Uncommon Descent Serving The Intelligent Design Community

Darwinists in real time – a reflection

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Since the revelations from Monday’s press conference in Iowa regarding the true reason for Guillermo Gonzalez’s tenure denial, I have been studying the comments of Darwinists, to this and this post. The comments intrigue me for a reason I will explain in a moment.

Some commenters are no longer with us, but they were not the ones that intrigued me.*

I’ve already covered Maya at 8, 10, and 12 here, arguing a case against Gonzalez, even though the substance of the story is that we now KNOW that her assertions have nothing to do with the real reason he was denied tenure.

Oh, and at 15, she asserts, “The concern is not about Gonzalez’s politics or religion but about his ability to serve as a science educator.”

So … a man can write a textbook in astronomy, as Gonzalez has done, but cannot serve as a science educator? What definition of “science” is being used here, and what is its relevance to reality?

And getawitness, at 18, then compares astronomy to Near East Studies, of all things. NES is notorious for suspicion of severe compromise due to financing from Middle Eastern interests! I won’t permit a long, useless combox thread on whether or not those accusations are true; it’s the comparison itself that raises an eyebrow.

Just when I thought I had heard everything, at 35, Ellazimm asks, apparently in all seriousness, “Having been involved in a contentious tenure decision myself I can’t see why the faculty are not allowed to make a decision based on their understanding of the scientific standard in their discipline.”

She must have come in after the break,  when the discussion started, because she seems to have missed the presentation. Briefly, Ellazimm the facts are these: They decided to get rid of him because of his sympathies with intelligent design BEFORE the tenure process even began, then cited a variety of other explanations that taken as a whole lacked merit (though there are people attempting to build a case to this day – see Maya above). THEN the truth came out when e-mails were subpoenaed through a public records request. That was AFTER President Geoffroy had represented a facts-challenged story to the public media. In other words, the entire tenure process sounds like a sham and the participants may have engaged in deliberate deception to cover up the fact that it was a sham.

Now, tell me, is that how your faculty makes decisions? Then I hope they have a top law firm and super PR guys.

I see here where Maya tries again at 38: “You may be right that some of his colleagues voted solely due to his ID leanings, but based on my experience with academia I doubt it. ”

What has Maya’s “experience” to do with anything whatever? We now have PUBLIC RECORDS of what happened in the Guillermo Gonzalez tenure case. I could tell you about hiring and promotion decisions I’ve been involved with too, but it wouldn’t be relevant.

Oh, and Maya again at 40: “Produce a predictive, falsifiable theory that explains the available evidence. If Gonzalez, or any other ID proponent, did this, universities would be falling over themselves to offer tenure.”

As a matter of fact, Gonzalez’s theory of the galactic habitable zone – a direct contradiction of Carl Sagan’s interpretation of the Copernican Principle – is eminently testable and falsifiable, and it was passing the tests and not being falsified – as The Privileged Planet sets out in detail, in a form accessible to an educated layperson.

At 59, displaying complete ignorance of legal standards regarding discrimination, tyke writes, “As others have said, even if there was some discriminatory language against GG for his pursuit of ID, there are clearly still enough grounds for ISU to deny him tenure.”

Tyke: If I fire someone because I discover that he doubts the hype about global warming, and he then sues me, I CANNOT say afterward, “Well, I was justified in firing him anyway because he was a crappy employee.” The actual reason I fired him is the one that must be litigated because it is a fact, not a variety of suppositions after the fact. To the extent that the faculty had decided to deny GG tenure on account of his sympathy for intelligent design, and the tenure process itself was an elaborate sham, they cannot now say that they were justified by it. Whether they should have made the decision based on the process is neither here nor there. That was not how they made the decision.

Not a whole lot new here except that MacT sniffs, “Judging by the comments on this and other threads regarding GG’s tenure case, it seems clear that there is very little understanding or familiarity with the tenure process.”

On the contrary, MacT, there is way more understanding and familiarity now than there was before the Register and Disco started publishing the real story.

I studied the comments in depth for a reason, as I said: It was a golden opportunity to see how Darwinists and materialists generally would address known facts in real time when all the participants are alive. After all, I must take their word for the trilobite and the tyrannosaur. But this time the relevant data are easy to understand.

What’s become quite clear is their difficulty in accepting the facts of the case. Intelligent design WAS the reason Gonzalez was denied tenure. We now know that from the records. Again and again they try to move into an alternate reality where that wasn’t what really happened or if it did, itwasn’t viewpoint discrimination.

At this point, I must assume that that is their normal way of handling data from the past as well. Except that I won’t know what they have done with it.

I think I do know why they do it, however. To them, science is materialism, and any other position is unacceptable even if the facts support it. I’d had good reason to believe that from other stories I have worked on, but it is intriguing and instructive to watch the “alternate reality” thing actually happening in real time.

Meanwhile, last and best of all, over at the Post-Darwinist, I received a comment to this post**, to which I replied:

Anonymous, how kind of you to write …

You said, “Opponents of ID complain about the lack of empirical research and evidence to back up ID – and, to be honest, they have a point. There isn’t a lot to show yet.”

With respect, you seem to have missed the point. Gonzalez WAS doing research that furthered ID. His research on galactic habitable zones – an area in which he is considered expert – was turning up inconvenient facts about the favourable position of Earth and its moon for life and exploration.

In other words, when Carl Sagan said that Earth is a pale blue dot lost somewhere in the cosmos, he was simply incorrect. But he represents “science”, right?

Gonzalez is correct – but he represents “religion”, supposedly.

So an incorrect account of Earth’s position is science and a correct account is religion?

Oh, but wait a minute – the next move will be the claim that whatever Gonzalez demonstrated doesn’t prove anything after all, and even talking about it is “religion”, which is not allowed – so bye bye career.

We may reach the point in my own lifetime when one really must turn to religion (“religion?”) in order to get a correct account of basic facts about our planet and to science (“science”?) for propaganda and witch hunts.

