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Have we profoundly misunderstood Harvard Evolutionary Biologist Richard Lewontin in his Jan 1997 NYRB article, “Billions and Billions of Demons”?

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In the current Computer Simulations thread, Dr Liddle has challenged me as follows, that I profoundly misunderstand prof Lewontin’s 1997 NYRB article that crops up so often at UD:

. . . as I have said several times, I don’t think it means what you think it means. In fact I’m sure you are misinterpreting it.

What Lewontin clearly means (and he says so explicitly) is that the entire scientific method is predicated on the assumption that the universe is predictable.

That doesn’t mean it is but that science can only proceed on that assumption.

There is no indoctination here – because no doctrine. Science does not teach the doctrine that there is “no Divine Foot”. What it teaches is that scientific methology must exclude that possiblity because otherwise the entire system collapses . . . .

Before responding to this, let me lay out a link on my understanding of science and its methods, at IOSE.

This also comes at a time when Mr Arrington was told that by leaving off the Beck reference, he had materially distorted the meaning to the point of alleged quote-mining. This is similar to what is now a standard talking point for darwinist objectors when this clip is used. (I had to deal with it in June this year, here at UD.)

It is time to again set the record straight.

So, here is my main response, by way of a markup of the key extract from prof Lewontin’s article; which is misplaced in the same thread as I hit the wrong reply button:

______________

>> . . . to put a correct view of the universe [1 –> a claim to holding truth, not just an empirically reliable, provisional account] into people’s heads we must first get an incorrect view out [2 –> an open ideological agenda] . . . the problem is to get them to reject irrational and supernatural explanations of the world, the demons that exist only in their imaginations [3 –> a declaration of cultural war], and to accept a social and intellectual apparatus, Science, as the only begetter of truth [ 4 –> this is a knowledge claim about knowledge and its possible sources, i.e. it is a claim in philosophy not science; it is thus self-refuting]. . . . To Sagan, as to all but a few other scientists, it is self-evident [5 –> a self evident claim is that this is true, must be true and its denial is patently absurd. But actually, science and its knowledge claims are plainly not immediately and necessarily true on pain of absurdity, to one who understands them; this is another logical error, begging the question, confused for real self-evidence] that the practices of science provide the surest method of putting us in contact with physical reality [6 –> Science gives reality, reality is naturalistic and material], and that, in contrast, the demon-haunted world rests on a set of beliefs and behaviors that fail every reasonable test [7 –> i.e. an assertion that tellingly reveals a hostile mindset, not a warranted claim: if you reject naturalistic, materialistic evolutionism, you are ignorant, stupid, insane or wicked, by direct implication] . . . .

It is not that the methods and institutions of science somehow compel us to accept a material explanation of the phenomenal world [8 –> redefines science as a material explanation of the observed world], but, on the contrary, that we are forced by our a priori adherence to material causes [9 –> another major begging of the question . . . by imposition of a priori materialism as a worldview that then goes on to control science as its handmaiden and propaganda arm that claims to be the true prophet of reality, the only begetter of truth] to create an apparatus of investigation and a set of concepts that produce material explanations, no matter how counter-intuitive, no matter how mystifying to the uninitiated. [10 –> In short, even if the result is patently absurd on its face, it is locked in, as materialistic “science” is now our criterion of truth!] Moreover, that materialism is absolute [11 –> i.e. here we see the fallacious, indoctrinated, ideological, closed mind . . . ], for we cannot allow a Divine Foot in the door. [12 –> Hostility to the divine is embedded, from the outset, as per the dismissal of the “supernatural”] The eminent Kant scholar Lewis Beck used to say that anyone who could believe in God could believe in anything. [13 –> a slightly more sophisticated form of Dawkins’ ignorant, stupid, insane or wicked, certainly, irrational. This is a declaration of war! Those who believe in God, never mind the record of history, never mind the contributions across the ages, are dismissed as utterly credulous and irrational, dangerous and chaotic] To appeal to an omnipotent deity is to allow that at any moment the regularities of nature may be ruptured, that miracles may happen. [14 –> Perhaps the second saddest thing is that some actually believe that these last three sentences that express hostility to God and then back it up with a loaded strawman caricature of theism and theists JUSTIFY what has gone on before. As a first correction, accurate history — as opposed to the commonly promoted rationalist myth of the longstanding war of religion against science — documents (cf. here for a start) that the Judaeo-Christian worldview nurtured and gave crucial impetus to the rise of modern science through its view that God as creator made and sustains an orderly world. Similarly, for miracles — e.g. the resurrection of Jesus — to stand out as signs pointing beyond the ordinary course of the world, there must first be such an ordinary course, one plainly amenable to scientific study. The saddest thing is that many are now so blinded and hostile that, having been corrected, they will STILL think that this justifies the above. But, nothing can excuse the imposition of a priori materialist censorship on science, which distorts its ability to seek the empirically warranted truth about our world.]

