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The Argument from Evil is Absurd

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Jerry and I are having a constructive exchange on the problem of evil.  My argument starts when Jerry asks me to define “good.”

Jerry, the issue is not how one would define “good” in any particular situation.  The issue is whether it is possible to define good in a way that is not grounded in subjective preferences.  The only way to do that is if there is some objective standard of good.  Such an objective standard would necessarily stand over and above all men’s subjective preferences.  The character of God is advanced as the source of that objective standard. 

The argument goes like this:

The good is that which is consistent with the objective transcendent standard grounded in the character of God.

Evil is the privation of the good.

Evil exists. 

Therefore, the good, of which evil is the privation, also exists.

Therefore, an objective transcendent standard grounded in the character of God exists.

Therefore, God exists. 

Thus, as Vivid has noted, the existence of evil – if the word “evil” means anything other than “that which I do not subjectively prefer” — is powerful evidence for the existence of God.

This all boils down this: Objective evil exists only if objective good exists. Objective good exits only if God exists. Objective evil exists. Therefore, God exists.

Now this does not necessarily mean that evil in the objective sense (i.e., the privation of the transcendent standard grounded in God’s character) exists.  It may be that “evil” means nothing except “that which I do not subjectively prefer.”  And if evil in the objective sense does not exist, the argument for the existence of God from the existence of evil (which implies the existence of objective good) never gets off the ground.

BUT, the atheist argument from evil never gets off the ground either. This should be plain from the my other post to which you have already alluded. 

If you use your definition and not use the word evil but the phrase,. “privation of the good” then you will end up with nonsensical arguments.

False.  One may agree or disagree with the argument I set forth above.  It is not nonsensical. 

But they [i.e., atheists] think their version of evil does exists and will point to examples.

It is certainly correct that all sane people, including atheists, understand that evil exists.  That is why I am constantly saying that no sane person lives their life as if materialism is true. 

So the standoff is to use logic to show that their definition is meaningless in the context of what the Christian God promise. That is what I am doing.

The challenge is to show that the atheist’s definition of evil is incoherent in any context.  And I have done that in the prior post.

I doubt your definition, which come from Augustine, will win many converts because it does not sync with the typical atheist’s use of the term. 

I advance arguments.  The arguments stand or fall based on whether they are grounded in logic and evidence.  A sound argument is sound regardless of whether it results in “converts.” 

Yes, my definition of evil does not sync with the typical atheist’s use of the term.  My project is to point out that when the typical atheist uses the term, they invariably do so in a way that is incoherent.  By this I mean that they invariably argue that God, if he exists, has “done evil thing X” or “allowed evil thing X to happen,” and since God would not do that, God does not exist.  The problem is that for the argument to work, “evil thing X” must actually be objectively evil.  And for the atheist “evil thing X” means “that which the atheist does not subjectively prefer.”  And it is incoherent to argue “God does not exist because he does not arrange affairs in a way I subjectively prefer.” 

The theodicy argument breaks down because [atheist’s] version of evil is meaningless.

If by the “theodicy argument” you mean “the argument from evil,” we agree.

 But I doubt atheists would accept your definition of evil.

Of course, their premises preclude them from accepting my definition.

So how can you claim that their argument is incoherent based on it.

Perhaps “incoherent” is the wrong word.  Absurd is probably better.  To argue that God does not exist on the ground that he does not arrange affairs in a way I subjectively prefer is not incoherent.  All one has to do is advance the following syllogism:

Major Premise:  If God exists, he would prevent evil (defined as “that which I do not subjectively prefer) from happening.

Minor Premise: Things that I do not subjectively prefer happen all the time.

Conclusion:  Therefore, God does not exist.

The argument is not incoherent.  Rather, it is based on an absurd major premise. 

Do you have evidence that atheists use your definition?

You raise an interesting point.  When they argue from the problem of evil, atheists implicitly use my (i.e., Augustine’s) definition of evil.  Otherwise, as anyone who thinks about it for two seconds can see, the argument is absurd (see the absurd syllogism above).  What does this mean?  It means that atheists cannot adhere consistently to their own premises.  And that is not surprising (no sane person . . .).  Instead, as is often the case, they reject the existence of objective evil while smuggling that very thing in through the back door when they argue from the “problem of evil.”