Oh, by the way, if you work at a corporation where I “would be astonished at what kinds of things get passed through email”, I must assume that you are prudent enough to make sure that your name isn’t in the hedder.

*Uncommon Descent is not the Thumb, let alone the Pharyngulite’s cave, so if you would be happier there, don’t try to change things here, just go before you get booted.

**I have cleaned up the typos.

Comments
"Are you saying that there is no way to argue positively for ‘design’ from empirical grounds?" No. I'm saying that such an argument cannot be conflated with ontology. "My previous comment was regarding the irrelevance of whether or not DNA has ontological emergence, but that treating it as a ‘code’ (an emergent property itself) allows for robust generalizations at higher levels. That does not, as you seem to say above, imply an ontological commitment." The generalizations are unsecured in the absence of data supporting the reductionist approach to codes. The supporting ediface is the plausibility of emergence. If that concept is faulty then the whole structure is shaky. "However, ‘design’ does." Does what? Force a commitment to a belief in God?pk4_paul
December 8, 2007
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I'm not sure I get your point. Can you elaborate? Are you saying that there is no way to argue positively for 'design' from empirical grounds? My previous comment was regarding the irrelevance of whether or not DNA has ontological emergence, but that treating it as a 'code' (an emergent property itself) allows for robust generalizations at higher levels. That does not, as you seem to say above, imply an ontological commitment. However, 'design' does. At least in some formulations of the design inference (not the ones where Dembski has admitted that natural selection may produce CSI, see Elsberry and Shallit). So what you are saying cannot be done (forcing ontological commitments from data) is certainly what the 'design inference' entails.Sally_T
December 8, 2007
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Sally: Within my field, we more or less accept the coding analogy as a useful heuristic but not an ontological commitment. That's fine. However, in exploring the issue of origins one needs to follow the trail of evidence wherever it leads. Once one begins to argue for a supernatural entity based on natural test data he or she has departed the realm of the empirical. One cannot force ontological commitments based on test data.pk4_paul
December 8, 2007
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whether 'codes' arise as the consequences of the properties of the constituent elements, compounds and molecules is certainly a testable hypothesis. I'm not familiar with that type of research so i have no idea of how generally this is accepted. Within my field, we more or less accept the coding analogy as a useful heuristic but not an ontological commitment. The notion that DNA determines every feature about organisms is a reductionist trap that has swallowed good biologists and seems poised to swallow the ID movement. Of course one way to escape the trap has been to claim various forms of human exceptionalism. these are incoherent as i have tried to show on this thread. another way to escape the trap is to show how reductive explanations are blocked by emergence.Sally_T
December 8, 2007
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Patrick, pk4-paul and other, A “dumb talking point”??? This one of the pillars of the ID hypothesis and NO peer reviewed, published research has done, to my knowledge, to show one concrete example of the process by which the calculations are made. I think it would be nice to take this exercise to the next level. This is, perhaps, the kind of research that some in the ID community should be doing, and if I understand it correctly, it would not require any funding to do as all (or at least enough to start) of the information exists and everyone (expect me) is an expert at it. So, to take an example, let us look at the dystrophin protein. I pick this because it is very large and therefore very complex and will serve as a good example for the ID community. All relevant information can be gathered here: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/gquery?term=dystrophin including genetic sequence, protein sequence, tertiary structures, etc. To get things started, I imagine the start codon will contain more information than other condons (making it already more complicated than Patrick let on). Furthermore, condons that code for aa’s like serine or cysteine would likely account for more complexity than a glycine, due to their effects on protein structure. I also imagine that the wobble position would cause some issues, for example, because a leucine can be coded by 6 different codons, they would each contain less complexity than tgg, tryptophan, which is encoded by only that one. Dystrophin is a useful protein because we know about many of the mutations that take occur and how they affect the protein function, both directly and in the context of the entire organism. This can give a good idea as to the immutability of the sequence. There are reviews that will list all the mutations known, in full. There may be some issues when taking into account other factors that affect protein function, for example, intronic spicing, trans-acting factors, etc. It would be an interesting experiment to mutate each aa individually and quantitate protein function. As well, looking into the promoters, enhancers, insulator elements, etc. would be required. Also, epigenetic factors including chromatin methylation, acetylation, etc etc have to be factored in. I realize this is extremely complicated, however, if this is done it is actual scientific data to verify the SC hypothesis. I find it deeply distressing that none of these factors were mentioned in any of the previous post about the nature of the complexity of a DNA sequence/protein. It gives me pause concerning the depth of molecular biology knowledge in this community. Furthermore, if one wants to extract the informational content from these systems and compare them in a meaningful way to everything else in nature so as to prove that nature cannot produce CSI, one also needs a detailed understanding of everything from the bond strength of inorganic crystal structures to fusion rates in stars. Before you say nature has never produced CSI you have to prove nature has never produced CSI. That is the point I am trying to make. I could imagine some people will look at all the data and say, of course it is complex, but the only way to convince people of you cause to do the calculations and prove that it is complex and publish your results in a peer reviewed journal. It is very easy to sit at home and type diatribes expressing you revulsion at the scientific community for not taking ID seriously, but unless you do some actual work you won’t and don’t deserve to be taken seriously.leo
December 8, 2007
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Sally: Treating the DNA code as if it were a prewritten program or a code is an ontological issue that also (purposely) blocks explanatory reduction. It does not block explanatory reduction. What the recognition of coding does is allow for alternative explanations. Explanatory reduction needs to be based on plausible biochemical analyses. The problem with plausibility is inherent in the biochemistry. You can "treat" codes as if they arise from underlying chemical realities. If successful you will make a reductionist approach the prefered explanation. There are no roadblocks to such an effort other than the ones imposed by nature.pk4_paul