[[From: “Billions and Billions of Demons,” NYRB, January 9, 1997.] >>
____________

Do you see my fourteen main points of concern in the clip?

And if you go to the immediately linked, you will see a following note that raises much more, e.g Lewontin’s caricature of the woman who thought the TV broadcasts from the Moon were fake because she could not get Dallas on her set; while in fact Wernher von Braun, the man who sent the Apollo rocket to the Moon was a Christian and a Creationist.

There is even more in the onward linked full article.

Read the above, work your way through the fourteen points, then come back to me and show me how I have misunderstood what Lewontin “really” meant.

So, let us extend the invitation to the onlooker.

Have we misunderstood Lewontin, or have we understood him all too well?

What are your thoughts, why? END

Comments
Eager Beavers . . .kairosfocus
October 18, 2011
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This reminds me of when my condo association gave me grief about the windows I installed, because they didn't match some code. (It was written to the effect that everyone's windows had to look like everyone else's windows.) They lost for two reasons. One, they were enforcing the rule selectively. Two, the rule was too vague to be meaningful. That's the case here. People just make up what is or isn't supernatural or miraculous, usually by a strawman argument. Ie, ID = creationism = creation = miracle = God = supernatural.ScottAndrews
October 18, 2011
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True. We spend millions of dollars researching suspected miracles, as long as they are the approved miracles. A designer poofs life into existence - bad miracle. Remove the designer, good miracle. The central question is the same in each case - how? In yet another typical case of circular reasoning, scientists can only study scientific questions, and scientific questions are whatever scientists study. The miracle of abiogenesis remains a valid subject of science as long as people keep mixing chemicals together and claiming to study it. This is the blind, circular reasoning that enables them to deny that at best the possible design of life is all they are researching.ScottAndrews
October 18, 2011
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"Unknown" is a common answer, but the trick is to find questions that can be answered or researched. Asking researchable questions is what separates scientists from non-scientists.Petrushka
October 18, 2011
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Sometimes “unknown” is the best answer
Absolutely agree. I often agree with you, Scott - I hope that doesn't worry you :)Elizabeth Liddle
October 18, 2011
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Yes, the problem with most materialists (Lewontin obviously included) is that they are not materialist enough - or are selectively materialistic. When something is not IN the material, then it simply not IN the material. Like the onset of formalism through rules (like within genetic information). Be a materialists, admit its not in the matter.Upright BiPed
October 18, 2011
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Physics has become weird enough that there is no reason to invent an artificial dividing line between material and spiritual. I would simply say that there are phenomena for which there is reliable evidence, and phenomena which are asserted to exist, but which cannot be verified or replicated.Petrushka
October 18, 2011
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Yes, I am quite certain that there is much truth in that song.M. Holcumbrink
October 18, 2011
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Detection of design can be an entirely materialist process with materialist outputs (if one wants to consider intelligence as material). One can observe the presence of intelligence at work in a beaver-dam (animal intelligence) without invoking a Divine Foot directly. For me the most interesting part of that infamous quote is this: Rather, the problem is to get them to ... accept a social and intellectual apparatus, Science, as the only begetter of truth. That's obviously self-refuting. I also think his use of the term "uninitiated" is interesting also.Proponentist
October 18, 2011
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I haven’t commented here in quite awhile and only by chance saw this thread. Nor have I read all the comments here but will keep it for reading later. But I have one thing to be considered if it has not been addressed. A typical science study has four parts, 1. An introduction or discussion of the problem and what has been done to date, the various issues and a definition of the problem to be studied. 2. A discussion and justification of methodology and materials to address the problem in question. 