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Sanford’s pro-ID thesis supported by PNAS paper, read it and weep, literally

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Cornell Geneticist John Sanford argued that Darwinism is wrong because the rate of genetic deterioration is so high that natural selection could not arrest it. If natural selection cannot arrest genetic deterioration, how then could it be the mechanism for evolutionary improvement?

Sanford predicted through his research that human genome is deteriorating. This was a daring scientific prediction, and now Michael Lynch of the elite National Academy published on the topic for his inaugural paper. The NAS has now made the paper available to the public free of charge.

Read it, and weep, literally:
Rate, Molecular Spectrum, and Consequences of Human Mutation

Unfortunately, it has become increasingly clear that most of the mutation load is associated with mutations with very small effects distributed at unpredictable locations over the entire genome, rendering the prospects for long-term management of the human gene pool by genetic counseling highly unlikely for all but perhaps a few hundred key loci underlying debilitating monogenic genetic disorders (such as those focused on in the present study).

Thus, the preceding observations paint a rather stark picture. At least in highly industrialized societies, the impact of deleterious mutations is accumulating on a time scale that is approximately the same as that for scenarios associated with global warming—perhaps not of great concern over a span of one or two generations, but with very considerable consequences on time scales of tens of generations. Without a reduction in the germline transmission of deleterious mutations, the mean phenotypes of the residents of industrialized nations are likely to be rather different in just two or three centuries, with significant incapacitation at the morphological, physiological, and neurobiological levels.