December 8, 2007
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I don't see what the issue is 'the whole is always greater than one of the parts'. Can you remind me? Adaptation carries a lot of teleological baggage. Hence (again I'll pick on Dawkins) much of the discussion about adaptation has been plagued by the same logical inconsistencies that accompany the calculation of 'probabilities' that ID is so fond of. Many critics of panadaptationism have repeatedly pointed this out, but it has not reached the community as a whole. Sociobiology is a fine example of runaway reductive approaches that are ultimately rather unsucessful. But, perhaps this is a digression. I guess we should clarify, do you believe a spider has a 'end goal in mind' when constructing a web? A beaver has an 'end goal in mind' when constructing a dam? I think so. So in this sense we recognize the teleology of biological agents. We don't, and most likely can't (although many have argued this over and over) identify the teleology of First Causes. ID, in this thread, has consistently been associated with the First Cause. If that is true, then it is philosophy and perhaps good philosophy, although it is of the same ontological argument that Plantigna agrees is only valid when one carries the appropriate presuppositions and not a convincing argument otherwise. I prefer arguments that are more robust. If you believe that spiders and beavers are just biological robots following a program, that is at least a hypothesis. I pointed out that the plasticity of behaviors, even within the same individual, blocks explanatory reduction to genetic properties (although KF or someone raised the issue multiple outcomes, that is an ontological emergence issue and not the issue I am concerned with: nominal emergence, nonaggregativity, causal incompressibility and supervenience as a block to explanatory reduction). This is further supported by the observation that we don't understand how genotype produces phenotype or behaviors, so while it may be true it is certainly not established. regarding the table, you are mentioning 'nominal emergence'. the height of the table would be a nonaggregative property since it is determined by a particular configuration of the parts of the table. there is a difference, and nominal emergence is neither necessary or sufficient to produce nonaggregativity.Sally_T
December 8, 2007
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So, is it now possible to come together on basic terms? Moon Craters Specified: yes/no Complex: yes/noStephenB
December 8, 2007
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Thanks patrick. this is a major problem that Dawkins has raised. In his urge to reduce everything to genes, he has made a few errors. ID has copied those errors it appears. Please follow. We don't know how the phenotype is constructed from the genotype. We do know that it is possible for the phenotype to not vary, while the genotype does. This means that the phenotype does not 'supervene' upon the genotype, even though most of us will agree it is dynamically determined by it. The lack of supervenience is an important issue. It means that we cannot explain higher level properties as a function of lower level properties, and that is a big deal. So the bottom up approach of calculating probabilities is blocked by the lack of supervenience of the higher level properties on the lower levels. This is also true for Dawkins' gene selection theories. They are both in a corner that prevents their utility in other theories at higher levels above their own. Treating the DNA code as if it were a prewritten program or a code is an ontological issue that also (purposely) blocks explanatory reduction. It may very well be the case that all of the cellular processes and entities are mere consequences of the properties of consitutent matter. At this point, it is not clear. I'll agree with you say, how could that be, but i do think it is worth keeping on the table as a null model. 'Information' in terms of nucleotide sequences can yield information for phylogenetic analysis. However, there are two distinctions that are worth pointing out. Phylogenetic analsyses use the sum of all the 'information', ie each nucleotide in the sequential alignment, combined with other theories (models) of nucleotide evolution (substitution, replacement, insertion, deletion, etc) to derive generalizations at a higher level The ID measure of nucleotide information appears to be a generalization of the lower levels, but not knowing how those lower levels contribute to higher levels (phenotype) blocks any attempt to use information as a meaningful term in higher levels. The difference lies in the way that nucleotide sequence data are treated. To phylogenetics, a sequence of X length has X data points. To 'information', a sequence of X data points is reduced to a single measure of information, in whatever unit. How would you use 'information' in a higher level explanation? What is ID desiring to explain with 'information'? In my experience, 'information' has only been used to argue negatively against other explanatory domains, by raising the ontological emergence of biological 'information' issue. How are ID'ers using information in positive explanatory accounts of higher level phenomena (Note that someone above has asserted that the entire universe contains 'information' and that the explanatory domain of ID is the entire observable universe. this seems problematic to me. anyone else?) so, while I will agree that you can derive a number for any arbitrary unit of measurement, I don't see the explanatory utility of compressing the 'information' in a DNA sequence to extract a single number that is supposed to have any meaning. So pk4paul, I don't see the point in the measurement. We already have better methods that are tied to other explanatory domains, and ID so far is not tied to any higher levels of explanation.Sally_T
December 8, 2007
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Joseph: Thank you for your service and sacrifice. I am proud to be in the same intellectual confederation with one such as you, albeit in my own stumbling way.StephenB
December 8, 2007
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Jerry, at #181 you wrote, "ID as it is related to evolution is not incompatible with materialism." Could you elaborate on that?StephenB
December 8, 2007
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Sally T: My corrected comment was "The whole is always greater than one of the parts." (Obviously true). You ignored that and commented on the posting error, which read, "The whole is greater than the sum of all the parts." (Conditionally true) Apparently, you missed the correction, so I won't hold you accountable for that. Still, you need to respond to the point. Point #1 is unassailable; point #2 is trivial. Forget about #2 and address #1. Don't you believe in logic.StephenB
December 8, 2007
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Sally T: You have not yet addressed my point that "adapting" does not constitute "planning with an end in mind."StephenB
December 8, 2007
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Leo, read Patrick's comment. Do you really believe the information content of DNA is unmeasurable or is this just a dumb talking point?pk4_paul
December 8, 2007
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Patrick, this has been one of the more interesting threads I've seen here. Kudos for moderating it so well.Daniel King
December 8, 2007
