Uncommon Descent Serving The Intelligent Design Community

We Have a Live One, Folks — Information Redux

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My first post on UD, a mere 6 weeks ago, covered some basic principles about information.

Specifically, I addressed the misunderstandings of those who deny that there is anything special about the information contained in, say, DNA, as opposed to a pile of rocks or Saturn’s rings.  We had a very productive discussion, with a number of issues explored.  (Incidentally, I used the word “contain” as a shorthand way of expressing what Mung suggested we call “sequences of symbols” that “represent information.”  I’m fine with that longer formulation, as we are saying the same thing substantively.  Any nuance there isn’t germane to the point of today’s brief post.)

As we were winding up the thread, Mung asked if I had any sources of people who espoused the “information everywhere” view.  Unfortunately, I haven’t kept track of all the times I’ve heard this issue, though a number of other commenters on the thread indicated they had been exposed to similar claims from the anti-ID side.

Well, fast forward to today.  On vjtorley’s recent thread about RNA, the issue of information content came up.

Evolve claimed to Upright Biped, in part:

Your mud is nothing but a collection of molecules. So is life. Your mud has chemistry, so does life. How did inanimate chemistry (found in mud) transform into biochemistry (found in life) is all that needs to be figured out.

To which I responded, in part:

False. Blatantly, patently, utterly false.

Life is most certainly not “nothing but a collection of molecules.”

Evolve also asserted:

Creationists are likening biochemistry (which is perceived as information in life) to man-made codes like computer software and language. They, as a group, seem incapable of realizing that computer software and human language lack any chemistry whatsoever!

To which I responded:

No-one has to pretend that they perceive information in life. It is there. Objectively so. And things like the genetic code were not made up by creationists. It is called a code because it is one.

As to your last sentence, you are demonstrating that you have virtually no grasp of the issues at hand. The question is not whether chemistry is involved. Everyone knows it is. Everyone (who has any understanding of what they are talking about) also knows that simple “chemistry” on its own explains neither the origin of life nor its ongoing existence. Surely you are not really taking the position that information and coding cannot be placed into biochemical strings because we are dealing with “chemistry”?

After a day passed, I wondered if Evolve would recognize he was going down a bad path and quietly back down.

Unfortunately, unwilling to follow the time-honored advice — “If you find you’ve dug yourself into a hole, stop digging.” — Evolve stepped up with another shovel full this afternoon:

If there’s information in life, then there’s information in dissolving salt in a glass of water! It’s all chemistry, Eric. And chemical reactions happen spontaneously on their own as you witness every second.

One molecule reacts with another molecule under certain conditions to make a product. Done. That’s it.

So there you have it.  It’s all just chemistry.  One molecule reacts with another and, ta-da!, life as we know it.  Nothing to explain here.  No information to see.  Move along folks.

A live example of utter failure to appreciate what is going on in living systems.  A refusal to acknowledge the gaping information chasm that separates any old “collection of molecules” from something like DNA.  A claim that if there is information in DNA, then there is also information in “dissolving salt in a glass of water,” because, hey, “it’s all chemistry.”

Mung, you can add this to your reference list.

Evolve, I apologize if this is coming across too harshly.  If you are genuinely interested in this issue, please read the prior thread in detail and think through the question of why researchers across the spectrum acknowledge that information is one of the keys to life — something that makes a fundamental difference between a living cell and salt dissolving in water.