HT: T. lise

Comments
AMW & Graham, their 'artificial' limit to 'just industrialized' nations is false for the principle of Genetic Entropy extends to all life forms: Evolution vs. Genetic Entropy - video http://www.metacafe.com/watch/4028086 Natural selection is powerless to remove slightly detrimental (recessive) mutations from genomes until they express themselves, yet once they express themselves in a population it is far to late for by then they have spread far into the population: Contamination of the genome by very slightly deleterious mutations: why have we not died 100 times over? Kondrashov A.S. http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/ap/jt/1995/00000175/00000004/art00167 The Frailty of the Darwinian Hypothesis "The net effect of genetic drift in such (vertebrate) populations is “to encourage the fixation of mildly deleterious mutations and discourage the promotion of beneficial mutations,” http://www.evolutionnews.org/2009/07/the_frailty_of_the_darwinian_h.html#more High genomic deleterious mutation rates in hominids Excerpt: Furthermore, the level of selective constraint in hominid protein-coding sequences is atypically (unusually) low. A large number of slightly deleterious mutations may therefore have become fixed in hominid lineages. http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v397/n6717/abs/397344a0.html High Frequency of Cryptic Deleterious Mutations in Caenorhabditis elegans ( Esther K. Davies, Andrew D. Peters, Peter D. Keightley) "In fitness assays, only about 4 percent of the deleterious mutations fixed in each line were detectable. The remaining 96 percent, though cryptic, are significant for mutation load...the presence of a large class of mildly deleterious mutations can never be ruled out." http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/abstract/285/5434/1748 As well, the slow accumulation of 'slightly detrimental mutations' in humans, that is 'slightly detrimental mutations' which are far below the power of natural selection to remove from our genomes, is revealed by this following fact: “When first cousins marry, their children have a reduction of life expectancy of nearly 10 years. Why is this? It is because inbreeding exposes the genetic mistakes within the genome (slightly detrimental recessive mutations) that have not yet had time to “come to the surface”. Inbreeding is like a sneak preview, or foreshadowing, of where we are going to be genetically as a whole as a species in the future. The reduced life expectancy of inbred children reflects the overall aging of the genome that has accumulated thus far, and reveals the hidden reservoir of genetic damage that have been accumulating in our genomes." Sanford; Genetic Entropy; page 147 The following gave evidence for genetic entropy being obeyed over 10's of millions of years for 'ancient' bacteria that had been revived: In reply to a personal e-mail from myself, Dr. Cano commented on the 'Fitness Test' I had asked him about: Dr. Cano stated: "We performed such a test, a long time ago, using a panel of substrates (the old gram positive biolog panel) on B. sphaericus. From the results we surmised that the putative "ancient" B. sphaericus isolate was capable of utilizing a broader scope of substrates. Additionally, we looked at the fatty acid profile and here, again, the profiles were similar but more diverse in the amber isolate.": Fitness test which compared ancient bacteria to its modern day descendants, RJ Cano and MK Borucki Thus, the most solid evidence available for the most ancient DNA scientists are able to find does not support evolution happening on the molecular level of bacteria. In fact, according to the fitness test of Dr. Cano, the change witnessed in bacteria conforms to the exact opposite, Genetic Entropy; a loss of functional information/complexity, since fewer substrates and fatty acids are utilized by the modern strains. Considering the intricate level of protein machinery it takes to utilize individual molecules within a substrate, we are talking an impressive loss of protein complexity, and thus loss of functional information, from the ancient amber sealed bacteria. Here is a revisit to the video of the 'Fitness Test' that evolutionary processes have NEVER passed as for a demonstration of the generation of functional complexity/information above what was already present in a parent species bacteria: As far as Graham's 'distaste' for Bible quotes, perhaps Graham would do well to take the Bible a little more seriously!?!: The best data we have [concerning the Big Bang] are exactly what I would have predicted, had I nothing to go on but the five books of Moses, the Psalms, the bible as a whole. Dr. Arno Penzias, Nobel Laureate in Physics - co-discoverer of the Cosmic Background Radiation - as stated to the New York Times on March 12, 1978 The Origin of Science Excerpt: Modern science is not only compatible with Christianity, it in fact finds its origins in Christianity. http://www.columbia.edu/cu/augustine/a/science_origin.htmlbornagain77
October 1, 2010
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To AMW: my thoughts exactly. But it is a nice chance to produce yet more bible quotes.Graham
October 1, 2010
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Did anyone here (posting author included) read any part of the paper other than the snippet that was posted? Because the article is clearly saying that the reason the human genome is deteriorating is because advances in wealth and technology have substantially relaxed selection pressure against mildly deleterious mutations (That's why it specifies that the problem will lie in industrialized societies.) Without much selection pressure, those mutations can build up in the gene pool, putting future generations of the population at risk. There is absolutely no conflict between those findings and the Theory of Evolution.AMW
September 30, 2010
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I wonder, has Sanford only predicted the deterioration of the human genome, or of all life? They appear to be two separate issues with humans making such great advances in medicine; we are able to care for medical issues that would generally lead to death in any other species (except for pets, to an extent). I definitely don't think it was even possible that natural evolution created biology, and I also believe natural evolution on its own would lead to the slow destruction of life (although I'm less certain of that than its creative limitations). But I don't think it automatically follows that all of life WILL inevitably decay to destruction. I know a few here will disagree, but it appears that whatever creative process that created life (whether its a complex front-loaded genetic mechanism, mindfully controlled quantum mechanism, or something else) has been doing so for millions of years. Assuming or predicting that all of life is decaying to oblivion assumes that this creative process has suddenly ceased, or that it has not been active since the beginning (i.e. young Earth creationism). Personally, I don't find either of those positions very convincing. I do think industrialized humans are in trouble without great advances in genetic control (which I expect to come over the next century), but I think that whatever process created life (which I believe to be intelligent) will continue to preserve and develop it. I'd love to hear and contemplate other ideas or interpretations, though, especially considering that I'm not an expert (not that that should lead to dogma or arguments from authority, which are epidemics on the Darwinian side of this debate).uoflcard
September 30, 2010
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Well scordova thanks for this paper. The honesty of the paper is refreshing even if the conclusion is very sad,,,, and even though Genetic Entropy is truly sad for us, in that we truly are, as a race, relentlessly deteriorating towards extinction (and in fact all life on earth and even the entire cosmos itself is under the relentless grip of entropy), the big picture is not so sad as the 'natural future' of the universe and life in it would seem to indicate: Romans 8:18-21 I consider that our present sufferings are not worth comparing with the glory that will be revealed in us. The creation waits in eager expectation for the sons of God to be revealed. For the creation was subjected to frustration, not by its own choice, but by the will of the one who subjected it, in hope that the creation itself will be liberated from its bondage to decay and brought into the glorious freedom of the children of God. further notes: A 'flat universe', which is actually another surprising very finely-tuned 'coincidence' of the universe, means this universe, left to its own present course of accelerating expansion due to Dark Energy, will continue to expand forever, thus fulfilling the thermodynamic equilibrium of the second law to its fullest extent (entropic 'Heat Death' of the universe). The Future of the Universe Excerpt: After all the black holes have evaporated, (and after all the ordinary matter made of protons has disintegrated, if protons are unstable), the universe will be nearly empty. Photons, neutrinos, electrons and positrons will fly from place to place, hardly ever encountering each other. It will be cold, and dark, and there is no known process which will ever change things. --- Not a happy ending. http://spiff.rit.edu/classes/phys240/lectures/future/future.html Psalm 102:25-27 Of old You laid the foundation of the earth, And the heavens are the work of Your hands. They will perish, but You will endure; Yes, they will all grow old like a garment; Like a cloak You will change them, And they will be changed. But You are the same, And Your years will have no end. Big Rip Excerpt: The Big Rip is a cosmological hypothesis first published in 2003, about the ultimate fate of the universe, in which the matter of universe, from stars and galaxies to atoms and subatomic particles, are progressively torn apart by the expansion of the universe at a certain time in the future. Theoretically, the scale factor of the universe becomes infinite at a finite time in the future. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Rip Thermodynamic Argument Against Evolution - Thomas Kindell - video http://www.metacafe.com/watch/4168488 entire video: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MV3WWDfGsX4 Does God Exist? The End Of Christianity - Finding a Good God in an Evil World - video http://www.metacafe.com/watch/4007708bornagain77
September 30, 2010
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