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Informational content of a sandwich?? I'm sorry but what does that have to do with anything? But your main question (how to measure the informational content or "quantitative measures you might use to describe SC or CSI") was answered in comment #152, albeit buried in a long response:
500k - ~ 5 millions of DNA base pairs, each capable of storing 2 bits; and, BTW, that capacity is what Shannon info is about
Even Dawkins would agree with that:
In practice, you first have to find a way of measuring the prior uncertainty - that which is reduced by the information when it comes. For particular kinds of simple message, this is easily done in terms of probabilities. An expectant father watches the Caesarian birth of his child through a window into the operating theatre. He can't see any details, so a nurse has agreed to hold up a pink card if it is a girl, blue for a boy. How much information is conveyed when, say, the nurse flourishes the pink card to the delighted father? The answer is one bit - the prior uncertainty is halved. The father knows that a baby of some kind has been born, so his uncertainty amounts to just two possibilities - boy and girl - and they are (for purposes of this discussion) equal. The pink card halves the father's prior uncertainty from two possibilities to one (girl). If there'd been no pink card but a doctor had walked out of the operating theatre, shook the father's hand and said "Congratulations old chap, I'm delighted to be the first to tell you that you have a daughter", the information conveyed by the 17 word message would still be only one bit.
Not quite a sandwich but the above explanation still is relevant to how to measure the informational content of any object.
Computer information is held in a sequence of noughts and ones. There are only two possibilities, so each 0 or 1 can hold one bit. The memory capacity of a computer, or the storage capacity of a disc or tape, is often measured in bits, and this is the total number of 0s or 1s that it can hold. For some purposes, more convenient units of measurement are the byte (8 bits), the kilobyte (1000 bytes or 8000 bits), the megabyte (a million bytes or 8 million bits) or the gigabyte (1000 million bytes or 8000 million bits). Notice that these figures refer to the total available capacity. This is the maximum quantity of information that the device is capable of storing. The actual amount of information stored is something else. The capacity of my hard disc happens to be 4.2 gigabytes. Of this, about 1.4 gigabytes are actually being used to store data at present. But even this is not the true information content of the disc in Shannon's sense. The true information content is smaller, because the information could be more economically stored. You can get some idea of the true information content by using one of those ingenious compression programs like "Stuffit". Stuffit looks for redundancy in the sequence of 0s and 1s, and removes a hefty proportion of it by recoding - stripping out internal predictability. Maximum information content would be achieved (probably never in practice) only if every 1 or 0 surprised us equally. Before data is transmitted in bulk around the Internet, it is routinely compressed to reduce redundancy. That's good economics. But on the other hand it is also a good idea to keep some redundancy in messages, to help correct errors. In a message that is totally free of redundancy, after there's been an error there is no means of reconstructing what was intended. Computer codes often incorporate deliberately redundant "parity bits" to aid in error detection. DNA, too, has various error-correcting procedures which depend upon redundancy. When I come on to talk of genomes, I'll return to the three-way distinction between total information capacity, information capacity actually used, and true information content. It was Shannon's insight that information of any kind, no matter what it means, no matter whether it is true or false, and no matter by what physical medium it is carried, can be measured in bits, and is translatable into any other medium of information. The great biologist J B S Haldane used Shannon's theory to compute the number of bits of information conveyed by a worker bee to her hivemates when she "dances" the location of a food source (about 3 bits to tell about the direction of the food and another 3 bits for the distance of the food). In the same units, I recently calculated that I'd need to set aside 120 megabits of laptop computer memory to store the triumphal opening chords of Richard Strauss's "Also Sprach Zarathustra" (the "2001" theme) which I wanted to play in the middle of a lecture about evolution. Shannon's economics enable you to calculate how much modem time it'll cost you to e-mail the complete text of a book to a publisher in another land. Fifty years after Shannon, the idea of information as a commodity, as measurable and interconvertible as money or energy, has come into its own. DNA carries information in a very computer-like way, and we can measure the genome's capacity in bits too, if we wish. DNA doesn't use a binary code, but a quaternary one. Whereas the unit of information in the computer is a 1 or a 0, the unit in DNA can be T, A, C or G. If I tell you that a particular location in a DNA sequence is a T, how much information is conveyed from me to you? Begin by measuring the prior uncertainty. How many possibilities are open before the message "T" arrives? Four. How many possibilities remain after it has arrived? One. So you might think the information transferred is four bits, but actually it is two. Here's why (assuming that the four letters are equally probable, like the four suits in a pack of cards). Remember that Shannon's metric is concerned with the most economical way of conveying the message. Think of it as the number of yes/no questions that you'd have to ask in order to narrow down to certainty, from an initial uncertainty of four possibilities, assuming that you planned your questions in the most economical way. "Is the mystery letter before D in the alphabet?" No. That narrows it down to T or G, and now we need only one more question to clinch it. So, by this method of measuring, each "letter" of the DNA has an information capacity of 2 bits.
Just like kairosfocus already explained briefly.... Why 4 nucleotides? Back to Dawkins:
Whenever prior uncertainty of recipient can be expressed as a number of equiprobable alternatives N, the information content of a message which narrows those alternatives down to one is log2N (the power to which 2 must be raised in order to yield the number of alternatives N). If you pick a card, any card, from a normal pack, a statement of the identity of the card carries log252, or 5.7 bits of information. In other words, given a large number of guessing games, it would take 5.7 yes/no questions on average to guess the card, provided the questions are asked in the most economical way. The first two questions might establish the suit. (Is it red? Is it a diamond?) the remaining three or four questions would successively divide and conquer the suit (is it a 7 or higher? etc.), finally homing in on the chosen card.
I'm sure everyone remembers similar examples in Dembski's books?