Comments
AVS:
And I’m willing to bet that the entire field of origin of life research would disagree with you on the “because chemistry doesn’t adequately explain the origin of life” thing. In fact the study of the origin of life is entirely based on chemistry.
And why would that be, do you suppose?Mung
May 5, 2014
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AVS:
In reality, the cell is pretty much a mess.
In fact, it's a miracle that anything gets done in the cell at all! And Darwinism can explain both the organization and the messiness of the cell. What a fantastic theory!Mung
May 5, 2014
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AVS:
This is where the cell and a computer are completely different I think. I am not an expert on computers, though so I may be off the mark.
But your an expert on computers enough to know the two are completely different. Remarkable.Mung
May 5, 2014
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AVS:
Can anyone come up with a process that occurs in the human body that isn’t completely explained through chemistry?
The irrational desire to make oneself look like a fool on the internet.Mung
May 5, 2014
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Incidentally, I apologize for weighing in again, but I want to put one issue to rest that came up early on. It was a red herring raised by AVS, but it may have gained a little traction in some minds, so I want to make sure there is no misunderstanding. Lest anyone should be tempted to think, or is perhaps sincerely wondering, whether most systems in the human body can be "completely explained by chemistry," the following simple application of logic is immensely helpful in cutting through the clutter: Let's take some perfectly ordinary feature of the human body, any of a thousand things. Forget the staggering complexity of the eye. Forget gene expression and translation for a moment. Take a simple anatomical feature we never give a second thought to. Say, your nose. Now, someone might claim that your nose was formed automatically, purely as a "result of chemistry." We might be tempted to give this some credence at first blush. We might not know much about how the nose forms. Maybe we haven't studied particular aspects of the biochemical processes. We may even be ignorant of the various genes and protein products involved. Nevertheless, we can analyze, quite quickly and succinctly, whether your nose can be completely explained just by dumb chemistry. First, how did your nose come about? In very general terms, there were some cells which grew and multiplied, with the overall mass expanding in a particular direction. Fine. How did the cells know which way to expand? How does the overall shape come about? When do they know to stop expanding in that direction? Why are your nostrils pointed down, instead of up or sideways? Why does your nose have vertical symmetry, but not horizontal symmetry? None of this can be explained by chemistry alone. There is not a single principle of chemistry (or physics) that would dictate the number of cellular divisions, the direction of the growth, the particular shape and size, and so on. Almost every recognizable physical feature of something we take so completely for granted as our mundane nose was built on the basis of something other than just chemistry. Then we have the location of the nose. Why is it where it is, and why do you only have one of them, instead of somewhere else or all over the body? What controls the placement? Again, chemistry is operating everywhere in the embryo, so it certainly is not chemistry alone that dictates these things. Then we have, in addition to basic physical appearance, even more challenging aspects. Without making this comment too long, I list just a couple of aspects we can easily think of without breaking a sweat: (i) olfaction sensory cells in the nasal cavity, (ii) mucus cleansing systems, (iii) proper placement of cavities and passageways to other parts of the head, (iv) transmission of olfactory signals to the brain, and so on. Not a single one -- not a single one -- of these can be explained just on the basis of chemistry. AVS asked: "Can anyone come up with a process that occurs in the human body that isn’t completely explained through chemistry?" We should not be tempted to respond, "Well, yes, there is much that can be completely explained through chemistry, but there are a couple of very sophisticated systems that can't." No. In fact the situation is precisely the reverse. AVS has not provided a single example of anything in the human body that can be "completely explained through chemistry." (Please note, I am not taking the position that there isn't any such process of system. But they are going to be very few and far between.) A more interesting -- and useful -- question would be: "Can anyone name a process or system in the human body that can be completely explained by chemistry? And if so, what is it about such process or system that makes it different from the other thousands -- nay, tens of thousands -- of processes and systems that cannot be explained purely by reference to chemistry?"Eric Anderson
May 5, 2014
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AVS @94:
Again you are playing on the current knowledge gaps of science. the gaps will all be filled in and eventually and I am quite certain that we will be able to trace them all back to underlying chemical principles.
