make it? It has nothing to do with the discussion. Especially since I did not say anything close to what you implied. If you want to say the universe has no definition go right ahead. I will not argue with you.jerry
March 15, 2022
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"Just a single particle is an example or any collection of particles is another example. The universe is a collection of things." Jerry, Looks to me like you think a universe could be anything. Definitionally, that's pretty absurd. Andrewasauber
March 15, 2022
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