3. The research results. And 4 the conclusions based on these results and past studies. Or what do we now know. It is the 4th part that is at the heart of this discussion. Just what can we conclude from the results and past studies. It is here that Lewontin goes astray. He arbitrarily limits the conclusions from a study. This is not good logic, good philosophy and in reality is not good science. In the past I have maintained that an ID proponent could do any study in the history of science and have no problems with doing it from a scientific viewpoint. They could be evolutionary biologists and do anything Richard Dawkins or Jerry Coyne would do or approve. Where they differ from people such as Dawkins or Coyne or pick your favorite scientist, is in what they conclude from the data. It is in the conclusions that the ID proponent would differ from the typical scientist by considering a bigger set of possible answers that would include all that Dawkins or Coyne might consider. There is no answer in the scientists tool chest that is out of bounds for the ID proponent except that the solutions are limited which is what Lewontin, Dawkins, Coyne etc subscribe to. And one of these conclusions IS that we do not have an answer as to why something happened. The ID proponent would say we must not be forced to constrict our conclusions to a limited subset of potential answers. What I have seen is that the materialist scientist forces a limited sub set of choices arbitrarily not because it is logical but for ideological reasons. That is not good philosophy let alone good science.jerry
October 18, 2011
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I have no problem with what Lewontin said if he's applying it to demons. Whether one believes in them or not, science can't really account for their activity. (Although on a side note, it does no good to push lousy explanations just because they are "material." Sometimes "unknown" is the best answer.) What is the connection between this commonly referenced quote and ID? What is the connection between ID and 'immaterial' or 'divine?' This might be a really dumb question. Sometimes I don't see the big picture. But why not just negate the debate over philosophical materialism by maintaining that it is not incompatible with ID? It's already established that ID does not posit miracles. Why fight an unnecessary battle on another front?ScottAndrews
October 18, 2011
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M. Holcumbrink, Maybe there's some truth in this song???
Amy Grant - Better Than A Hallelujah (Sometimes) http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rm5kx3xqmg0
bornagain77
October 18, 2011
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It was not intended as accusatory, kf, and I willingly withdraw any implication (unintended) that it was. I simply think you have misinterpreted Lewontin's piece. By which I mean, I think he means something different than what you have taken from it. I still think that! But it is not an "accusation". I think you are wrong on many things - as presumably you do with me! But neither of us are "accusing" the other of being wrong. I don't think. We are disagreeing. Not the same thing!Elizabeth Liddle
October 18, 2011
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F/N: I had actually came by to clarify a point that should be clear from the diagram I have used to illustrate the explanatory filter, and various discussions. Namely, that the explanations are done per aspect of an object, phenomenon or process. The overall causal story as reconstructed, is based on accumulating the explanations across aspects. For instance, some of the orbital data of a planet as observed is chance based experimental error, some is systematic error. Some is accurate to the orbit. That orbit is in turn partly interaction with the Sun. Part is interaction with other planets, the moons that the planet may have and so forth. Look up the story of perturbations to see what I am driving at. Let's note that Newton, 100 years too early for the math required, said that trying to work out the Moon's orbit in details, "giveth me a headache." GEM of TKIkairosfocus
October 18, 2011
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Dr Liddle: If a point of view is accusatory directly or by direct implication, and it is unwarranted -- as seems increasingly likely to be so, it SHOULD be withdrawn. GEM of TKIkairosfocus
October 18, 2011
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Pav, Petrushka, Why does the question of immaterial intelligence even arise? The Bible describes God as a spirit. It's evidently a form that's unknown to us and isn't described in scientific terms. That should be a non-issue. People are constantly talking about particles and matter that they can't precisely define. It's just an unknown. There's no point in labeling it "material" or "immaterial." And Petrushka is dead on right about what the Bible says about the body. No one before Jesus thought of themselves as separate from the body (except for those outside of Judaism.) Later the possibility was opened for a physical person to die and be resurrected as a spirit (whatever that may be.) This did not indicate that the person was in any way immaterial up until that point. As Petrushka says, the body is necessary. This is because the body is the person.ScottAndrews
October 18, 2011
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kf, I will not withdraw what was an expression of my point of view! Unless of course I cease to hold it, in which case, of course I will. There is nothing in my alleged "assertion" that "enables" anything, let alone "denizens of the fever swamps". I think you have misunderstood Lewontin, that is all. I don't think he's saying what you think he's saying. I don't know how to resolve this exactly - all we have are his words (I guess we could has him, but he must be over eighty now). If he is saying what I am saying then there is no need to worry. If he's saying what you think he is saying, I don't think there's much need to worry either, because I don't think what someone writes in the NYRB is terribly earth-shattering, but, whether it is or not, the fact that I have interpreted him as saying something more benign isn't going to "enable" the denizen of any swamp! But yes, I will try to tackle your 14 points. I don't see the urgency - but I will do my best. cheers LizzieElizabeth Liddle