Remember, too, that even the total capacity of genome that is actually used is still not the same thing as the true information content in Shannon's sense. The true information content is what's left when the redundancy has been compressed out of the message, by the theoretical equivalent of Stuffit. There are even some viruses which seem to use a kind of Stuffit-like compression. They make use of the fact that the RNA (not DNA in these viruses, as it happens, but the principle is the same) code is read in triplets. There is a "frame" which moves along the RNA sequence, reading off three letters at a time. Obviously, under normal conditions, if the frame starts reading in the wrong place (as in a so-called frame-shift mutation), it makes total nonsense: the "triplets" that it reads are out of step with the meaningful ones. But these splendid viruses actually exploit frame-shifted reading. They get two messages for the price of one, by having a completely different message embedded in the very same series of letters when read frame-shifted. In principle you could even get three messages for the price of one, but I don't know whether there are any examples.
Another example: http://www.mcld.co.uk/hiv/?q=HIV%20genome The integrated form of HIV-1 is approximately 9.8 kilobases in length (9,213-nucleotide structure) and is highly polymorphic. So in general I don't see the point in further discussing the "how to measure the informational bits" since there is not any major disagreement on this issue. UD is not a teaching course. We generally assume that commentators have prior knowledge of the subject matter. The demand to "measure and quantify it before you draw any conclusions" is thus unjustified. It's like demanding that we first teach you your ABC's (how to measure informational content and the specifics of CSI) while everyone else wants to discuss grammar. Read the literature, comprehend it, and then you can be part of this debate.Patrick
December 8, 2007
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pk4-paul, you say: All of this is measurable and quantifiable. Could you please, for once, measure and quantify it before you draw any conclusions. Thanks.leo
December 8, 2007
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Sally: Same goes for ‘SC’ or CSI or what have you. How much information or complexity is in a peanut butter sandwich, you were asked above and ignored. Jerry: DNA has an enormous amount of complexity and is specified because some of it specifies an independent entity, namely proteins. The nature of the complexity cited is key. The selection value of codons is linked to their capacity to accurately represent specified amino acids or directive signals such as initiation and stoppage. The utility of codons lies in their symbolism. Symbolism is not only need be linked to aa and ultimately protein properties, it is linked to proper sequencing of amino acids ensuring the needed folding of the protein. Sometimes an entirely distinct protein- a chaperone- is needed to ensure accurate folding. All of this is measurable and quantifiable. It is not however, explained through a reductionist approach. Symbolic systems of information are not constructed through random processes that invoke selection as an explanatory filter. There are some biological functions that are truly basic because they involve processes that are critical to life. Such functions are irreducibly complex as are their proteins. The usual tactic of explaining the source of irreducubly compllex functions by referencing "precursor" molecules fails at the point of life's origins. It fails because its proponents are determined to exclude ID from the explanatory mix.pk4_paul
December 8, 2007
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Also I gave you quantitative measures in bits of information - this is not merely speculation it is the core of the theory- DNA is loaded with information and it is very important that we get a handle on it. Now here is where the real concepts come into play- First of all ID does write promissory notes as well as Darwinism (that all of the fossil records will align in accordance etc) i remind you that Darwin got it wrong when he said small changes over long periods of time bring about vast speciation- the Cambrian explosion showed huge differentiation in species at the highest taxonomic levels- this is not a refutation of evolution or its tree of life per se' but it is if we are to put it on a chronological time scale because "why haven’t we seen the same rate of speciation sense then." It is obvious that DE cannot predict what level of mutation will occur or how the exogenous and endogenous factors will deal with that change - preserving it or destroying it- so we have an intuitive break down. How can all of this just be acting without any accordance to natural laws? Why is there no continuity to the time intervals of speciation? Darwin had an answer- "Randomness" Now the problem with this world is that it doesn’t fit the bill except in a very stochastic sense. Everything is not random or I would float up to the ceiling every once in a while. This is the problem I have with methodological materialists they reject further metaphysical explanations so they reduce the argument to terminologies that barely and really don’t accurately describe the situation at hand. Randomness is not correct. SC and the universal probability bound not only bring intelligence into play as a factor but put a limit on how far EVo can go before it runs out of Materialistic natural probabilistic resources- Its not Random that we should cal those mysterious and elusive mutations but "unexplained" The philosophical reasoning that goes into the labeling of the process random has huge metaphysical exponents - so does if we say everything is planned. ID though makes no claim that everything is planned by intelligence it simply asserts that we "can" detect the role that intelligence plays in nature when the complexity and specificity of the object in inspection reaches astronomical levels. ID does not rule out the possibility that everything is designed- it does not rule out the possibility that everything was not designed - it rules out unguided natural processes via probability not possibility- The reason why we are talking about intelligence and not properties is the at intelligence is what we see in humans and intelligent life and it is the only thing that has displayed the power to move matter to design SC. Now intelligence is a property and it could be everywhere but we only see it in humans and language requires that we differentiate between human causation and wind erosion etc. Intelligence therefore could just be a property but it is the one we are familiar with in humans- You are trying to draw a line between Intelligence as we use in in the vernacular and properties as it could apply to everything in the universe- we are specifying the property- its not thermodynamics- its not gravity- its not wind and erosion- all are reside inside the circle of properties. The question of ontology is an important one but not limited to a first casue. Even though modern physics points to a first casue at the onset of the big bang, we need not rely on one. The who designed the desinger argument works fine with ID- intelligence desined intelligence infinetly if you wish, or some super intelligence kicked it all off at the first casue- but no unintelligent casue is suficient to explain the SC in nature.Frost122585
December 8, 2007