Comments
Sev,
What theists seem to have difficulty in grasping is that atheists feel no hostility towards God since they regard Him as being as much a fictional character
There is hostility somewhere in there; just read Bradley's argument or visit PZ Meyer's site. Maybe it's hostility at a concept, but it is hostility in any case.EDTA
March 17, 2022
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"Denying the existence of something you don’t believe exists does not require hostility, just a statement of belief." Sev, Prolly doesn't require hostility, but the hostility is still there. Andrewasauber
March 17, 2022
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Denying the existence of something you don't believe exists does not require hostility, just a statement of belief.Seversky
March 17, 2022
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"No, they don’t." Hostile enough to deny His existence. Hostile enough to troll ID blogs. Andrewasauber
March 17, 2022
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No, they don't.Seversky
March 17, 2022
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"atheists feel no hostility towards God" Sev, Yes, they do. Andrewasauber
March 17, 2022
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Jerry: "The magic word used this way would be laughed at by the atheists. Is that what you want?" You made Atheists relevant to the discussion. Andrewasauber
March 17, 2022
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What theists seem to have difficulty in grasping is that atheists feel no hostility towards God since they regard Him as being as much a fictional character as Emperor Palpatine or the Dark Lord Sauron. The hostility trope is just theists attempt to explain to themselves why atheists don't share their beliefs.Seversky
March 17, 2022
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I think what Jerry is missing is that Atheists’ hostility towards God precedes this or that definition of Evil
This has zero to do with anything I am saying or care about. The issue is the actual argument itself. So why make things up? Interesting is the continual misrepresentation and zero interest in understanding. The target of the argument has always been those who are not atheists. I’m showing why this argument is built on fallacies.jerry
March 17, 2022
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I think what Jerry is missing is that Atheists' hostility towards God precedes this or that definition of Evil. Jerry might think his idea of how evil should be defined or not defined at all could or would diminish or remove this hostility. That's an extremely naive thing to think. Andrewasauber
March 17, 2022
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never included natural evil under the ‘perversion of the good’
But it is natural evil that is at the heart of the argument from evil. Interesting thing is that some believe I am attacking their cherished beliefs when in fact I am strengthening them. They just won't read or address what is being argued.jerry
March 17, 2022
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I never included natural evil under the 'perversion of the good' category...EDTA
March 16, 2022
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God will ask us about our own sins not about the sins of others , not about the sins of atheists , etc. Our own sins are the biggest evil in the world. Here you have the definition of evil.Sandy
March 16, 2022
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I think Jerry is letting that agenda influence his thinking about this
Another aspersion without foundation. My thinking about this is on record for over 15 years without anyone able to challenge it other than essentially, “I don’t like it.” I have left a very detailed forensic trail on purpose.jerry
March 16, 2022
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SA, "They should not set the agenda." Indeed. I think Jerry is letting that agenda influence his thinking about this. Andrewasauber
March 16, 2022
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Of course. Atheists position everything that way or they couldn’t and wouldn’t be Atheists
A little background: This started with a reference to someone named Bradley who was making an argument for atheism based on the obvious presence of evil. I doubt he was using a definition “perversion of the good” as the basis for his argument of what is evil. Second, most Christians believe in Evolution by natural means and have signed on natural mechanisms for OOL as well. One reason is it absolves God for the origin of evil. But events such as the 1755 Lisbon earthquake refutes a lot of their beliefs and causes a lot of consternation and loss of beliefs. Their idea of evil was bad things happening to people. So using a definition of “perversion of the good” gets you no where and leads to all sorts of inconsistencies as I have pointed out. I will continue to stress these obvious issues which people here refuse to address. But when people continue to make personal aspersions rather than address the actual issue has always been a loosing argument.jerry
March 16, 2022
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KF In defining good, also from the metaphysical level - God is the only non-contingent being. Therefore, on the scale of perfection, He is perfect Being with no defect. That's the supreme good. So, we can align good with Being. It's the same with Truth - which is aligned perfectly with God. Creatures in their temporal life on earth have defects. These defects are removed when they are united with God in heaven. So, even though they are contingent upon God, in heaven they are "completely good" because they fulfill what they were created for.Silver Asiatic