October 18, 2011
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Dr Liddle: Kindly examine inference to best explanation on the relevant empirical facts, again. Frankly, this is getting quite repetitious, and I begin to wonder why this seems so hard for many to see:
1: Lawlike mechanical necessity does not produce high contingency so if you see that sign you are looking at chance and/or choice as the best explanation of the aspect of an object or process etc under investigation. 2: If you do see a lawlike pattern holding under sufficiently similar initial conditions you infer to a mechanical force and try to quantify it, e.g. F = m*a etc. 3: If the high contingency under similar initial conditions follows stochastic patterns similar to a tossed die or a tossed pair of die etc -- flat and bell distributions at a starter level -- then the logical explanation is chance driven statistical process. The example above is 500 coins in a string in no particular sequence [and most likely not far from a 50-50 distribution on H and T]. 4: If instead you see a result E that is highly implausible from such stochastic sampling of the field of possibilities W, but which fits into a separately and simply describable target zone T that is a zone of interest on function or the like, then it is reasonable to infer to choice as credible cause. E.g. the 500 coins are arranged in the ASCII code for a sentence in English. 5: Such a distinction is subject of empirical tests, and it is a commonplace that such instances of FSCO/I are consistently the result of design where we directly know the causal story. 6: So, the inference to design on empirical sign is not a matter of god of the gaps reasoning or the like but of empirically anchored inference to best explanation on well-tested empirical signs.
This has been explained over and over by many people, and it follows routine methods of inquiry used in the sciences, statistics, forensics and many other fields, so I want to know why there is a roadblock to understanding it. And, since this is tangential to the main issue, i also want the fourteen points of concern addressed, step by step. You have stated, publicly that I have misread Lewontin et al. Kindly show how, if you can. if not, then kindly withdraw that serious public assertion that is frankly enabling to the denizens of the fever swamps. This makes TWO tangential issues this morning, when a central serious matter is on the table and when I have a crisis dealing with elsewhere. GEM of TKIkairosfocus
October 18, 2011
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Do you, then, believe that matter and intelligence is one and the same thing?
Just so I won't be accused of evading the question, the answer is no. That isn't what I said. What I said was I am not aware of any instance of a non-material intelligence. I think it was on another thread where I pointed out that in at least two places the bible says the body will be resurrected. Apparently the writers of the Bible also thought the body is necessary. It's not anti-religious.Petrushka
October 18, 2011
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I've just re-read Lewontin's whole review, for the first time for quite a while. I remain convinced, kf, that you are both misinterpreting it, and extrapolating from it to create something that is a needlessly terrifying straw man. I found the full text on line here: http://www.drjbloom.com/Public%20files/Lewontin_Review.htm And I will attempt to deal with your fourteen points this evening. Although I also have a very pretty clock that has unaccountably stopped, and will also try to coax it back into life this evening :) cheers LizzieElizabeth Liddle
October 18, 2011
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BA77, in 1.1.1.2.2, I take serious issue with one of the statements from the www.godandscience.org page:
Jesus told His followers not to pray repetitiously, since God would not hear those kinds of prayers
The Lord told his followers not to use VAIN repetition. The Lord himself went back and “prayed the same thing” in the garden the night he was arrested. He repeated his prayer, so Jesus himself used repetition. But besides that, I’m not sure “repetition” would fall under the same category as “reading a script”, which is utterly laughable, anyway you slice it. I just wish the authors of the web page had put that a different way, that’s all. But it bothered me enough to address it, for what it’s worth.M. Holcumbrink
October 18, 2011
