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The bionic antinomy of Darwinism

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Do you remember when I said “when a thing is untrue, if we say it is true we get contradictions” (The Darwinism contradiction of repair systems)? Here I will deal with another contradiction of Darwinism: that we could name its “bionic antinomy”.

According to Wikipedia “Bionics (also known as biomimetics, bio-inspiration, biognosis, biomimicry, or bionical creativity engineering) is the application of biological methods and systems found in nature to the study and design of engineering systems and modern technology.” In fact, whether we analyze the history of technology, we find how often technical innovations and systems take inspiration from natural models. For some of the more recent examples of biomimetics see The 15 Coolest Cases of Biomimicry. This article synthetically defines bionics as “biologically inspired engineering”.

Bionics divides in sub-fields. For example, robotics, cybernetics and Artificial Intelligence try even to simulate the human body and mind. By the way these research fields are far from having achieved their long-term goal: to construct an artificial intelligent living being. These sub-fields of bionics, despite they are at the forefront of the technological advance, are those where the qualitative differences between artificial and natural systems are maximum. Matters of principle do exist that scientists never will succeed in such task of artificial creation of a true intelligent living being. Yes they will succeed to construct a robot simulating a human, but this robot will be neither really intelligent nor living. And less than less it will be a real “being” either. But this is another story…

The story herein is the strange phenomenon that happens when bionic and biological systems are put on the same table and compared. When a system “biologically inspired” to a certain biological system is considered in technology the terminology applied to it is engineering jargon (what else). When that biological system itself is considered in biology the terminology applied is purely Darwinian. For example, before the sonar of a submarine they say it is sophisticated engineering; before the sonar of a bat they say it is natural selection. This odd double standard always struck me.

What makes this double standard even more absurd is that, as noted above about robotics, the natural systems usually are more optimized and efficient than the equivalent artificial ones. For example, the bats have an echometer emitting 100 kHz supersonic pulses at a frequency of 30 times per second. These waves are reflected and distorted by the surrounding objects and their echoes are intercepted and elaborated by the bat to catch its prey and also just to get around. The signal processing of these echoes is so accurate to allow bats to fly, twisting, looping and zig-zagging through the air, into a completely dark room intersected by tens pianoforte strings without grazing them. The bat’s echometer has more accuracy, more efficiency, less power consumption and less size than any artificial sonar constructed by engineers. What … technological jewel! And many other wonderful examples could be considered in nature.

Let’s try to formalize somehow as a very logic antinomy the double standard situation described above.

(1) Intelligence is what creates and optimizes artificial systems by inserting complex specified information into them. Intelligence is the unique source of CSI.
(2) Bionic systems are fully created by intelligence. Say B the CSI of a bionic system, B > 0.
(3) A bionic system is less efficient than the similar natural system (say N its CSI). Then B < N.
(4) Natural systems are not created by intelligence, then N = 0. This is the fundamental axiom of Darwinian evolution: natural systems seem to be designed by intelligence but it is an illusion only.
(5) From #3 (B < N) and #4 (N = 0) we have B < 0.
(6) From #2 and #5 we have in the same time B > 0 and B < 0, i.e. an absurdum.

The above reasoning logically proves that the evolutionist double standard is a very antinomy. In all logic antinomies there is at least a premise that is untrue. I am sure the UD readers will have no difficulty to discover that the false premise is #4, indeed the Darwinian main hypothesis (all species arose by unintelligent natural processes).
There is a teaching for evolutionists here (as in all other contradictions of Darwinism), simply they cannot have it both ways: biological systems undesigned and their artificial clones designed. Since they cannot deny design in artificial clones, they should resign themselves to consider as designed their biological archetypes too.