March 16, 2022
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"used in ways that atheist use to undermine the existence of God" Jerry, Of course. Atheists position everything that way or they couldn't and wouldn't be Atheists. Andrewasauber
March 16, 2022
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Ask yourself, why so many are uncomfortable with even identifying a concept of evil.
But yet you and others never answer anything I say. Why? What have I said that is untrue? Nothing! Your responses are long and incoherent. When I point out that they support what I say you do not respond to that. You go off on some other tangent which is hard to decipher. What is it that some feel so threatening. I espouse nothing that is not part of Christian theology. I just point to the use of a word which has no consistent meaning but is used in ways that atheist use to undermine the existence of God. And for that I am attacked by several. I find this ironic from those who call themselves Christian.jerry
March 16, 2022
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PPS, I see the defining of the good is something hard to find online, a bad sign for what our day is like, one can find discussion of evil far more than discussion of the good. Okay, let's do a rough cut:
good or goodness first speaks to moral and/or aesthetic perfection and/or purity or the approach thereto, includes beneficence [and especially loving compassion and generosity], can express fitness or aptness for purpose, exemplary state or conduct or performance, or can relate to things or states of affairs that reflect such and related things. A good mango tree gives good fruit, often in this region the Julie is the standard of perfection or at least of reference; though I take the Bombay as preferable absent the defect of being thin skinned and prone to wrigglers (hence the eat it in the dark joke). A good tool is apt to carry out a job effectively if rightly used. A good island is happily situated, well watered, lush, has wonderful beaches etc. A good person is of exemplary conduct; Jesus of Nazareth is perhaps the generally accepted yardstick. A good God is one who is supreme in perfections and especially in moral excellence and generous beneficence, letting his rain fall on the just and the unjust, etc. A good creature is moving towards fulfillment of its due ends, especially where that is more than the mere common average. And much more. We here see that yardstick examples help us flesh out our concept and this then controls discussion as what cuts across key cases will be error.
Notice, good vs evil brings in the issue of purpose, achievement or progress towards that, and even perfection, purity, beneficence, example and more.kairosfocus
March 16, 2022
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Jerry, no. The classic understanding that evil is a parasitical distortion, frustration, perversion, privation of the good out of its due and often naturally evident end, is antecedent to its chaotic consequences or repulsiveness etc. That classic understanding identifies that evil is not a primary entity that you can order by the boxcar load etc. It is instead, a failing to be aligned with due end, which then leads to recognising that due ends are embedded in our world. Thus, we see a way to recognise the good. Yes, we can and do recognise the evil from its chaotic and destructive, repulsive consequences -- famously in a form of the Categorical imperative, or from capital cases in point such as Nazism and Communism as they played out in living memory then from family resemblance and from seeing degrees and escalations, but that is different from identifying its substantial nature. this is not merely about word usage, we are dealing here with the is-ought gap as enconscienced creatures, where that gap can only be properly and effectively bridged in the root of reality. KF PS, observe SEP:
Since World War II, moral, political, and legal philosophers have become increasingly interested in the concept of evil. This interest has been partly motivated by ascriptions of ‘evil’ by laymen, social scientists, journalists, and politicians as they try to understand and respond to various atrocities and horrors, such as genocides, terrorist attacks, mass murders, and tortures and killing sprees by psychopathic serial killers. It seems that we cannot capture the moral significance of these actions and their perpetrators by calling them ‘wrong’ or ‘bad’ or even ‘very very wrong’ or ‘very very bad.’ We need the concept of evil. To avoid confusion, it is important to note that there are at least two concepts of evil: a broad concept and a narrow concept. The broad concept picks out any bad state of affairs, wrongful action, or character flaw. The suffering of a toothache is evil in the broad sense as is a white lie. Evil in the broad sense has been divided into two categories: natural evil and moral evil. Natural evils are bad states of affairs which do not result from the intentions or negligence of moral agents. Hurricanes and toothaches are examples of natural evils. By contrast, moral evils do result from the intentions or negligence of moral agents. Murder and lying are examples of moral evils. Evil in the broad sense, which includes all natural and moral evils, tends to be the sort of evil referenced in theological contexts, such as in discussions of the problem of evil. The problem of evil is the problem of accounting for evil in a world created by an all-powerful, all-knowing, all-good God. It seems that if the creator has these attributes, there would be no evil in the world. But there is evil in the world. Thus, there is reason to believe that an all-powerful, all-knowing, all-good creator does not exist. In contrast to the broad concept of evil, the