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kf, "inference to the best explanation among known causal patterns, in light of tested, empirically reliable signs" is indeed premised on "explanatory gaps". It's right there in your definition: "known causal patterns"; "empirically reliable signs". In other words, it is based on the idea that if you have ruled out a set of explanations, you can rule in some other explanation as long as you have found it to be "empirically reliable" in other contexts. It thus makes three errors: Firstly, it is based on an "explanatory gap" - the ruling out of a set of explanations for an event; second, it fills that gap with an explanation that has not been tested for that event type; and third, it seems to stop there, without any attempt to test the posited explanation empirically. So I will, I'm afraid, continue to repeat my claim that ID is premised on "explanatory gaps" because I don't find your correction supported! Let's take OOL: we have an explanatory gap i.e. we don't yet have a good OOL model (though we have some promising ones). ID proposes to fill that gap with the explanation that an Intelligent Designer designed lifeforms, on the grounds that life forms resemble in complexity and functionality entities designed by Intelligent Human Designers. This is doubly fallacious because a) infers that only one explanation can fill the gap and b) supplies an explanation based only on "empirically reliable signs" of material biological designers, despite the fact that we know of no material designer around at the time (that would be an oxymoron) and that life forms have one hugely important characteristic that is not generally found in human artefacts, and which offers an alternative explanation, namely they reproduce with variance. To which, generally, ID proponents tend to respond: oh, but you can't explain how the first self-replicators came about! True. But then we are back to the "explanatory gap" again. "Inference to the best explanation" is, IMO, kf, invalid. It is in any case premised on an "explanatory gap" and it commits the second fallacy of assuming that the gap leaves only one alternative, as well as the unjustified insertion of an alternative that has not been empirically tested for reliability under the conditions prevailing at the time of the event.Elizabeth Liddle
October 18, 2011
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Dr Liddle: I gave you already responses on early bits. This is significantly tangential to the main issue for the thread, which is momentous and pregnant with sobering issues, but for the sake of dialogue I will take time to go through. I note onwards step by step through: 1 --> 6:56 Genes are databases, or better data structures, in which we find BOTH things like protein and RNA codes [RNAs do jobs too like in the ribosome] AND regulatory code. In both cases these are prescriptive information of algorithmic character. 2 --> c. 9:00, exponential breakout of number of possibilities is obvious, and is a key aspect of the problem FSCO/I highlights. 3 --> 11:37 the build is ZYGOTE onwards, not bottom up, kindly note p. 2 of the recent ID founds 8 post, insert on hox genes and the 48 hr core body plan assembly as a slice of the issue. 11:38, he mentions the -- "complicated" -- egg cell as start point. This of course echoes the issue of the original single celled life form. 4 --> 14:33 DNA alone is inert-dead, i.e the organism is a whole, and in our case [and that of other animals with self-aware consciousness] a self. We must understand wholes and parts and how the two interact in an extremely complex system. Where also we know of just one source for such FSCO/I, when we empirically test against directly known cases, design. And in fact his reverse-Dawkins summary is empirically testable and states -- rhetorical flourishes aside -- the complementary whole point to the valid part of Dawkins' focus on the gene as where key bioinfo is stored. 15:01, the diagram RH pane is useful to illustrate part-whole interactions. Don't forget that integration of parts, modules and links to make a coherent whole is a major systems engineering -- a whole discipline in engineering -- challenge. 15:20 feed downs is a stand-in for the usual term: feed back paths in interactive loops. 5 --> 18:40 -- extended Barkhausen criterion, an oscillator is inherently an irreducible system with positive feedback that sets the frequency based on specific relationships. Interesting case in point, and he is right that looking for the whole in the part is a fundamental error, of reductionism. But then, irreducible complexity is precisely a design theory view. (And Barkhausen etc on oscillators -- Noble is dealing with a relaxation oscillator, much as our explosive friend to the south of where I sit is a rather larger scale relaxation oscillator -- is just one way how those of us with applied science/ engg exposure come to naturally accept it as real and as a key feature of designs.) 6 --> 20:24 inheritance beyond the gene is now a part and parcel of current thought, and the idea of markers etc is of course, informational and regulatory. This also extends to elaboration of body plans and cell specialisation in different parts. 7 --> 23:42 he explicitly brings in the feedback concept, across multiple levels. This is familiar to anyone who has had to design and build a microcontroller from bottom up. 8 --> 25:12 Natural selection is of essentially populations and individuals in them, if it is meaningful. 9 --> 26:50: "Genes are like linguistic metaphors: re-use, multiple use . . . " This is better seen in the context of the library of components now common in programming, even in modern languages like Java. Library and re-use of course is typical of design.27:31 genome as a database again. 