As my friends' old Russian idiom says, you have it: "Exactly Right. But Backwards." I am not playing on gaps in science. I am interested in what science does say, what it has shown. You, in contrast, are trading on hand-waving claims, empty promises about some future discovery, the wholly-absurd and demonstrably incorrect claim that underlying chemical principles can explain everything (which, by the way, is impossible, even in principle). You are the one staking your position on the absence of knowledge. I am firmly planting my position in the heart of the data, in the center of the evidence.
Anyways, as for your list, you do realize that DNA is just a chemical molecule right?
Seriously?Eric Anderson
May 5, 2014
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AVS: The reason for the difficulty in moving the discussion forward is the following: You do not understand the point of the questions I posed @67 and assert that they are irrelevant. They are highly relevant. Indeed, the issue underlying those questions is the issue at hand. You are incapable of even grasping the issue because you are stuck in the mental trap of thinking it is 'all just chemistry.' Ironically, that mental barrier, instead of giving you superior insight as you repeatedly proclaim, has blinded you to the issue at hand. A perfect example of a science-stopping attitude in action. It is a stultifying, stagnating, anti-science attitude.Eric Anderson
May 5, 2014
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As has been pointed out, the argument that chemistry "explains" anything is so stupid, it defies the imagination. First of all, ignoring QM, all chemistry can be "explained" by physics. But does physics really "explain" anything interesting outside of its domain? Can studying the laws of physics (as we currently understand them) explain the design of an excellent computer program, an intelligent conversation, kindness, Obamacare, the tax code, the history of the India, why anything exists at all, American foreign policy, the muppets, philosophy, and on and on. Sigh. -QQuerius
May 5, 2014
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AVS: Forgive me for using the word “messy,” I’m only trying to convey my thoughts in a way that you guys can all understand. =)
The cell is "messy" like a hive of bees is "messy." Or like Einstein's desk was "messy." Your lame attempt at characterization of a cell's highly directed and systematic internal functions is not fooling anyone. Do you have an agenda? At first glance one might get the idea that a hive of bees is a "messy" situation. However, it's the underlying biased, non-random systemic direction programmed in the proteins' function that renders the bees' marvelous effects. Are you trying to come off as a knucklehead?CentralScrutinizer
May 5, 2014
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Catching back up ... good grief. AVS is very likely to always equivocate between a) the material processes by which an object of interest operates, and b) the material processes that can explain the origin of that object. I see no indication that he is prepared to cease the equivocation - or even acknowledge the distinction. For instance, if I should ask AVS to explain the existence of a red plastic ball, he would most certainly describe the interactions of carbon and hydrogen -- neither of which has any capacity whatsoever to cause the plastic to form a sphere and dye itself red.Upright BiPed
May 5, 2014
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tee! hee! I think AVS means 'complexity' is not 'organised' because it's.. well... kinda 'random', like er.. 'messy, Barb... but is too embarrassed to use that word here. No, AVS, we use the word 'complex', in connection with the product of a rational mind. Otherwise it's just.. er.. kinda 'messy'. Or mebbe a 'jungle' or a 'maze'. 'Course, some people call some motorway junctions, 'Spaghetti Junction'. But that's just a love of the poetry of slang. But they're designed you see? No. Well. Never mind. Why don't you go and watch the television?Axel
May 5, 2014
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AVS: you do realize that DNA is just a chemical molecule right? We know its structure and and the function that arises from this structure.
See the video posted @97 Where did the information on the DNA molecule (the particular sequences) come from that not only can inform the creation of proteins, but even inform the creation of the very protein-based machines (ribosomes) that create all the proteins including themselves? It's like someone asking, "where did all the information come from to generate Windows when I boot up my computer?" And you answer, "well, you do realize, it's all just hardware and electricity. Metal, plastic, silicon, connected to a power source, etc. There's nothing else to explain." Of course DNA and proteins are chemicals. However, they are chemicals that interact and function in high specific ways depending on the instructions provided on the DNA which are ordered in highly specific sequences. The information problem is what is the source of the particular arrangement if nucleotides on the DNA that provide an extremely specific, stable, self-replication system? "But it's all just chemicals" doesn't answer that question. You must account for the origin of the specific ordering of those bases along the chain. I.e, the origin of the information that the ribosomes act upon. So far, Chance and Necessity is a wildly untenable approach. Do you have anything better? (Crickets)CentralScrutinizer
May 5, 2014
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To Evolve and his/her fellow travellers, here's a good primer video by Steven Meyers illustrating why it's not "just chemistry." Chemistry alone cannot explain the origin of information as found in DNA that generates functional proteins. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qWKPO5xLZ3oCentralScrutinizer