Comments
Nakashima, It isn't the survival that is in question. It is the ARRIVAL that is in question. Sure once something works it can be kept. But the point is what brought it into being? What mutational accumulation can take a shrew-like organism and "make" a bat-like organism? How can we test that such a transformation is even possible via mutational accumulation?Joseph
November 16, 2009
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Mr Mung, What would evolution do, not having any way to know that the two were even remotely related? Actually, flapping, breathing and calling are very related activities, since flapping is extremely aerobic and the muscles of flapping movements surround the lungs. Minimizing the energy costs of flying and finding food would strongly selected for by evolution.Nakashima
November 16, 2009
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mikev6
How did the designer create bat sonar?
I have no idea. I don't even know whether a designer (or more than one designer) created bat sonar. I'm agnostic on that question. But when you ask "how," which of Aristotle's four causes does the "how" question seek to answer?
If your answer is superior to the evidence in the echolocation article, that will go a long way towards convincing me that ID has merit.
There is no evidence in the echolocation article. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1919403/ It's primarily descriptive with a few obligatory nods towards evolution and natural selection tossed in, as if the lack of a prayer to the deity might be punished. Most of the article though, is design-centric. Imagine that. So I don't have a "theory of bat sonar echolocation creation" and you don't have a "theory of bat sonar echolocation creation" either (from which it follows that you have no evidence for your non-theory), so where does that leave us? You claim your lack of knowledge is superior to mine? lol!Mung
November 15, 2009
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If ID feels that science should make this extension, then you have to accept that science has this pesky habit of asking questions and demanding evidence, and will not be satisfied with “revealed knowledge” or accepting something on faith.
Science only has this "pesky habit" when it's not aimed at science itself. No wonder so many of us are skeptical. What is the scientific basis for empiricism and materialism?Mung
November 15, 2009
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mikev6 "The question of how the designer operates is (IMHO) far more interesting and important than just identification, and will be a requirement if ID really wants to replace Darwinism as the leading explanation for biodiversity." It's possible that the processes used by the creator, as some Christians have suggested, are no longer in operation or would be beyond our comprehension. If this is the case, we have little hope of ever discovering what those creative mechanisms were. Also, I would argue that, when taking a car engine apart, a lot is open to investigation, including the design and how it works, and we can study those without knowing the mind of the creator. Of course, to know the mind of the creator would be a wonderful thing, but we can detect design without knowing the designer. I heard someone else use the example of discovering an alien artifact on the backside of the moon. Making the leap that it was in fact an alien designed artifact would be the first order of business because of the implications involved. That we may never discover the perhaps long dead alien race who built it would be, at that point, unimportant. Of course, some of this would depend on the individual making the discovery. The Great Pyramid at Giza is interesting all by itself, but in that case I am more interested in the designers than what they actually built. In the case of creation, I am about equally interested in both.gleaner63
November 15, 2009
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gleaner63:
As far as I am able to understand ID, the ultimate thrust of it is not how something was designed but rather if it was designed. I am a typical backyard “shadetree” mechanic, and while design detection in that sense is easy, I work on plenty of stuff that I don’t *how* or by what method or manufacturing process it was produced/created.
This is a frequent point made by ID, but it strikes me as an artificial self-imposed limit that I find odd. My best analogy is to imagine if a geologist claimed that geology was the science of identifying rocks from other types of matter (animals, plants, etc). He could happily hike through the Rockies identifying rocks left and right without wondering how the mountains got there, and come back with minimal understanding the true nature of things. The question of how the designer operates is (IMHO) far more interesting and important than just identification, and will be a requirement if ID really wants to replace Darwinism as the leading explanation for biodiversity.mikev6
November 15, 2009
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gleaner63:
In your opinion, would you agree with the author of that article that “a claw”, “unspecialized teeth” and the other mentioned traits are actually “primitive”? I don’t see how they could be, since all of these traits appear up and down the fossil record regardless of the time frame involved. It sounds like a trilobite, “primitive” yet some of them had “complex” eyes.
My understanding is that "primitive" in this sense is in relation to modern bats only. I wouldn't call a claw "primitive" per se, if that's what you mean.mikev6
November 15, 2009
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mikev6 "How did the designer create bat sonar? As far as I am able to understand ID, the ultimate thrust of it is not how something was designed but rather if it was designed. I am a typical backyard "shadetree" mechanic, and while design detection in that sense is easy, I work on plenty of stuff that I don't *how* or by what method or manufacturing process it was produced/created.gleaner63
November 15, 2009
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Hi mikev6: "It closely resembled modern bats, but had some primitive traits. The tail was much longer and not connected to the hind legs with a skin membrane, the first wing finger bore a claw and the body was more flexible. Similarly, it had a full set of relatively unspecialised teeth, similar to those of a modern shrew." In your opinion, would you agree with the author of that article that "a claw", "unspecialized teeth" and the other mentioned traits are actually "primitive"? I don't see how they could be, since all of these traits appear up and down the fossil record regardless of the time frame involved. It sounds like a trilobite, "primitive" yet some of them had "complex" eyes.gleaner63