10 --> c. 28:00 there are no genetic programs is going too far. Programs are CALLED by the system in response to exigencies of current circumstances. Cf. Action of the ribosome, where the mRNA acts precisely like a tape and the action of the hox genes that has just been elucidated. In both these cases we do see the classic sequence data and execution control structure in action. 11 --> c. 29:30 he seems to miss that program code sits in data structures and is called and executed by a system in accordance with an IPO process logic and maybe a clock process in a typical information system. Wholes, parts, configs, organisation, interaction etc. 12 --> 31:39 perturbations can trigger transitions of patterns, to trigger different modes, here arrhythmia. Likewise a different perturbation can trigger a restart of normal beating. Hence the defibrillator. Right now I am dealing with a wall clock that is prone to this problem. 13 --> 33:27 he continues to deny the reality of programs. __________ Rest of reality intrudes, so off I must go. GEM of TKI 11 -->kairosfocus
October 18, 2011
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That question doesn't make any sense. You seem to have constructed an undistributed middle: 1. Intelligence requires matter 2. X is matter 3. Therefore X is intelligent. What I said was more like: 1. All known instances of intelligence are material 2. X is a known instance of intelligence 3. Therefore X is material. I did not rule out the possibility of immaterial intelligence. I invite you to demonstrate an example. Show me that "1" is wrong.Petrushka
October 18, 2011
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F/N: Further piece of Noble, the issue is not so much control system as the information embedded in its organisation and in some of its elements. To organise elements under a wiring diagram in effect answers a chain of Y/N questions in a particular structured sequence in a particular structured way. That is information, and it is complex and functionally specified -- we run past 1,000 bits real fast as anyone who has used AutoCAD etc or a circuit wiring program can tell you. There is also direct digital info in DNA etc. Its not just chemistry it is organisation and implicit and explicit info. And BTW, the notion that a typical control loop would self assemble and tune itself is ludicrous.kairosfocus
October 18, 2011
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kf, would you be willing to listen to the lecture I linked to? I'd be very grateful.Elizabeth Liddle
October 18, 2011
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Let us take up just one further paragraph, in substantiation:
Sagan's argument is straightforward. We exist as material beings in a material world, all of whose phenomena are the consequences of physical relations among material entities. [a --> There is absolutely no actual finding of SCIENCE that grounds such; this is an a priori imposition of materialism, and one that then dons the holy lab coat to censor our other reasonable worldviews that should sit to the table of comparative difficultes as of right, not sufferance.] [b --> In addition, as the above linked on the self-referential incoherence and amorality of such materialism shows, this view is self-referentially incoherent and self-refuting, it CANNOT be true on pain of reduction to absurdity, as say Haldane knew in the 1930's.] . The vast majority of us do not have control of the intellectual apparatus needed to explain manifest reality in material terms [c --> An appalling contempt, and an astonshing ignorance of the reductio to absurdum just alluded to. That is, the project to "explain manifest reality in material terms" is LOGICALLY impossible, and yet if you point that bankruptcy out, you are apt to be dismissed or expelled.] , so in place of scientific (i.e., correct material) explanations [d --> Science is equated to materialism, which is philosophically false and historically unwarranted, turning science and science education into ill-founded ideological indoctrination enforced by arrogant abuse of power], we substitute demons. [e --> Mind-closing contempt] As one bit of evidence for the bad state of public consciousness, Sagan cites opinion polls showing that the majority of Americans believe that extraterrestrials have landed from UFOs. [f --> And, who is it that predominantly controls education and the media mikes and cams? Do the churches teach that UFO's have landed? Is it not patent that science fiction is a response to the rise of science as dominant scheme of thought, and that the driving factor is that it is believed that life must have evolved all over the cosmos so by a vulgar version of Copernican mediocrity, it is plausible to many that advanced, star-crossing civilisations are very likely to exist, per say the Drake Eqn? Why SETI, if that is not a common enough scientific view? Then, mix in post Vietnam era cynicism about govt and some interesting popular stories centering on Area 51 and Roswell etc, and voila, the mystery is vanished.] The demonic, for Sagan, includes, in addition to UFOs and their crews of little green men who take unwilling passengers for a midnight spin and some wild sex, astrological influences, extrasensory perception, prayers [g --> Do you not see the crude guilt by association tactic here?], spoon-bending, repressed memories, spiritualism, and channeling, as well as demons sensu strictu, devils, fairies, witches, spirits, Satan and his