May 5, 2014
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Alright, thanks guys it's been fun as always! <3AVS
May 5, 2014
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Anyways, as for your list, the majority of these things can and have been explained by chemistry, at least Joe picked some specifics whereas you just threw some things against the wall to see what stuck, and you do realize that DNA is just a chemical molecule right? We know its structure and and the function that arises from this structure.AVS
May 5, 2014
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EA, for someone who likes to tell me so much that I don't understand the question at hand, you sure don't understand the original question at hand. The original question was "what can't be explained by chemistry," not "what hasn't science been able to completely explain." Again you are playing on the current knowledge gaps of science. the gaps will all be filled in and eventually and I am quite certain that we will be able to trace them all back to underlying chemical principles. Anyways, as for your list, you do realize that DNA is just a chemical molecule right? We know its structure and and the function that arises from this structure. Of course I'm not grasping the issue at hand, because with every comment, you are twisting exactly what the issue is at hand. You twist words around and conflate my arguments, while making your own arguments that are nonsensical.AVS
May 5, 2014
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AVS:
Ah yes, so you answered my question with another question. You’re quite the philosopher.
Again, you need to read more carefully. This is a fight to which you need to bring a scalpel, not a sledgehammer. I answered your question by pointing out that you have it exactly backwards. There is scarcely a system that is explainable solely on the basis of chemistry. I didn't bother to give you specific examples because you will just reject them and I was hoping you would reconsider your absurdly-broad generalization. However, just to avoid you running back to your silly question and side-tracking the real issues, yet again, if you need examples of systems in the human body that are not "completely explained" by chemistry, just open up any textbook. Let's see, systems that aren't explained by mere chemistry (flipping open my book to a random page): nerve cells, myofilaments in muscle fibers, location of tendon attachments to bone, three-dimensional placement of the vertebrae in the spinal column, production of blood cells, DNA, the process of cell division, and on and on . . .
Everything that occurs in the cell operates according to chemistry and can be explained with chemistry. You’re “exceedingly simple and straightforward questions” are useless in a conversation about biology. You really cannot compare the processes of biology to inanimate objects at this level.
Again, you are confused by what the word "explains" means. It does not mean "operates in accordance with." The reason I gave you those very simple questions is because you are apparently still not grasping the issues we are even talking about. I was hoping you would be able to start at the beginning. AVS, you have not participated very long here at UD. You are of course welcome to participate. But in the short time you have been here, I can't even count the number of times you have made a blanket claim or slipped in an implied reference to the fact that you know so much science while the rest of us know so little science. Unfortunately, on many occasions, including on this thread, despite your bluster about exceptional knowledge, you have not only not been able to properly address the issues at hand, you have demonstrated, as on this thread, that you don't even realize what the issues are. As I said, take some time and think through the issues. Answer the simple questions I gave (and a hundred similar ones that could be asked by anyone willing to observe the world around them), and you may start to have a grasp of what is being discussed. If after that you still disagree with ID or think you have another answer, fine. At least then you'll know what is being discussed and can provide a coherent response, rather than bouncing around between pronouncements of your scientific superiority, irrelevant statements, and outright wrong assertions.Eric Anderson
May 5, 2014
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As I said barb, I never argued against complexity. This does not argue for organization though. The scientists you quoted were speaking about complexity, not organization. Everything you say is based on the idea that complexity and organization is the same thing. They are not.AVS
May 5, 2014
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Who said there aren’t adverse effects in these reactions? In fact a number of reactions in the cell do pose a threat to cell viability; the cell just has ways of dealing with them.
Which implies complexity and organization. Are you trying to make my point for me? The cell is highly complex, but extremely disordered at the molecular level, all those scientists would agree with me on that. I quoted two who didn't. Show me where you're right and they are wrong.
You can quote mine all you want, Barb. You still have no idea what you are talking about.
I'm not quote mining anybody. Do the scientists I quoted have no idea what they're talking about? What about the book I linked to? Is it wrong? How so? Try actually answering the questions instead of just ignoring them.Barb
May 5, 2014
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Thank you BA, please stick to that book from now on as it's obviously the only one you've ever read.AVS