November 15, 2009
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Mung: How exactly is "evolved independently in several lineages of bats" not adhering to Darwinian predictions? Just curious. Perhaps you would care to respond to my question to bornagain77: How did the designer create bat sonar? If your answer is superior to the evidence in the echolocation article, that will go a long way towards convincing me that ID has merit.mikev6
November 15, 2009
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Bats couple call production with wing flapping to minimize the costs of echolocation during flight (Speakman & Racey 1991).
Was call production adjusted to conform to wing flapping, was wing flapping adjusted to conform to call production, or were both adjusted together? What would a designer do? What would evolution do, not having any way to know that the two were even remotely related? IOW, there is nothing in evolution which would prevent the evolution of either in a contradictory trajectory.Mung
November 15, 2009
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bornagain77: Your article on Icaronycteris included the following quote:
It closely resembled modern bats, but had some primitive traits. The tail was much longer and not connected to the hind legs with a skin membrane, the first wing finger bore a claw and the body was more flexible. Similarly, it had a full set of relatively unspecialised teeth, similar to those of a modern shrew.
This would appear to contradict your point that bats haven't evolved.mikev6
November 15, 2009
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More on echolocation:
Recent phylogenetic analyses based on gene sequences show that particular types of echolocation signals have evolved independently in several lineages of bats. Call design is often influenced more by perceptual challenges imposed by the environment than by phylogeny, and provides excellent examples of convergent evolution.
Read, "do not adhere to the pattern predicted by Darwinian evolutionary theory." Note that "convergence" is not an explanation, but rather a description.
Now that whole genome sequences of bats are imminent, understanding the functional genomics of echolocation will become a major challenge.
Even greater challenges will be to: 1.) Explain away the appearance of design. 2.) Explain how a mindless, purposeless process with nothing but genetic changes unrelated to adaptive needs just happened to miraculously appear, but also miraculously appeared in the same environment (where such a change would be beneficial) and appeared not just once, but many times, in independent lineages, all due to happenstance, and miraculously converged on the same solution to an unknown and unspecified problem. People reject Darwinism, and rightly so, because it is simply not believable. Give me an evolutionary theory that is believable, please!Mung
November 15, 2009
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mikev6 @ #22
Survey article on Bat evolution and development.
Thank you for the interesting link.
Bat echolocation calls provide remarkable examples of ‘good design’ through evolution by natural selection.
I love how they put 'good design' in scare quotes to remind us that what we have here is not an actual case of good design, but rather just the illusion of good design, brought about by a completely incompetent echolocation design process.
Theory developed from acoustics and sonar engineering permits a strong predictive basis for understanding echolocation performance.
Notice it is a intelligent design hypothesis which provides the fruitful avenue for inquiry. Folks, save this link for those who charge ID with not being a fruitful paradigm for science.Mung
November 15, 2009
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bornagain77:
So truly mikev6, which would be more important for you personally, that you knew the step by step, or instantaneous, way God designed the bat, or that you learn to hear from Him who created you?
I'll go for Door #1 for now. Do you know how it happened? You may find this question irritating, but its a natural result of extending science to include the non-material. If ID feels that science should make this extension, then you have to accept that science has this pesky habit of asking questions and demanding evidence, and will not be satisfied with "revealed knowledge" or accepting something on faith. Again, if you think the evidence for the currently accepted theory is insufficient, you need to present stronger evidence for your theory.mikev6
November 15, 2009
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So, you can have your cake and eat it too?
Fortunately evolution produces an infinite variety of cake (even though there is no such thing as "cake" in reality).Mung
November 15, 2009
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Well mike, I'll see your 52 million year old fossil and raise you a 52.5 million year old fossil with full echolocation already present: Icaronycteris http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icaronycteris picture: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Icaronycteris_index.jpg Thanks for the just so story I needed a good Darwinian fairy tale full of could have maybe have and possibly could haves all through it,, Then again you may just want to wake up tomorrow and practice real science by falsifying Abel's Null Hypothesis for information generation: The Capabilities of Chaos and Complexity: David L. Abel - Null Hypothesis For Information Generation - 2009 To focus the scientific community’s attention on its own tendencies toward overzealous metaphysical imagination bordering on “wish-fulfillment,” we propose the following readily falsifiable null hypothesis, and invite rigorous experimental attempts to falsify it: "Physicodynamics cannot spontaneously traverse The Cybernetic Cut: physicodynamics alone cannot organize itself into formally functional systems requiring algorithmic optimization, computational halting, and circuit integration." A single exception of non trivial, unaided spontaneous optimization of formal function by truly natural process would falsify this null hypothesis. http://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/10/1/247/pdf http://mdpi.com/1422-0067/10/1/247/ag Or better yet you may want to start your day off with a little prayer.bornagain77
November 15, 2009
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mikev6:
So, you can have your cake and eat it too?
semigloss
November 15, 2009
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bornagain77/Mung: Survey article on Bat evolution and development. Recent bat fossil and implications for bat development: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/science/nature/7243502.stm Short news article on genetic components of bat echolocation: http://news.softpedia.com/news/Human-Speech-and-Bat-Sonar-The-Same-Basis-66732.shtml (I'm sure there are more articles out there.) These discuss development of echolocation ability over time. And for bornagain77 - a species isn't required to evolve. A species keeping its basic body plan is perfectly consonant with the ToE. There could also be genetic change that isn't visible in the fossil record too.mikev6
November 15, 2009
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Mr BA^77, With regard to your first YouTube video, if the fossil record only contained modern forms, it would contradict Darwin's "inumerable variations". As it is, finding old fossils that resemble modern phenotypes is no contradiction - everything that video is leaving out are the inumerable variations.Nakashima
November 15, 2009
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Mung, In this video, at the 1:25 mark, is the picture of a 50 million year old bat fossil that looks exactly like bats living today: Ancient Fossils That Evolutionists Don't Want You To See - video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eLzqDLZoufQ What is stunning is that bats have an unchanging fossil record going back 50 million years which is supposedly the same amount of time that it took for some wolf-like animal to turn into a whale. Something is definitely amiss in Darwinland if they are allowed such leeway in story telling. Whale Evolution? - Exposing The Deception In The Fossil Record - Dr. Terry Mortenson - video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vyUqoTsmqbA Picture of a 50 Million Year Old Bat fossil that has not changed in shape from a modern bat http://www.fossil-museum.com/fossils/fosil.php?Id=410 Picture Of Modern Bat http://www.fossil-museum.com/fossils/yasayanornek.php?Id=410 Echolocation Of Bats - Intelligent Design - video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cKu8k1SQCuUbornagain77
November 15, 2009
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Seversky @ #3
evolution has had millions of years to perfect the bat’s echolocation system ...
And upon what factual basis do you make the claim that the bat echolocation system was any "less perfect" in the past than it is today? Evolution may have had millions of years, but that doesn't mean that it did so.
... while human scientists and engineers have been working on sonar for less than a hundred.
Perhaps they should have used a process that involved random changes with no goal or purpose and numerous trials.Mung
November 15, 2009
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Seversky @ #3
If we put the sonar set from a submarine on a table alongside the echolocation organs of a bat, do you not think that most observers would assume that the sonar set was the product of human design and engineering while the bat’s organs were the result of biological processes?
Most observers? Who knows. Say they were being observed by mold. Probably not. Say it was aliens, who knew nothing of biological processes or human design and engineering, but did have the technical competence to understand the operating principles.
They may both be based on the same operating principles but they look and perform very differently.
Then how do you explain the similarity in operating principles? For it isn't the parts, per se, that beg for an explanation, but rather the principles employed to achieve an end, and the fact that these parts just happen to do so.Mung
November 15, 2009
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mikev6: Until you can come back with some evidence, Darwin is still the front runner. Darwin has evidence? I've search for evidence that natural processes could generate complexity that exceeds mans ability and have found none! Yet I've search for evidence that God speaks to people and have found plenty. So truly mikev6, which would be more important for you personally, that you knew the step by step, or instantaneous, way God designed the bat, or that you learn to hear from Him who created you?bornagain77
November 15, 2009
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Kontinental @ #1
Is it legitimate to compare a technical device with living beings who can procreate?
Yes.Mung
November 15, 2009
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bornagain77:
mikev6 , Why don’t you ask Him yourself?
Ok - you can't explain how bat sonar developed. Until you can come back with some evidence, Darwin is still the front runner.mikev6
November 15, 2009
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Matters of principle do exist that scientists never will succeed in such task of artificial creation of a true intelligent living being.
It will be challenging, yes. It may never fully happen, yes. But to categorically say never will succeed is a strong statement, implying knowledge of all future advances in human understanding. I'll look forward to a more detailed explanation of how you've arrived at this conclusion.mikev6
November 15, 2009
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mikev6 , Why don’t you ask Him yourself?bornagain77
November 15, 2009
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bornagain77: Sorry, ID is supposed to be science. Saying "God did it" and then walking away is not sufficient, and only reinforces all the stereotypes about ID. If you don't like the Darwinian explanation for things, you need to present more compelling evidence for your explanation. (HINT - bible verses don't count as scientific evidence.) So, I'll ask again - how did the designer create bat sonar?mikev6
November 15, 2009
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Shorter BA^77 - I can't contribute to the conversation so I'll disrupt it instead. Maybe this ... wait for it... YouTube video!!1! will help you find a way of connecting constructively. Or perhaps this article about the evolution of echolocation in bats might help. Or you might peruse this part of the Wikipedia article on animal echolocation and point out which part of a bat's echolocation anatomy couldn't have evolved over millions of years, and why improvements in echolocation wouldn't have been strongly selected for in nocturnal predators and cave dwellers.Nakashima
November 15, 2009
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