devotees, and, after some discreet backing and filling, the supposed prime mover Himself. [h --> Notice, the guilt by association tactic again. Kindly, take time to examine say here and come back to us on whether it is reasonable or not to hold a theistic worldview on the balance of evidence, as opposed to whether all will accept it. Explain why.] God gives Sagan a lot of trouble. It is easy enough for him to snort derisively at men from Mars, but when it comes to the Supreme Extraterrestrial he is rather circumspect, asking only that sermons "even-handedly examine the God hypothesis." [i --> H'mm: do we see above for scientists and science educators, a requirement that in their lectures, books, movies [e.g. the PBS -- PUBLIC broadcasting, i.e taxpayer supported . . . ] and press releases they "even-handedly examine the God [evolutionary materialist] hypothesis"? What is it that predictably happens [happened in Kansas, Dover PA, Cobb County Georgia, Texas, Louisiana etc] whenever some group or individual is unwise enough to suggest a more even handed and philosophically balanced approach to teaching origins science? Isn't sauce for the goose sauce for the gander too?]
The point should be plain. GEM of TKIkairosfocus
October 18, 2011
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Dr Liddle: Pardon, but I cannot be impressed by the above comment, which does not come across as seriously responsive to very sobering concerns that have been put on the table. First, it is always trivially true that an opinion piece is one's personal opinion, but in this case there are markers that clearly point to something far wider than that. So, kindly focus on the clip in the OP, the highlighted remark just in front of my comment no 5: "To Sagan, as to all but a few other scientists . . . " Observe as well, how often Mr Lewontin speaks of "we" etc. You will see from the fourteen points of specific concern, that the fundamental issues with Mr Sagan's claims go far beyond one or two points where he may have a point, e.g. there are always irrational and superstitious people (including many atheists and materialists, as BA 77 reminds us above). No, Mr Lewontin, acting consciously for the scientific elites, has taken aim at ANYONE who believes in God, branding any such person as irretrievably irrational and a menace to scientific progress. Indeed, that comes out most explicitly in the Beck allusion at the end of the extended citation:
The eminent Kant scholar Lewis Beck used to say that anyone who could believe in God could believe in anything. [13 --> a slightly more sophisticated form of Dawkins' ignorant, stupid, insane or wicked, certainly, irrational. This is a declaration of war! Those who believe in God, never mind the record of history, never mind the contributions across the ages, are dismissed as utterly credulous and irrational, dangerous and chaotic] To appeal to an omnipotent deity is to allow that at any moment the regularities of nature may be ruptured, that miracles may happen. [14 --> Perhaps the second saddest thing is that some actually believe that these last three sentences that express hostility to God and then back it up with a loaded strawman caricature of theism and theists JUSTIFY what has gone on before. As a first correction, accurate history -- as opposed to the commonly promoted rationalist myth of the longstanding war of religion against science -- documents (cf. here for a start) that the Judaeo-Christian worldview nurtured and gave crucial impetus to the rise of modern science through its view that God as creator made and sustains an orderly world. Similarly, for miracles -- e.g. the resurrection of Jesus -- to stand out as signs pointing beyond the ordinary course of the world, there must first be such an ordinary course, one plainly amenable to scientific study. The saddest thing is that many are now so blinded and hostile that, having been corrected, they will STILL think that this justifies the above. But, nothing can excuse the imposition of a priori materialist censorship on science, which distorts its ability to seek the empirically warranted truth about our world.]
You will see that I included my specific points of concern. if the allusion to Beck is accurate, both Lewontin and Beck are guilty of a bigoted, sophomoric, broad-brush dismissive, superciliously bombastic dismissal of a great many people of the greatest scholarship, eminence, probity and contribution to science and science education. Are you SURE you wish to associate yourself with such sentiments and attitudes? In addition, you will see that in the source extended clip, from here on, I have taken time to make material excerpts from Mr Coyune, and from the Official publications of the US NAS and NSTA, to show that this pattern extends to key official bodies that act in authoritative or influential ways on science, popularisation of science, and science education policy. I have also linked the key case-intervention in Kansas where the NAS and NSTA, with the NCSE hovering in the background, intervened in a frankly menacing way that by direct implication held the children of that state hostage to the adoption of a radical redefinition of science for education purposes that lacks historical and philosophical warrant, and which imposes the restructuring of science and science education as indoctrination in materialism. (I notice, you have not come back on my remarks above on