May 5, 2014
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Joe, the aaRS recognizes certain differences in the tRNA molecule and catalyzes amino acid addition. This is how the majority of enzymes work. Just another example of the chemistry at work. "This only works in a design scenario," yes of course it does Joe, thank you, anything else intelligent to add? That has nothing to do with what you said? It's pretty much the opposite of what you said, because you were wrong. "it is the processes of the subunits that are unrelated from a purely physiochemical stand point"AVS
May 5, 2014
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Forgive me for using the word "messy," I'm only trying to convey my thoughts in a way that you guys can all understand. =) Overall, though, messy is a decent description of what goes on in the cell. As I said, molecules have a specific function that is presented to you in a book, but at the same time that molecule can have many other effects in the cell, and these functions can either be minor, inhibitory of other cell processes, or downright deadly to the cell.AVS
May 5, 2014
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Okie Dokie, how about this verse? Matthew 10:15 If any household or town refuses to welcome you or listen to your message, shake its dust from your feet as you leave. Truly I tell you, it will be more bearable for Sodom and Gomorrah on the day of judgment than for that town.bornagain77
May 5, 2014
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AVS:
But what about the rest of the tRNA molecule, Joe? Is the rest of it the same? No it’s not.
So somehow that rest of the molecule tells the tail what to pick up? Only in a design scenario. Thank you. BTW the alleged evolution of the system is pure fantasy.
The coupling of Hydrogen ion passage and ATP synthesis is actually purely physiochemical.
That has nothing to do with what I said.Joe
May 5, 2014
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Who said there aren’t adverse effects in these reactions? In fact a number of reactions in the cell do pose a threat to cell viability; the cell just has ways of dealing with them. And no, complexity and organization are two very different things. The cell is highly complex, but extremely disordered at the molecular level, all those scientists would agree with me on that. You can quote mine all you want, Barb. You still have no idea what you are talking about.AVS
May 5, 2014
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Eric Anderson @ 83: I agree, which is why I sought out quotes from scientists who are familiar with cell biology and biochemistry. Calling a cell "simple" or "disorganized" is 19th century thinking.Barb
May 5, 2014
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Barb @70:
Chemical reactions that are reversible and simultaneous is evidence of disorganization. But if all those chemical reactions are occurring simultaneously without disruption to the cell’s other workings and without destroying the cell, isn’t that organization?
AVS is playing off of the word "organization". Let's not fall into the same trap. The question is not -- primarily -- about "organization." A crystal is organized. The structure of particles in a rock can be organized. A series of biochemical molecules repeating one after the other is organized. The issue is specification. AVS needs to realize that there is something unique about the way things are "organized", the particular specified subset of "organization" in the cell. He is not looking that deeply into the topic. His comment about organization betrays a simplistic "ordered" vs. "messy" view of the cell. There is no question the cell operates with an extremely high level of specified complexity. However, does the tremendous activity and flood of ongoing chemical reactions in the cell look messy? Perhaps yes, at a superficial glancs. That is the level AVS is operating on.Eric Anderson
May 5, 2014
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BA, do you think people still take you seriously when you try to talk about science? Just leave us some more copy/paste BS and a few verse/music hallelujahs and be on your way. Thanks!AVS
May 5, 2014
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AVS continues,
Because these things are not killing the cell, Barb, they are therefore organized? Did you ask a toddler for help with that idea?
No, but I read your post beforehand. Does that count? Explain to me how multiple chemical reactions happening simultaneously without adverse effects to the organism is evidence of high disorganization.
Did I say the cell wasn’t complex? No. I said it is highly disordered.
And you are conflating complexity with organization. If something is complex, doesn't that imply organization? Simple would imply disorganization.
Barb, you really have no idea what you are talking about. Do yourself a favor and stop.
So the scientists and the book I quoted/linked to are all wrong? Care to provide proof of that? Because they all disagree with you, and I'm pretty sure there are more knowledgeable people in the field of biochemistry than you.Barb
May 5, 2014
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AVS, contrary to what you may believe, quantum entanglement IS NOT reducible to mere chemistry! Have you ever heard of quantum non-locality before? If you have proof that non-local quantum entanglement is reducible to mere chemistry there are hundreds, if not thousands, of quantum physicists that would like to talk to you.bornagain77
May 5, 2014
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