narrow concept of evil picks out only the most morally despicable sorts of actions, characters, events, etc. As Marcus Singer puts it “‘evil’ [in this sense] … is the worst possible term of opprobrium imaginable” (Singer 2004, 185). Since the narrow concept of evil involves moral condemnation, it is appropriately ascribed only to moral agents and their actions . . . . Evil-skeptics believe we should abandon the concept of evil. On this view we can more accurately, and less perniciously, understand and describe morally despicable actions, characters, and events using more pedestrian moral concepts such as badness and wrongdoing. By contrast, evil-revivalists believe that the concept of evil has a place in our moral and political thinking and discourse. On this view, the concept of evil should be revived, not abandoned (see Russell 2006 and 2007). Someone who believes that we should do away with moral discourse altogether could be called a moral-skeptic or a moral nihilist. Evil-skepticism is not as broad. Evil-skeptics believe the concept of evil is particularly problematic and should be abandoned while other moral concepts, such as right, wrong, good, and bad, are worth keeping. Evil-skeptics give three main reasons to abandon the concept of evil: (1) the concept of evil involves unwarranted metaphysical commitments to dark spirits, the supernatural, or the devil; (2) the concept of evil is useless because it lacks explanatory power; and (3) the concept of evil can be harmful or dangerous when used in moral, political, and legal contexts, and so, it should not be used in those contexts, if at all.
Ask yourself, why so many are uncomfortable with even identifying a concept of evil.kairosfocus
March 16, 2022
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Andrew
I’m not sure why you think Atheists (of all people) should determine word usage. Or why you think getting laughed at must be avoided. You are way off track here, Jerry.
That's a direct hit on the target - nice job. We don't change the definitions of words because atheists don't like them. They should not set the agenda. Classic arguments for the existence of God and for an understanding of evil are solid. Many atheists convert to Christianity and they realize that. We'll talk in circles and tie our heads in knots trying to say that "there is no evil".Silver Asiatic
March 16, 2022
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"What I am. doing is making their arguments look stupid." Jerry, No you're not. Andrewasauber
March 16, 2022
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"Your appeals as I said supports the atheists." Jerry, I don't think so. But you seem to be trying to appease Atheist sensibilities for some reason. Andrewasauber
March 16, 2022
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I’m pointing to Christianity.
And yet I am trying to justify the Christian God who created this world with a zillion unwanted events/things. And this would include the Lisbon Earthquake. Your appeals as I said supports the atheists. I am trying to undermine them.
I don’t think so. But you seem to be trying to appease Atheist sensibilities for some reason
You got to be kidding. What I am. doing is making their arguments look stupid. How is that appeasing their sensibilities, by calling their objections nonsense. I will continue to do so.jerry
March 16, 2022
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"You offering nothing but opinions. Ok but not justified by anything." Jerry, I'm not offering mere opinion. I'm pointing to Christianity. Andrewasauber
March 16, 2022
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"The magic word used this way would be laughed at by the atheists." Jerry, I'm not sure why you think Atheists (of all people) should determine word usage. Or why you think getting laughed at must be avoided. You are way off track here, Jerry. Andrewasauber
March 16, 2022
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seems to me you are denying there is real evil at work here in everyday life in
You just used the magic word in a completely different way. The magic word used this way would be laughed at by the atheists. Is that what you want? They would just say your God did that, not some invisible bogey man or what they would affirm is that it all just happened naturally. Then you say something completely unrelated.
Yes, and we can never do it perfectly, as human beings. But God did give us a framework to perceive and evaluate and respond to undesired events with the elimination of them and providing much more desirable events/things in their place. That’s what Christianity is for
God made a world of a zillion imperfects. Why? Every time a reason for this gets put forward it gets ignored or denied. Nobody wants to discuss it. An by the way, I in no way deny the presence of Satan. But invoking that gets nowhere. Better yet, point out there must be undesirable events for some reason. But these events are always limited, even the killing of millions.
You are way off track here
You offering nothing but opinions. Ok but not justified by anything.jerry
March 16, 2022
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"We can all try to rank these unwanted events." Jerry, Yes, and we can never do it perfectly, as human beings. But God did give us a framework to perceive and evaluate and respond to evil with good. That's what Christianity is for. Andrewasauber
March 16, 2022
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"What am I denying?" Jerry, It seems to me you are denying there is real evil at work here in everyday life in the universe. If you don't actually think that, it seems to me you are just playing word games. Andrewasauber
March 16, 2022
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