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Sallyt, What you are rally asking is how do you define intelligence specifically- The ability to match ends to means. Not means to ends… “Ends to means-” Next you will say that this is an illusion because we just think we are matching ends to means but really the ends we have in mind are just the means in disguise- well that very well may be but it allows us the ability to design SC and wind and erosion cannot "trick itself into thinking its matching ends to means" So the cell- have you ever studied the unbelievable intricacy of the cell- it is this amazing mico-world and the fine tuning of the universe that made atheist Antony Flew a theist or deist or w/e he is. The specificity of these things is jaw dropping. Things that took us millions of years to design have been with us al along in the cell. And its still a mystery as I pointed out because Darwin’s explanation of Randomness uses the meaning of the word wrongly and he really means " of unknown origin and unknown process." If the universe was just a little off we would not exist. Why? How? Why don’t we live in a universe that is very flexible where we can say "oh well life is everywhere, its not special at because it’s so easily done, on every planet everywhere." Because we don’t. Why cant we explain this? Because we can and the explanation we have has aggravated the status quoe's universal paradigm and metaphysical biases. For this medicine question. I’m not going to sit here and play the ID hasn’t cured AIDs yet game. Neither has DE. But it is people like you that have stopped ID from getting any public research money or EVEN TO BE FRICKEN PEER REVIEWED! I mean come on it is deserving of some exposure at least. You cant call it unfruitful until you give it a fair run. If you are convinced that it cant do anything DE can't then you have admitted your philosophical bias before even listening to my answer of your question. So please keep an open mind and allow me to further explain. Science today teacher Darwin even though a lot of what he has said has turned out to be wrong and now you have Neo-Darwinism- why we insist on keeping his name IMO is the atheistic bias but hat is just an opinion not provable- Drugs and medicine research is conducted by people have been tough that mutation and NS can account for everything in life. The truth is that probabilistically it cannot. A scientific trained in ID will look at bugs or drugs and not only discern where Darwinism is no longer a viable explanation but will look at the problem from the perspective of information theory asking how is this thing designed. ID is the only theory and template that opens biology up to this scientific view. I agree that some of this thinking is going on already but if you tough the theory or accepted it as a theory or even just peer reviewed the stuff you would not be wasting time but attacking the problems of science from a novel non-main stream approach that deviates form the norm and as i have pointed out clearly hold scientific merit at hr every least in its explanatory power. Also you cant ask for super explicit examples of how ID has resolved an issue that DE has not especially when we haven’t had the time or money or for that matter extreme exposure that DE has had. No one knows if a theory or research program will be fruitful until its allowed a good chance to develop. I would be for all kinds of novel theories being given peer review- science is about “thinking, and exploring” not rejecting things via the institution. Just because a bunch of people reject an idea doesn’t mean its wrong-Special theory of relativity was not given the Nobel prize for physics the first time it was up for it because the panel couldn’t understand the theory! Point is- let people be creative and novel and try to meet them half way and give their ideas honest exposure especially when ID has so much explanatory power though observation of the known cause and effect structure of the word- people would not be wasting time and money on this theory if they didn’t think it was right- unless you think its all about religion that is which is not judging the theory on its merits. Of course even if religion was a motivating factor for some or all of its advocates, it still doesn’t mean the theory is useless- it might be proven totally wrong but if it made positive contributions to science it was most likely worth it. It might be proven wrong and then picked back up again later- this has happened once with Darwin to today- Science, especially on the big questions, swings back and forth. One more thing , please keep your questions to me as one at a time I cant have a 10 way discussion with you at the same time and get anywhere significant or speak to the heart of your questions. I have explained how it differs from DE on a research basis. I have explained why ontology is important even if you reject first cause. Don’t just repeat the questions- ask “explicit” questions about my answers.Frost122585
December 8, 2007
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Sally T, There is a lot of complexity in a peanut butter sandwich and even more in a pbnj. But it is not specified. A typical rock formation has an enormous amount of information and complexity but it is not specified. DNA has an enormous amount of complexity and is specified because some of it specifies an independent entity, namely proteins. Now the part of DNA that does this is only a small percentage of the total genome but it is large absolutely and can be quantified mathematically. My guess is that much of the remaining genome will end up specifying various processes for the organism to reproduce, develop and survive but as of yet it is only speculation. So from now on forget about peanut butter sandwiches or similar examples. You have now graduated into complexity that specifies an independent entity. So please limit your discussions to such areas from now on no matter how much you like peanut butter sandwiches.jerry
December 8, 2007
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Sallyt I meant runing away in that you ignored my explantions to you questions. Not the fact that you have or have not been posting. It is good to see though that you finnaly accept intelligence as a useful conception- Have you read no free lunch? The way we measur eit is by breaking down complexity into matter/energy then useing information theory and what science currently holds about information bing stored into bits- to try and get some handle on intelligence. I never said its perfect but as i pointed out math isnot either Godel proved this beyond any shadow of a doubt. I dont want to keep calling you a troll so please keep the condascending tone to a polite level and ask specific questions not this rigormoral about what "domain" or "emergence" we dont have enough time to come to a universal philosophical agreement of what each term exactly means to one another- as far as ontology you can have no emergence whith out a first casue at least not in the physical sense. Did you mean it in the metaphysical sense like after a chair is built chairness as a concept has emerged through the embodiement of its object? If you try and be a little more specific and "explicit" I have no problem with calming down but dont you think there is a reason most people on this site think you are beating around the bush? Meet me half way if you can.Frost122585
December 8, 2007