definitions of science in such contexts, and their import.) I am further astonished to see your dismissal of Sir Francis Crick as though that was the point, a mere matter of personal opinion. Sorry, the linked section in question from here on [and continuing into part d] is about the inherent self-referential incoherence of materialism as an account of mind, and it extends far beyond Crick, going back to Marx and Freud, and passing though Haldane -- who I explicitly cited above; along the way to a broad assessment of the implications of the materialistic account of the origin, capabilities and driving dynamics of mind imagined to be a result of chance circumstances and forces of mechanical necessity acting through genetic and scoio-cultural conditioning. In addition, the linked section goes on to address the issue of the inherent amorality of such evolutionary materialism in section d. Dr Noble's lecture, I have listened to the initial parts of, on the way to this reply. As someone coming from the angle of digital systems, comms systems and control systems, the systems concept is quite familiar. Systems take global properties from configurations of components, leading to overall functions based on interactions of wholes and parts, and NORMALLY exhibit complexity and irreducibility of cores in the overall wiring diagram, to use Wicken's apt term. (Cf the diagrams of systems here in figs I.2 - 4 [go on to the linked chart of the biochem rxns of the living cell], and of gene regulatory networks here. Noble does not provide a way of escape from the requisites and implications of FSCO/I and IC systems. Those challenges to the blind chance and necessity view are fundamentally matters of the exponential explosion of possibilities as components are added to such systems to enable them to function. We are thus back at the basic challenge in the OP: you have said that I have fundamentally misunderstood, and I have laid out 14 points of concern that substantiate why I consider that the problem is just the opposite; we have understood Lewontin, speaking for the dominant elites, all too well. Unless you can show that as a whole, the concerns raised are wrong, prudence must tip the balance in favour of the concerns. And after a day and a half and more, with nearly 100 responses and over 1,000 views, it is clear that those who elsewhere so brazenly accuse us of out of context, misleading citation, have yet to seriously substantiate their claim. Indeed, so far as I can see, the two last sentences that are often left off in citations simply further underscore the points of concern in the sections most often cited. That is, the citations as usually seen are NOT misleading, utterly contrary to the unjust but now increasingly common talking point that falsely accuses people for giving a more concise citation that per the 14 points of concern is manifestly accurate to the substance of Mr Lewontin's views and highlights what is of serious concern. And, if we were to open up and incorporate further remarks, the picture would be reinforced. [ . . . ]kairosfocus
October 18, 2011
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It seems to me that "stating his personal view" is exactly what he is doing. And I think he has a good point. Who are these "dominant elites" that you are worried about? And what are they doing that worries you? And what do Francis Crick's views on whether the mind exists have to do with anything? BTW "emergence" is not a euphemism for anything. It's a rather important concept, and not very complicated concept - it describes the properties of any entity whose propoeries are different from those of its parts. For example, the behaviour of an ant colony is different from the behaviour of the individual ants. That behaviour is an emergent property. The behaviour of a person is different from the behaviour of her cells. That property is an emergent property. Most importantly, the entity we describe as having the emergent property can reasonably said to exist. We do not say that an ant colony does not exist, all there are are ants. Nor should we IMO say the mind does not exist, just because it is the result the coordinated behaviour of billions of neurons. The point being that the decription of the parts of a system do not describe the system - in order to describe the system, we need to include the interactions between the parts. For any but the simplest system, this requires description at a much higher level of analysis, where the system itself is treated as an entity with its own properties. kf, if you have not already, please listen to this lecture by Denis Noble. It is extremely good, whether you agree with it or not. He is, interestingly, putting a powerful counter-view to that expressed by Dawkins in The Selfish Gene. I think you may like it. http://videolectures.net/eccs07_noble_psb/ His book is also excellent, but the content is here in the video. I've been recommending this for a while now, here, but so far I've had no feedback! It is extremely relevant to the whole ID project.Elizabeth Liddle
October 18, 2011
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Dr Liddle, WILL one "do"? GEM of TKI PS: Remember, Lewontin is not just stating his personal view, he is giving the general view of the dominant elites. And, the behaviour of the US NAS etc backs that up.kairosfocus
October 17, 2011
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