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I have never denied intelligence, but I will state that so far you have absolutely no way to measure it. Same goes for 'SC' or CSI or what have you. How much information or complexity is in a peanut butter sandwich, you were asked above and ignored. This is crucial,. If ID is going to have a referential domain larger than theology it must make use of the concepts in other disciplines. How do you measure it? BA your suggestion will not work because there multiple pathways to producing amino acids through synonomous subsequences. Joseph and Frost you have consistently failed to understand the concept of emergence and the context of this discussion. I have stringently avoided all discussion of ontological emergence, for they devolve into the standard belly button gazing fare that BA's list of things that theism predicts and KF's business about 'sadly, rhetorical, selective hyperskepticism, sad'. Stephen for all of your concerns, your quote 'the whole is greater than the sum of the parts' is a statement of ontological emergence. So is Behe's 'Irreducible complexity'. Again, my comments refer to the role of emergence in scientific theories. Emergence blocks explanatory reduction to properties of lower levels. This most of you (except for those that stumbled over 'emergence') can accept. When I claim that ID is essentially a study of emergent properties (particular vagaries of life, particular vagaries of particular place in solar system, etc) and as such blocks any attempts of explanatory reduction to lower levels, some of you got mad. That is fine, ID doesn't have to be reduced to lower levels. IF however it wants to be taken seriously as science, then it must refer back to higher levels (see above). Irreducible emergent properties must be used in higher level generalizations and theories. This was my question regarding how the 'design inference' was going to be used. I have received no clear answer, although Joseph provided a partial one in between fits (calm down hon!) when he suggested that the Edge to Evolution may be useful in designing new drugs or medicines. Interesting, but so far remains to be seen. Frost sweetie I'm not running away from this discussion, I just have other things going on in my life and can't be here to respond to your every comment. That said, I'll stop by a few times this weekend. I think it is important that you actually deal with the distinctions between the ontological and explanatory emergent properties and consider the block to explanation that design puts in the way. Also consider what quantitative measures you might use to decribe SC or CSI. cheersSally_T
December 8, 2007
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Kairos, I was hoping you would weigh in on this one. As i pointed out- she denied the term intelligence becasue she didn't like it. Dodged an explanation of SC. Claimed ID and DE as research programs were the same, tried to obfuscate the whole topic talking about spiders and webs, claimed she didn't understand the theory and then dissmissed it all on unsupported ontological grounds. This is a hopeless situation for her as you can see she had to run away from everyhting ID threw at her. Pitty that she is the victim of her preconcieved biases. She waved the majic wand of Darwin only to find that inteligence in fact did exist.Frost122585
December 8, 2007
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PS: Sally_T -- why not look at my summary on the toolkit to think on such matters here. Also, IMHCFO it would repay you to look at related ethical matters here, especially on epistemic virtues and vices and the incoherence of relativism. Now, Ah really gawn to ketch up on sleep.kairosfocus
December 8, 2007
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Onlookers and Participants: Much of the above is enlightening, even entertaining. I especially liked Joseph at 174 on bird migration by stellar navigation, which joins the bio and the cosmo sides of ID nicely. Joseph again at 202, is just slightly less enjoyable, and also quite illuminating on basic scientific method -- though I note that "it evolved" is also "it emerged" nowadays! FYI, Sally_T, it is the evolutionary materialists who have taken to themselves the project to say -- cue Carl Sagan's notorious intro to his PBS series, Cosmos [or the Berenstein bears on the same point . . .] -- that science has successfully explained beyond revision of the basic framework, the ORIGIN of the cosmos from hydrogen to humans, through the materialistic evolutionary cascade: primordial state [perhaps multiverse?] --> big bang and cosmological evo --> stellar and planetary system evo --> chemical evo and OOL --> biological macro-evo on RV + NS etc --> Human evo --> Socio-cultural evo --> the current human situation. I -- and many others far more august than I ever hope to be -- have simply observed that notoriously public claim, and challenge that it has manifestly failed on its own terms, philosophically [being self-referentially incoherent on the credibility of the minds we need to think even evo mat thoughts] and scientifically [this is my always linked]. Indeed, IMHCFO, Sally_T, your repeated attempts to turn about the issue and to invoke the word magic of "reductionism" and "emergence" tells us that in your heart of hearts, you know that but are unwilling to surrender the evo mat that underlies the failure. [Onlookers, consider the point in Rom 1:19 ff on why this is an increasingly commonly met with attitude nowadays.] So, on the evidence of many remarks above and insistence in the teeth of appropriate correction, you now rhetorically pretend that it is those who are criticising the failure who are "reductionistic" and who fail to understand the import of "emergence." You have also failed to understand the basic logic of abductive inference to explanation, the framework in which science operates. The point is that we observe facts and seek explanations that for good reason would entail them logically [e.g. by cause-effect bonds]. So, if an explanation works as an explanation at all, it is always LOGICALLY valid: E => observed facts. Then, we compare alternative accounts that are reasonable and assess them across: factual adequacy, coherence and explanatory elegance and power, to conclude which is the best to date. We then hold that a best and reliable empirically anchored explanation is a reasonable scientific position etc. IMHCO, as my always linked outlines, the inference to design is the best, empirically and logically well warranted explanation of: OOL, body-plan level biodiversity, and the organised, fine-tuned complexity of the physics of our life-facilitating cosmos. BTW, it is also evident that because you do not take cognizance of the definition of ID, you don't realise that it is a theory of the origin of information of certain types of interest, and so has application to -- inter alia -- both biology and cosmology. [Has it dawned on you that Mr Gonzalez is an ASTRONOMER, and has worked on astronomical ID issues tied to his major discoveries on Galactic Habitable Zones (the context for many of those 60+ papers and the Sci Am cover page article) and "goldilocks -- just right -- zones" in planetary systems, which is the context for his Privileged Planet thesis?] Onlookers, what does this say about Sally_T's competence to comment seriously on the matters she insistently raised as distractors? "Distractors"? Yes, so, may I draw our attention back to the key issue for this thread -- which it seems the Evo Mat advocates are insistent on distracting us from? Namely, a question of gross and hitherto concealed injustice. As Denyse ever so aptly says:
Since the revelations from Monday’s press conference in Iowa regarding the true reason for Guillermo Gonzalez’s tenure denial, I have been studying the comments of Darwinists . . . . I’ve already covered Maya [NB, now no longer with us] at 8, 10, and 12 here, arguing a case against Gonzalez, even though the substance of the story is that we now KNOW that her assertions have nothing to do with the real reason he was denied tenure. Oh, and at 15, she asserts, “The concern is not about Gonzalez’s politics or religion but about his ability to serve as a science educator.” . . . . getawitness, at 18, then compares astronomy to Near East Studies, of all things. NES is notorious for suspicion of severe compromise due to financing from Middle Eastern interests! . . . . at 35, Ellazimm asks, apparently in all seriousness, “Having been involved in a contentious tenure decision myself I can’t see why the faculty are not allowed to make a decision based on their understanding of the scientific standard in their discipline.” . . . . Briefly, Ellazimm the facts are these: They decided to get rid of him because of his sympathies with intelligent design BEFORE the tenure process even began, then cited a variety of other explanations that taken as a whole lacked merit . . . THEN the truth came out when e-mails were subpoenaed through a public records request. That was AFTER President Geoffroy had represented a facts-challenged story to the public media. In other words, the entire tenure process sounds like a sham and the participants may have engaged in deliberate deception to cover up the fact that it was a sham.
I cite again, from 56 above, the statement of GG's HOD, which he seemed to think warrants exclusion from tenure -- but only succeeds in revealing his philosophical naivety:
Dr. Gonzalez has stated that Intelligent Design is a scientific theory and someday would be taught in science classrooms. This is confirmed by his numerous postings on the Discovery Institute Web site. The problem here is that Intelligent Design is not a scientific theory. Its premise is beyond the realm of science. … But it is incumbent on a science educator to clearly understand and be able to articulate what science is and what it is not. The fact that Dr. Gonzalez does not understand what constitutes both science and a scientific theory disqualifies him from serving as a science educator.
Now, as I commented in 56: "“the” definition of what is and is not science is a vexed PHILOSOPHICAL question, one that is pregnant with possibilities for abuse, and one that on the evidence above and in associated threads and linked documents, the HOD [and the staff in general] are plainly ill-equipped to fairly and soundly address." CONCLUSION: In the face of such a decisive public record on the merits, the tactic of insistently diverting the thread to anything but the vital issue of exposing and correcting blatant injustice is a grim and terrible warning of what is likely to happen -- again -- if evo mat-driven secularist radicals and their fellow travellers of various stripes gain further power in our civilisation. It has been well-said, that "to be fore-warned is to be fore-armed." At least, if we are at all prudent . . . GEM of TKIkairosfocus
December 8, 2007
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She was just a troll. It took me all of two responces. I explained the theory to he and she changed ground like 10 times. She was trying to make the rules. But ID isnt about any rules its about the fact. All of them. She wanted to use emergence- and she wanted to say sicenc has ruled out a first cause- that animals are areproblem for ID's consistency when they are not- she rejected SC on no grounds except its a false ontological dilema because she doesnt agree with ID's ontologcial stance becasue she is a methdological materialist. My definition of which is "someone who illogically rules out nonmaterial causeation due to their religious bias against intelligent causeation. The is no evidence that material causeation can being the universe or account for SC. Intelligence can account of SC and information could be the medium for first casue and is the best description of why nad how the universe has structure. Oh well, she just wants a religious war.Frost122585
December 7, 2007
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That line in the second to last paragraph should read: "The whole is greater than ANY of the parts."StephenB
December 7, 2007
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--------Sally T wrote "The problem with ‘purposeful development’ is it is difficult to measure. You seem to be a little evasive here. My point has absolutely nothing to do with "measuring purposeful development." Consider this: Purposeful development is possible only on condition that some intelligent agency has planned that development with an end in mind. Emergence makes no provisions for such a teleological approach to life and is, therefore, incompatible with intelligent design. You just slide past that as if it was a throwaway line. ------Again, you write, "On the contrary, I would say that there is a great deal of planning that occurs in plants and animals. There is a fine literature on life history adaptations to specific environmental presses. Well, no. In fact, what you are describing does not constitute “planning” at all. To the extent that it does, it makes “selections” on the fly. Adaptation does not constitute a planned process. To plan is to make decisions (selections) in accordance with an end in mind. In effect, you have deconstructed the ID definition of “plan” and reconstructed it to fit your own pet “emergence” project. You also reworked the word “agency” in the same way, and, apparently for the same purpose ----to create the illusion that “adaptation,” which operates by trial and error, actually constitutes some sort of purposeful direction. Shazaaam! Instant teleology. Of course, intelligent design really does reflect a teleological perspective. If an intelligent agent, with a purpose, plans accordingly, evidence of real design will follow. With your scheme, though, the agent has no purpose, and the plan has no direction, other than the way emergence may happen to take it. In that case, design is illusory, because spontaneous emergence does the work creative design is supposed to do.. Thus, if you can sell the idea of emergence, you can undermine intelligent design. One can, after all, detect design only from a teleological perspective. So, why should we humor you by speculating about the impossible task of detecting design in an emergent environment? I was somewhat amused by your last response to me. To my comment that “either mind arose from matter” or “matter arose from mind,” you cautioned, “Beware of false dichotomies.” We get a lot of that on this blog---exhortations about avoiding either/or propositions, even when the law of the excluded middle clearly applies. I will say such things as, “the whole is greater that the sum of all the parts,” to which our beloved postmodern critics will inquire, “Are you sure.” It does bring a smile. So, inasmuch as you think it is a false dichotomy, why not offer an alternative?--- without changing definitions, of course. You’ve done a little too much of that already. Of course, that was the idea all along wasn’t it----to reframe the issue? Your opening gambit was most entertaining: “Isn’t intelligent design just about pointing out emergent properties?” Oh, you do like to make up your own rules, don’t you? “Hey gang, let’s redefine the raw materials of intelligent design as “emergent” properties and watch the fun begin. Let’s create our own design free zone.” Please!StephenB
December 7, 2007
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Patrick, thanks. I'll look for that. I suppose it depends on how "interventionist" design would have to be. This is the advantage, conceptually, of front-loading, which can serve as a kind of genetic Deism. I don't think front-loading works in terms of genetic history, though, so I'm left, as one who accepts common descent, with either standard material science, which has proven its worth in many areas, or a set of design events scattered through time. But I'll try and find the point in Dr. Dembski's work (unlikely to be in TDI, so I'll check NFL first).getawitness
December 7, 2007
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